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A Global Visual Information Intervention Model for Medical Visual Question Answering

computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年第Pt A期192卷 110195-110195页

作者： Peng, Peixi Fan, Wanshu Shen, Yue Yang, Xin Zhou, Dongsheng National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Computer-Aided Design School of Software Engineering Dalian University Dalian116622 China School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China

Medical Visual Question Answering (Med-VQA) aims to furnish precise responses to clinical queries related to medical imagery. While its transformative potential in healthcare is undeniable, current solutions remain nascent and are yet to see widespread clinical adoption. Med-VQA presents heightened complexities compared to standard visual question answering (VQA) tasks due to the myriad of clinical scenarios and the scarcity of labeled medical imagery. This often culminates in language biases and overfitting vulnerabilities. In light of these challenges, this study introduces Global Visual Information Intervention (GVII), an innovative Med-VQA model designed to mitigate language biases and improve model generalizability. GVII is centered on two key branches: the Global Visual Information Branch (GVIB), which extracts and filters holistic visual data to amplify the image's contribution and reduce question dominance, and the Forward Compensation Branch (FCB), which refines multimodal features to counterbalance disruptions introduced by GVIB. These branches work in tandem to enhance predictive accuracy and robustness. Furthermore, a multi-branch fusion mechanism ensures cohesive integration of features and losses across the model. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms existing state-of-the-art models, achieving a 2.6% improvement in accuracy on the PathVQA dataset. In conclusion, the GVII-based Med-VQA model not only successfully mitigates prevalent language biases and overfitting issues but also significantly improves diagnostic precision, offering a considerable stride toward robust, clinically applicable VQA systems. © 2025

关键词： Question answering

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Star Operation in Self-Attention for 3D Human Pose Estimation

Star Operation in Self-Attention for 3D Human Pose Estimatio...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Hao Wang Xiaochuan Wang Ruijun Liu Xiaoming Chen Haisheng Li School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Beijing Technology and Business University School of Software Engineering Beijing University

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Recent transformer-based methods have achieved notable success in 3D human pose estimation. However, the most utilized self-attention mechanisms compute the attention matrix by performing a dot product on inter-vector features, which may overlook finer element-wise interactions. In this paper, we introduce star-attention, which integrates the star operation into the self-attention module. This approach retains the non-linearity and high dimensionality characteristics of matrix multiplication in self-attention while enhancing the feature representation by capturing interactions at a finer granularity. Specifically, we validated the promotion of the proposed star-attention module on MixSTE as an example. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves competitive performance on benchmarks compared to state-of-the-art methods, producing smoother 3D poses across successive frames.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Pose estimation Stars Benchmark testing Signal processing Transformers Acoustics Speech processing

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Adaptive Occlusion Face Recognition Feature Fusion Network Based on Precise Guidance Mask Extraction

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) 2025年 1-12页

作者： Ye, Jihua Zhang, Lei Wang, Chao Tu, Qixuan Zheng, Rehua Huang, Huiyuan Jiang, Aiwen School of Computer and Information Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang330022 China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for High Performance Computing Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang330022 China State International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Networked Supporting Software Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang330022 China

The uncertainty in the position and size of occluding objects greatly affects the extraction of identity features in facial recognition, which is a challenge that existing methods fail to effectively address. To tackle this issue, this paper introduces a novel feature fusion network for occluded facial recognition that adaptively handles arbitrary occlusions and accurately extracts occlusion information masks. The network effectively mitigates the impact of occlusions on facial identity features through a feature fusion module. The proposed method employs an occlusion classification module and an occlusion classification loss to precisely guide the extraction of accurate occlusion masks. Subsequently, an occlusion-aware hybrid attention module is introduced, which focuses on the relationship between facial features and occlusion masks across channel and spatial dimensions. This fusion strategy enables the extraction of facial identity features that are resilient to occlusions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method holds a significant advantage in handling facial recognition tasks with arbitrary occlusions. On the LFW and MF1 synthetic occlusion datasets, the average accuracy rates reached 93.19% and 72.57%, respectively, showing improvements of 1.7 and 2.39 percent points over mainstream methods. © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2025.

关键词： A feature fusion occluded facial recognition occlusion mask occlusion perception TP391.41

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Efficient Fingerprint Database Organization for Optimized Recognition

Efficient Fingerprint Database Organization for Optimized Re...

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Emerging Smart Computing and Informatics (ESCI), Conference on

作者： Jeffrey Jeeva Dhas Adhip Koshy Nishit Dua D. Ajitha Department of Software Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore Tamil Nadu India Department of Software Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore Vellore India

ISBN: (数字)9798331515683

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515690

A popular biometric identification method, renowned for its dependability and individuality in personal identification, is fingerprint recognition. This article presents an efficient fingerprint identification system that significantly reduces processing times for 100,000 fingerprints from 8 minutes to less than 5 seconds by utilizing multithreading, ANSI 378 templates, and Source AFIS. The system overcomes the time-consuming image-to-template conversion procedure and increases overall storage efficiency by utilizing parallel processing and preformatted templates (ANSI/ISO). The fingerprint matching system incorporates Directional Field, CNN models for identifying fingerprint types, and Finger Code methods to classify fingerprints, improving precision and efficiency.

关键词： Technological innovation Multithreading Law enforcement System performance Organizations Machine learning Fingerprint recognition Biometric identification Real-time systems Informatics

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Image Tampering Detection With Frequency-Aware Attention and Multiview Fusion

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第3期6卷 614-625页

作者： Xu, Xu Chen, Junxin Lv, Wenrui Wang, Wei Zhang, Yushu Dalian University of Technology School of Software Dalian116621 China Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang110004 China Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Emotion Intelligence and Pervasive Computing Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Shenzhen518172 China Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Nanchang330013 China

Manipulated images are flooding our daily lives, which poses a threat to social security. Recently, many studies have focused on image tampering detection. However, they have poor performance on independent validation due to differences in image scenes and tampering methods. The key question is how to design a network that is able to adaptively enhance the tampering information and suppress the generalization features during training. To this end, we propose a dual-branch network with a frequency adaptation paradigm and a feature fusion module for robust tampering image detection. First, this paradigm is designed to adaptively highlight tampering features through frequency conversion and learnable weight. Second, a feature fusion module is developed to filter redundant features and dynamically fuse two-branch features. Experiments on eight typical datasets demonstrate that our model has advantages over state-of-the-art algorithms, and our paradigm can well empower semantic segmentation networks for tampering detection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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A Hybrid Vectorized Merge Sort on ARM NEON 24th

A Hybrid Vectorized Merge Sort on ARM NEON

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24th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2024

作者： Zhou, Jincheng Zhang, Jin Zhang, Xiang Xiao, Tiaojie Ma, Di Gong, Chunye School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha410114 China College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China Laboratory of Digitizing Software for Frontier Equipment National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China National Supercomputer Center in Tianjin Tianjin300457 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819615506

Sorting algorithms are the most extensively researched topics in computer science and serve for numerous practical applications. Although various sorts have been proposed for efficiency, different architectures offer distinct flavors to the implementation of parallel sorting. In this paper, we propose a hybrid vectorized merge sort on ARM NEON, named NEON Merge Sort for short (NEON-MS). In detail, according to the granted register functions, we first identify the optimal register number to avoid the register-to-memory access, due to the write-back of intermediate outcomes. More importantly, following the generic merge sort framework that primarily uses sorting network for column sort and merging networks for three types of vectorized merge, we further improve their structures for high efficiency in an unified asymmetry way: 1) it makes the optimal sorting networks with few comparators become possible;2) hybrid implementation of both serial and vectorized merges incurs the pipeline with merge instructions highly interleaved. Experiments on a single FT2000+ core show that NEON-MS is 3.8 and 2.1 times faster than std::sort and boost::block_sort, respectively, on average. Additionally, as compared to the parallel version of the latter, NEON-MS gains an average speedup of 1.25. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Memory architecture

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SLAM: Towards Efficient Multilingual Reasoning via Selective Language Alignment 31

SLAM: Towards Efficient Multilingual Reasoning via Selective...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Fan, Yuchun Mu, Yongyu Wang, Yilin Huang, Lei Ruan, Junhao Li, Bei Xiao, Tong Huang, Shujian Feng, Xiaocheng Zhu, Jingbo NLP Lab School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China NiuTrans Research Shenyang China Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Meituan Inc. National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Despite the significant improvements achieved by large language models (LLMs) in English reasoning tasks, these models continue to struggle with multilingual reasoning. Recent studies leverage a full-parameter and two-stage training paradigm to teach models to first understand non-English questions and then reason. However, this method suffers from both substantial computational resource computing and catastrophic forgetting. The fundamental cause is that, with the primary goal of enhancing multilingual comprehension, an excessive number of irrelevant layers and parameters are tuned during the first stage. Given our findings that the representation learning of languages is merely conducted in lower-level layers, we propose an efficient multilingual reasoning alignment approach that precisely identifies and fine-tunes the layers responsible for handling multilingualism. Experimental results show that our method, SLAM, only tunes 6 layers' feed-forward sub-layers including 6.5−8% of all parameters within 7B and 13B LLMs, achieving superior average performance than all strong baselines across 10 languages. Meanwhile, SLAM only involves one training stage, reducing training time by 4.1 − 11.9× compared to the two-stage method. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Optimizing Secure Multi-User ISAC Systems With STAR-RIS: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for 6G Networks

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 31472-31484页

作者： Kamal, Mian Muhammad Zain Ul Abideen, Syed Al-Khasawneh, M.A. Alabrah, Amerah Sohail Ahmed Larik, Raja Irfan Marwat, Muhammad Southeast University School of Electronic Science and Engineering Jiangning Jiangsu Nanjing211189 China Qingdao University College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao266071 China Al-Ahliyya Amman University Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Amman19111 Jordan Skyline University College School of Computing University City Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates King Saud University College of Computer and Information Science Department of Information Systems Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia Ilma University Department of Computer Science Sindh Karachi75190 Pakistan University of Science and Technology Bannu Department of Software Engineering Bannu28100 Pakistan

The rapid evolution of wireless communication technologies and the increasing demand for multi-functional systems have led to the emergence of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) as a key enabler for future 6G networks. Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) have recently garnered significant attention for their ability to enhance signal coverage and improve system efficiency. This paper investigates a STAR-RIS-assisted ISAC system designed to secure communication for multiple legitimate users (LUs) while safeguarding against multiple eavesdroppers (Eves). By jointly optimizing the base station (BS) transmit beamforming, STAR-RIS transmission and reflection coefficients, and receive filters, the proposed framework aims to maximize the long-term average secrecy rate for all LUs. Constraints are imposed to ensure minimum echo signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for sensing and meet the achievable rate requirements of LUs. To address the inherent complexity of this non-convex problem, two deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms are proposed. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves significant improvements in secrecy rate compared to conventional RIS setups. This work provides a scalable and efficient approach for secure multi-user ISAC systems, making it highly relevant for future 6G networks, smart cities, and IoT applications. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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An Intelligent Machine Learning Approach for Prediction of Road Accident Severity 3

An Intelligent Machine Learning Approach for Prediction of R...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics: Developments and Applications, ICIDeA 2025

作者： Ragam, Prashanth Rahul, Namana Sri Balaji, Pandi Jyothi, Sankati Danaveni, Pavithra School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT-AP University Andhra Pradesh Amaravati India VIT-AP University Software Development Cell Andhra Pradesh Amaravati522237 India Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Telangana Hyderabad500090 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533205

Road accidents are a primary global concern for public safety, with India having a very high death toll. This study presents an intelligent machine learning approach to predict the severity of road accidents, contributing to the development of more effective and preventive measures. We utilized a comprehensive dataset of road accidents in India, employing advanced machine learning algorithms, including Histogram-based Gradient Boosting (HGB), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). Our methodology involved extensive data pre-processing, feature engineering, and model optimization. The Random Forest algorithm demonstrated superior performance, achieving an accuracy of 94.7% and an F1-score of 0.947. This research provides a robust predictive model and information on the key factors influencing the accident's severity. The novelty of our approach lies in the comprehensive feature engineering tailored to the Indian context and the application of ensemble learning techniques to capture complex, nonlinear relationships in accident data. The findings of this study have significant implications for policymakers, urban planners, and law enforcement agencies in their efforts to improve road safety. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Highway accidents

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Design of AXI Bus-Based IP Core for Image Processing 12th

Design of AXI Bus-Based IP Core for Image Processing

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12th CCF Conference on BigData, BigData 2024

作者： Chen, Yutong Yi, Zhongchao Li, Xuqiang Chen, Xingyan Chen, Yanjiang School of Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Hefei China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819610235

This study addresses the significant issue of image blur through image restoration techniques that reduce or remove blur and detect blurry regions, improving image quality and analysis potential. Utilizing FPGA-based digital hardware systems, the research leverages FPGA-supported systems like ZYNQ and ARM, using the Advanced eXtensible Interface (AXI) and Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) for streamlined device communication. The design incorporates specialized Intellectual Property (IP) cores such as Square Root (Sqrt) and Shift RAM, tailored to overcome the limitations of development cycles and processing algorithms, focusing on portability across various platforms including domestic FPGAs. The practical implementation features modules for axis-stream transmission, RGB to YUV conversion, image smoothing using Gaussian, mean, and median filters, advanced image processing with Sobel edge detection, and erosion-dilation modules. A ZYNQ verification system with an OV5640 camera and HDMI output substantiates the functionality and efficiency of the designed IP core, which is further analyzed for resource and power consumption using a High-Level Synthesis (HLS) tool. The study successfully demonstrates a robust IP core for blurry image processing, significantly enhancing the field of image processing and embedded systems, laying a strong groundwork for future advancements and porting endeavors, and highlighting the efficacy of FPGA-based image processing solutions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Median filters

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