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Aligning enhanced feature representation for generalized zero-shot learning

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 74-88页

作者： Zhiyu FANG Xiaobin ZHU Chun YANG Hongyang ZHOU Jingyan QIN Xu-Cheng YIN School of Computer & Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Constructing an effective common latent embedding by aligning the latent spaces of cross-modal variational autoencoders（VAEs） is a popular strategy for generalized zero-shot learning（GZSL）. However, due to the lack of fine-grained instance-wise annotations, existing VAE methods can easily suffer from the posterior collapse problem. In this paper, we propose an innovative asymmetric VAE network by aligning enhanced feature representation（AEFR） for GZSL. Distinguished from general VAE structures, we designed two asymmetric encoders for visual and semantic observations and one decoder for visual reconstruction. Specifically, we propose a simple yet effective gated attention mechanism（GAM） in the visual encoder for enhancing the information interaction between observations and latent variables, alleviating the possible posterior collapse problem effectively. In addition, we propose a novel distributional decoupling-based contrastive learning（D2-CL） to guide learning classification-relevant information while aligning the representations at the taxonomy level in the latent representation space. Extensive experiments on publicly available datasets demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of our method. The source code is available at https://***/seeyourmind/AEFR.

关键词： generalized zero-shot learning gated attention mechanism contrastive learning multi-modal alignment

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A Novel Certificateless Signature-based Access Control Scheme for Named In-network Computing Service

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer Science 2025年第1期52卷 38-45页

作者： Li, Wanji Liu, Qiangbin Zhu, Yi School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering the Dean of Department of Communication Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China

Named in-network computing service (NICS) is a potential computing paradigm emerged recently. Benefitted from the characteristics of named addressing and routing, NICS can be flexibly deployed on NDN router side and provide nearby computing service to Internet users. But the NICS feature of dynamic deployment also causes serious security risk of access control. How to independently check out the subscription relationship between requester and requested computing service on NICS side become a challenge. To solve this problem, we propose a novel certificateless signature-based access control scheme (CS-ACS) in this paper. In CS-ACS, the entire user public-private key pairs consist of two parts, user side and source server side. Where, the user public-private key pairs (server side) are generated according to the user ID, service subscription relationship and subscription expiration time. Based on this special design, when authorized user signs the interest packet of invoking specific service using its private key, the NICS can verify the signature then check out whether the requester is a valid subscriber and the subscription is expired or not. Simulation results show that, comparing with fundamental solutions, CS-ACS can avoid extra secret key storage cost on NICS side and markedly shorten authentication delay. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Authentication

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Analysis of radiation diffusion of COVID-19 driven by social attributes

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第1期33卷 773-779页

作者：年福忠杨晓晨师亚勇 Lanzhou University of Technology School of Computer&CommunicationLanzhou 730050China University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Computer&Communication EngineeringBeijing 100083China

This paper first estimated the infectious capacity of COVID-19 based on the time series evolution data of confirmed cases in multiple countries. Then, a method to infer the cross-regional spread speed of COVID-19 was introduced in this paper, which took the gross domestic product(GDP) of each region as one of the factors that affect the spread speed of COVID-19 and studied the relationship between the GDP and the infection density of each region(China's Mainland, the United States, and EU countries). In addition, the geographic distance between regions was also considered in this method and the effect of geographic distance on the spread speed of COVID-19 was studied. Studies have shown that the probability of mutual infection of these two regions decreases with increasing geographic distance. Therefore, this paper proposed an epidemic disease spread index based on GDP and geographic distance to quantify the spread speed of COVID-19 in a region. The analysis results showed a strong correlation between the epidemic disease spread index in a region and the number of confirmed cases. This finding provides reasonable suggestions for the control of epidemics. Strengthening the control measures in regions with higher epidemic disease spread index can effectively control the spread of epidemics.

关键词： COVID-19 basic reproduction number gross domestic product(GDP) geographic distance cross-regional spread

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Endogenous Security Formal Definition,Innovation Mechanisms,and Experiment Research in Industrial Internet

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 492-505页

作者： Hongsong Chen Xintong Han Yiying Zhang School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

With the rapid development of information technologies,industrial Internet has become more open,and security issues have become more *** endogenous security mechanism can achieve the autonomous immune mechanism without prior ***,endogenous security lacks a scientific and formal definition in industrial ***,firstly we give a formal definition of endogenous security in industrial Internet and propose a new industrial Internet endogenous security architecture with cost ***,the endogenous security innovation mechanism is clearly ***,an improved clone selection algorithm based on federated learning is ***,we analyze the threat model of the industrial Internet identity authentication scenario,and propose cross-domain authentication mechanism based on endogenous key and zero-knowledge *** conduct identity authentication experiments based on two types of blockchains and compare their experimental *** on the experimental analysis,Ethereum alliance blockchain can be used to provide the identity resolution services on the industrial *** of Things Application(IOTA)public blockchain can be used for data aggregation analysis of Internet of Things(IoT)edge ***,we propose three core challenges and solutions of endogenous security in industrial Internet and give future development directions.

关键词： industrial Internet endogenous security architecture federated learning blockchain

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Defending Federated Learning System from Poisoning Attacks via Efficient Unlearning

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 239-258页

作者： Long Cai Ke Gu Jiaqi Lei School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China

Large-scale neural networks-based federated learning(FL)has gained public recognition for its effective capabilities in distributed ***,the open system architecture inherent to federated learning systems raises concerns regarding their vulnerability to potential *** attacks turn into a major menace to federated learning on account of their concealed property and potent destructive *** altering the local model during routine machine learning training,attackers can easily contaminate the global *** detection and aggregation solutions mitigate certain threats,but they are still insufficient to completely eliminate the influence generated by ***,federated unlearning that can remove unreliable models while maintaining the accuracy of the global model has become a *** some existing federated unlearning approaches are rather difficult to be applied in large neural network models because of their high computational ***,we propose SlideFU,an efficient anti-poisoning attack federated unlearning *** primary concept of SlideFU is to employ sliding window to construct the training process,where all operations are confined within the *** design a malicious detection scheme based on principal component analysis(PCA),which calculates the trust factors between compressed models in a low-cost way to eliminate unreliable *** confirming that the global model is under attack,the system activates the federated unlearning process,calibrates the gradients based on the updated direction of the calibration *** on two public datasets demonstrate that our scheme can recover a robust model with extremely high efficiency.

关键词： Federated learning malicious client detection model recovery machine unlearning

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PriChain: Efficient Privacy-Preserving Fine-Grained Redactable Blockchains in Decentralized Settings

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 82-97页

作者： Hongchen Guo Weilin Gan Mingyang Zhao Chuan Zhang Tong Wu Liehuang Zhu Jingfeng Xue School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Recently, redactable blockchain has been proposed and leveraged in a wide range of real systems for its unique properties of decentralization, traceability, and transparency while ensuring controllable on-chain data redaction. However, the development of redactable blockchain is now obstructed by three limitations, which are data privacy breaches, high communication overhead, and low searching efficiency, respectively. In this paper, we propose PriChain, the first efficient privacy-preserving fine-grained redactable blockchain in decentralized settings. PriChain provides data owners with rights to control who can read and redact on-chain data while maintaining downward compatibility, ensuring the one who can redact will be able to read. Specifically, inspired by the concept of multi-authority attribute-based encryption, we utilize the isomorphism of the access control tree, realizing fine-grained redaction mechanism, downward compatibility, and collusion resistance. With the newly designed structure, PriChain can realize O（n） communication and storage overhead compared to prior O（n2） schemes. Furthermore, we integrate multiple access trees into a tree-based dictionary, optimizing searching efficiency. Theoretical analysis proves that PriChain is secure against the chosen-plaintext attack and has competitive complexity. The experimental evaluations show that PriChain realizes 10× efficiency improvement of searching and 100× lower communication and storage overhead on average compared with existing schemes.

关键词： Resistance Access control Data privacy Dictionaries Blockchains Encryption Complexity theory Usability Protection

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Byzantine Robust Federated Learning Scheme Based on Backdoor Triggers

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2813-2831页

作者： Zheng Yang Ke Gu Yiming Zuo School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China

Federated learning is widely used to solve the problem of data decentralization and can provide privacy protectionfor data owners. However, since multiple participants are required in federated learning, this allows attackers tocompromise. Byzantine attacks pose great threats to federated learning. Byzantine attackers upload maliciouslycreated local models to the server to affect the prediction performance and training speed of the global model. Todefend against Byzantine attacks, we propose a Byzantine robust federated learning scheme based on backdoortriggers. In our scheme, backdoor triggers are embedded into benign data samples, and then malicious localmodels can be identified by the server according to its validation dataset. Furthermore, we calculate the adjustmentfactors of local models according to the parameters of their final layers, which are used to defend against datapoisoning-based Byzantine attacks. To further enhance the robustness of our scheme, each localmodel is weightedand aggregated according to the number of times it is identified as malicious. Relevant experimental data showthat our scheme is effective against Byzantine attacks in both independent identically distributed (IID) and nonindependentidentically distributed (non-IID) scenarios.

关键词： Federated learning Byzantine attacks backdoor triggers

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Residual multimodal Transformer for expression-EEG fusion continuous emotion recognition

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第5期9卷 1290-1304页

作者： Xiaofang Jin Jieyu Xiao Libiao Jin Xinruo Zhang College of Information and Communication Engineering Communication University of ChinaBeijingChina School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of EssexColchesterUK

Continuous emotion recognition is to predict emotion states through affective information and more focus on the continuous variation of emotion. Fusion of electroencephalography (EEG) and facial expressions videos has been used in this field, while there are with some limitations in current researches, such as hand-engineered features, simple approaches to integration. Hence, a new continuous emotion recognition model is proposed based on the fusion of EEG and facial expressions videos named residual multimodal Transformer (RMMT). Firstly, the Resnet50 and temporal convolutional network (TCN) are utilised to extract spatiotemporal features from videos, and the TCN is also applied to process the computed EEG frequency power to acquire spatiotemporal features of EEG. Then, a multimodal Transformer is used to fuse the spatiotemporal features from the two modalities. Furthermore, a residual connection is introduced to fuse shallow features with deep features which is verified to be effective for continuous emotion recognition through experiments. Inspired by knowledge distillation, the authors incorporate feature-level loss into the loss function to further enhance the network performance. Experimental results show that the RMMT reaches a superior performance over other methods for the MAHNOB-HCI dataset. Ablation studies on the residual connection and loss function in the RMMT demonstrate that both of them is functional.

关键词： facial expression recognition human-machine interaction information fusion physiology regression analysis

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A Transferable-experience-based Routing Mechanism for Named Computing Power Network

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer Science 2025年第4期52卷 1235-1243页

作者： Dai, Yakai Zhu, Yi School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China

Computing-aware routing is the core technology of Computing Power Network. Through independently determining the forwarding target in each router, computingaware routing aims at scheduling the computing task to an optimal Computing Service Provider (CSP). However, current computing-aware routing schemes only depend on the collected computing and network resource information, do not consider the experience of CSPs in handling similar tasks, resulting in excessive invocation time. Facing this problem, this paper proposes a novel routing mechanism based on transfer learning experience in named computing power network (NRS-TLE). NRS-TLE introduces the accuracy of trained classification models as the experience of CSP, and design a tcce-function to evaluate the task completion capabilities of different CSPs at NDN routers. Based on the evaluation results of the tcce- function, NDN routers further perform a probabilistic routing scheme. The simulation results show that, comparing with traditional routing scheme SAC-NSGA-II, the computing service invocation time under NRS-TLE will decrease by a minimum of 26.42% and a maximum of 40.22%. © 2025 IAENG International Journal of computer Science

关键词： Computing power

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Lightweight Cross-Modal Multispectral Pedestrian Detection Based on Spatial Reweighted Attention Mechanism

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4071-4089页

作者： Lujuan Deng Ruochong Fu Zuhe Li Boyi Liu Mengze Xue Yuhao Cui School of Computer and Communication Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450002China

Multispectral pedestrian detection technology leverages infrared images to provide reliable information for visible light images, demonstrating significant advantages in low-light conditions and background occlusion scenarios. However, while continuously improving cross-modal feature extraction and fusion, ensuring the model’s detection speed is also a challenging issue. We have devised a deep learning network model for cross-modal pedestrian detection based on Resnet50, aiming to focus on more reliable features and enhance the model’s detection efficiency. This model employs a spatial attention mechanism to reweight the input visible light and infrared image data, enhancing the model’s focus on different spatial positions and sharing the weighted feature data across different modalities, thereby reducing the interference of multi-modal features. Subsequently, lightweight modules with depthwise separable convolution are incorporated to reduce the model’s parameter count and computational load through channel-wise and point-wise convolutions. The network model algorithm proposed in this paper was experimentally validated on the publicly available KAIST dataset and compared with other existing methods. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves favorable performance in various complex environments, affirming the effectiveness of the multispectral pedestrian detection technology proposed in this paper.

关键词： Multispectral pedestrian detection convolutional neural networks depth separable convolution spatially reweighted attention mechanism

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