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SPUFChain: Permissioned Blockchain Lightweight Authentication Scheme for Supply Chain Management Using PUF of IoT

IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 88662-88682页

作者： Assaqty, Mohammad Iqbal Saryuddin Gao, Ying Alqarni, Abeer D. Khan, Siraj Chakraborty, Mohuya Siddiqi, Hafied Nur Ahmad, Sadique South China University of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou510006 China Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Jakarta10320 Indonesia College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Department of Information Technology PO Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Shenzhen University College of Computer Science & Software Engineering Shenzhen518060 China University of Engineering and Management Cybersecurity Centre of Excellence Kolkata700160 India Prince Sultan University EIAS Data Science and Blockchain Laboratory CCIS Riyadh12435 Saudi Arabia

The complexity of the entire process of supply chain management (SCM) is quite cumbersome and traditional way of handling it is devoid of proper authentication and security and very often suffers from human errors in dealing with flaws in quality control process of SCM. While it may have started with shipment tracking, the outcome of using IoT on supply chains has spread to every link in the chain. For instance, manufacturers are employing Internet-enabled sensors in production to find product faults, resulting in higher-quality production runs. Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is a security mechanism that exploits the unique, unrepeatable physical characteristics of hardware components to generate distinct cryptographic keys or identifiers, typically for a semiconductor device like an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The unique identification of IoT devices along the supply chain is implemented by using PUFs as tamper-resistant IDs. Blockchain, the distributed, immutable ledger, on the other hand is the disruptive technology that provides higher security as compared to traditional centralized systems. The integration of PUF and blockchain proves to be quite interesting while handling the above issues of authentication. A smart contract on the blockchain is a software code that executes spontaneously as and when the conditions of the contract or agreement are satisfied. Hence after authentication process the results are fed to blockchain smart contract for the final validation. This paper presents a novel permissioned blockchain smart contract-based lightweight authentication scheme for SCM using PUF of IoT known as SPUFChain. Informal and formal security analysis (using AVISPA and BAN logic) of the proposed framework show its potential to combat several attack scenarios like man-in-the middle, non-repudiation, impersonation, replay attacks and many other security features as compared to other related schemes. The processing time (~13.8ms) is better than existing

关键词： Supply chain management

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Stitching, Fine-tuning, Re-training: A SAM-enabled Framework for Semi-supervised 3D Medical Image Segmentation

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Li, Shumeng Qi, Lei Yu, Qian Huo, Jing Shi, Yinghuan Gao, Yang Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology China Nanjing University National Institute of Healthcare Data Science China School of Computer Science and Engineering China Shandong Women's University School of Data and Computer Science China

Segment Anything Model (SAM) fine-tuning has shown remarkable performance in medical image segmentation in a fully supervised manner, but requires precise annotations. To reduce the annotation cost and maintain satisfactory performance, in this work, we leverage the capabilities of SAM for establishing semi-supervised medical image segmentation models. Rethinking the requirements of effectiveness, efficiency, and compatibility, we propose a three-stage framework, i.e., Stitching, Fine-tuning, and Re-training (SFR). The current fine-tuning approaches mostly involve 2D slice-wise fine-tuning that disregards the contextual information between adjacent slices. Our stitching strategy mitigates the mismatch between natural and 3D medical images. The stitched images are then used for fine-tuning SAM, providing robust initialization of pseudo-labels. Afterwards, we train a 3D semi-supervised segmentation model while maintaining the same parameter size as the conventional segmenter such as V-Net. Our SFR framework is plug-and-play, and easily compatible with various popular semi-supervised methods. We also develop an extended framework SFR+ with selective fine-tuning and re-training through confidence estimation. Extensive experiments validate that our SFR and SFR+ achieve significant improvements in both moderate annotation and scarce annotation across five datasets. In particular, SFR framework improves the Dice score of Mean Teacher from 29.68% to 74.40% with only one labeled data of LA dataset. The code is available at https://***/ShumengLI/SFR. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Lead-cnn: lightweight enhanced dimension reduction convolutional neural network for brain tumor classification

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International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics 2025年 1-20页

作者： Khan, Saif Ur Rehman Asif, Sohaib Bilal, Omair Rehman, Hafeez Ur School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University 932 Lushan S Rd Yuelu District Hunan Changsha China School of Computing and Data Sciences Oryx Universal College with Liverpool John Moores University Doha Qatar Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Islamabad Pakistan Taizhou Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy & Artificial Intelligence Taizhou Campus of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Taizhou Cancer Hospital Taizhou317502 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Taizhou317502 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou310022 China

In many nations, brain tumors are among the most serious medical conditions affecting both adults and children. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial, as the life of a patient may be shortened if brain tumors are not identified promptly. When brain tumors are diagnosed accurately and promptly, patients can receive the appropriate treatment. One of the challenging aspects of dealing with brain tumors is their diversity, making it difficult to categorize them accurately due to their varying characteristics. Deep learning (DL) models have emerged as a valuable tool in classifying brain tumors into distinct groups. However, these models face challenges related to accuracy and computational cost, necessitating advancements in brain image classification. Our primary aim is to develop a lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture that offers high efficiency, we incorporate a modified dimension reduction block with CNN to detect brain cancers with minimal computational resources while maintaining a high level of accuracy. In this research, we introduce a novel lightweight network called LEAD-CNN, designed specifically for the accurate and reliable identification of brain cancers from magnetic resonance images (MRI). Our approach begins by evaluating the effectiveness of several pre-trained DL models, including ResNet-101, VGG-19, MobileNet-V1, and DenseNet-201, which have been recommended for the classification of medical images. Subsequently, we propose a dimension reduction base CNN architecture with a lightweight design aimed at achieving a low false-negative rate in tumor image classification for patients. To assess the performance of the proposed model, we utilize a benchmark brain MRI dataset (Kaggle) comprising 7023 images, encompassing three different types of brain tumors long with normal brain images. Our experimental results are demonstrating an overall classification accuracy of 98.70%, with an average recall, F1-score, and precision of 98.60%

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Exploring blockchain solutions: Integrating cryptocurrency with IoT for enhanced security

Exploring blockchain solutions: Integrating cryptocurrency w...

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2025 International Conference on Pervasive Computational Technologies, ICPCT 2025

作者： Shravan, M. Kakad, Shital Mulani, Umar M Sharma, Geeti Tiwari, Mohit Mary Shiba, C. Sr University School of Business Telangana Warangal India Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Maharashtra Pune India Kj College of Engineering and Management Research Pune India India Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Delhi Delhi India R.M.K Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Thiruvallur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508685

Blockchain, initially developed as the underlying technology for Bitcoin, has garnered significant attention for its applications beyond cryptocurrency, particularly in complex non-monetary domains. Utilizing cryptographic methods like hashing and asymmetric encryption, combined with a distributed consensus model, Blockchain-based ledgers achieve high levels of security and immutability, effectively removing the need for third-party intermediaries. Meanwhile, the rapid growth in Internet of Things (IoT) devices being connected to networks raises substantial concerns around security and privacy. Addressing these security challenges is essential for the expanding IoT landscape. This paper explores the blockchain solution by integrating cryptocurrency with IoT for enhanced security, reviewing recent studies and applications to evaluate Blockchain's role in IoT security, pinpoint challenges, and propose Blockchain-driven solutions to improve security in the IoT ecosystem. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain Cryptocurrency Internet of Things privacy Security

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AVP-AP: Self-supervised Automatic View Positioning in 3D cardiac CT via Atlas Prompting

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Fan, Xiaolin Wang, Yan Zhang, Yingying Bao, Mingkun Jia, Bosen Lu, Dong Gu, Yifan Cheng, Jian Zhu, Haogang Beihang University School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beijing100191 China Beihang University Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Hangzhou311115 China Beihang University School of Computer Science and Engineering Data Beijing100191 China Victoria University of Wellington School of Biological Sciences Wellington6012 New Zealand School of Computer Science and Engineering Data Beijing100191 China

Automatic view positioning is crucial for cardiac computed tomography (CT) examinations, including disease diagnosis and surgical planning. However, it is highly challenging due to individual variability and large 3D search space. Existing work needs labor-intensive and time-consuming manual annotations to train view-specific models, which are limited to predicting only a fixed set of planes. However, in real clinical scenarios, the challenge of positioning semantic 2D slices with any orientation into varying coordinate space in arbitrary 3D volume remains unsolved. We thus introduce a novel framework, AVP-AP, the first to use Atlas Prompting for self-supervised Automatic View Positioning in the 3D CT volume. Specifically, this paper first proposes an atlas prompting method, which generates a 3D canonical atlas and trains a network to map slices into their corresponding positions in the atlas space via a self-supervised manner. Then, guided by atlas prompts corresponding to the given query images in a reference CT, we identify the coarse positions of slices in the target CT volume using rigid transformation between the 3D atlas and target CT volume, effectively reducing the search space. Finally, we refine the coarse positions by maximizing the similarity between the predicted slices and the query images in the feature space of a given foundation model. Our framework is flexible and efficient compared to other methods, outperforming other methods by 19.8% average structural similarity (SSIM) in arbitrary view positioning and achieving 9% SSIM in two-chamber view compared to four radiologists. Meanwhile, experiments on a public dataset validate our framework’s generalizability. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： computerized tomography

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Advanced AI & ML Applications in Satellite Image Processing & Industry

Advanced AI & ML Applications in Satellite Image Processing ...

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Disruptive Technologies (ICDT), International Conference on

作者： Raj Kishor Verma Ayush Chaudhary Harsh Bhati Gagan Bisht School of computer science & Engineering Galgotias University Gr. Noida Computer Science & Engineering Data Science ABES Institute of Technology Ghaziabad India

ISBN: (数字)9798331519582

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519599

By integrating advanced artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into satellite image processing, a number of industries standard to benefit in kinds of artificial intelligence and machine learning used for geoanalysis. Decades-old image processing processes are beginning to be invaded by robots. Using ML and AI to process satellite images provides a lot of new AI powered imaginations that can monitor environmental change, support disaster response and plan city layouts. Such development in the precision of techniques such as object classification, object detection and pixel detection make the analysis of image sequences from satellites possible and rapid. Enhancement of task accuracy and observability. Widely used in fields like greenhouse gas surveillance, changes in land use trends and the natural habitats of animals. In addition to introducing AI methodologies into high resolved satellite data, obvious advantages are brought to both decision making and environmental sustainability in many fields. As countries put satellites in orbit and their images become more readily accessible to the public, the opportunities for AI-driven applications of satellite image data are expected to increase, offering significant advancements in such fields as global development and resource management. This paper discusses such earth-moving applications and looks at how the future of artificial intelligence (AI) is being impacted by all this.

关键词： Industries Satellites PSNR Image resolution Accuracy Surveillance Urban planning Machine learning Satellite images Standards

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Image segmentation via two-step deep variational priors

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Pattern Recognition Letters 2025年 195卷 44-50页

作者： Tan, Lu Tai, Xue-Cheng Li, Ling Liu, Wan-Quan Chan, Raymond H. Hong, Dan-Feng School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Bengbu University Bengbu Anhui China Bergen Norway Curtin University Perth Australia School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen China Department of Operations and Risk Management and School of Data Science Lingnan University Tuen Mun Hong Kong Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering Hong Kong Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This paper proposes an iterative deep variational approach for image segmentation in a fusion manner: it is not only able to realize selective segmentation, but can also alleviate the issue of parameter/initialization dependency. Moreover, it possesses a refinement process designed to handle challenging scenarios, such as images containing obscured, damaged, or absent objects, or those with complex backgrounds. Our proposed approach consists of two main procedures, i.e., selective segmentation and shape transformation. The first procedure works as a stem in a totally unsupervised way. A convolutional neural network (CNN) based architecture is properly incorporated into the selective weighting constrained variational segmentation model. The second procedure is to further refine the outputs. This part can be achieved in two ways: one direction is to establish a joint model with the semantic shape constraint. The other technical direction is to make the shape descriptor separated from the joint model and work as an individual unit. In the proposed approach, the minimization problem is transformed from iterative minimization for each variable to automatically minimizing the loss function by learning the generator network parameters. This also leads to a good inductive bias associated with classic variational methods. Extensive experiments have demonstrated the significant advantages. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Efficient Twin Migration in Vehicular Metaverses: Multi-Agent Split Deep Reinforcement Learning with Spatio-Temporal Trajectory Generation

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年

作者： Chen, Junlong Kang, Jiawen Xu, Minrui Wu, Fan Zhang, Hongliang Huang, Huawei Niyato, Dusit Mao, Shiwen Guangdong University of Technology School of Automation Guangzhou China Nanyang Technological University School of Computing and Data Science Singapore Singapore Central South University School of Computer Science and Engineering Changsha China Peking University School of Electronics Beijing China Sun Yat-Sen University School of Data and Computer Science Guangzhou China Auburn University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn United States

Vehicle Twins (VTs) as digital representations of vehicles can provide users with immersive experiences in vehicular metaverse applications, e.g., Augmented Reality (AR) navigation and embodied intelligence. VT migration is an effective way that migrates the VT when the locations of physical entities keep changing to maintain seamless immersive VT services. However, an efficient VT migration is challenging due to the rapid movement of vehicles, dynamic workloads of Roadside Units (RSUs), and heterogeneous resources of the RSUs. To achieve efficient migration decisions and a minimum latency for the VT migration, we propose a multi-agent split Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) framework combined with spatio-temporal trajectory generation. In this framework, multiple split DRL agents utilize split architecture to efficiently determine VT migration decisions. Furthermore, we propose a spatio-temporal trajectory generation algorithm based on trajectory datasets and road network data to simulate vehicle trajectories, enhancing the generalization of the proposed scheme for managing VT migration in dynamic network environments. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme not only enhances the Quality of Experience (QoE) by 29% but also reduces the computational parameter count by approximately 25% while maintaining similar performances, enhancing users' immersive experiences in vehicular metaverses. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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5DGWO-GAN:A Novel Five-Dimensional Gray Wolf Optimizer for Generative Adversarial Network-Enabled Intrusion Detection in IoT Systems

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 881-911页

作者： Sarvenaz Sadat Khatami Mehrdad Shoeibi Anita Ershadi Oskouei Diego Martín Maral Keramat Dashliboroun Department of Data Science Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA The WPI Business School Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA 01609USA School of Systems and Enterprises Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030USA Department of Computer Science Escuela de Ingeniería Informática de SegoviaUniversidad de ValladolidSegovia40005Spain Ernest G.Welch School of Art&Design Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30303USA

The Internet of Things(IoT)is integral to modern infrastructure,enabling connectivity among a wide range of devices from home automation to industrial control *** the exponential increase in data generated by these interconnected devices,robust anomaly detection mechanisms are *** detection in this dynamic environment necessitates methods that can accurately distinguish between normal and anomalous behavior by learning intricate *** paper presents a novel approach utilizing generative adversarial networks(GANs)for anomaly detection in IoT ***,optimizing GANs involves tuning hyper-parameters such as learning rate,batch size,and optimization algorithms,which can be challenging due to the non-convex nature of GAN loss *** address this,we propose a five-dimensional Gray wolf optimizer(5DGWO)to optimize GAN *** 5DGWO introduces two new types of wolves:gamma(γ)for improved exploitation and convergence,and theta(θ)for enhanced exploration and escaping local *** proposed system framework comprises four key stages:1)preprocessing,2)generative model training,3)autoencoder(AE)training,and 4)predictive model *** generative models are utilized to assist the AE training,and the final predictive models(including convolutional neural network(CNN),deep belief network(DBN),recurrent neural network(RNN),random forest(RF),and extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost))are trained using the generated data and AE-encoded *** evaluated the system on three benchmark datasets:NSL-KDD,UNSW-NB15,and *** conducted on diverse IoT datasets show that our method outperforms existing anomaly detection strategies and significantly reduces false *** 5DGWO-GAN-CNNAE exhibits superior performance in various metrics,including accuracy,recall,precision,root mean square error(RMSE),and convergence *** proposed 5DGWO-GAN-CNNAE achieved the lowest RMSE values across the NSL-KDD,UNSW-NB15,and

关键词： Internet of things intrusion detection generative adversarial networks five-dimensional binary gray wolf optimizer deep learning

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Decomposing and Fusing Intra- and Inter-Sensor Spatio-Temporal Signal for Multi-Sensor Wearable Human Activity Recognition

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xie, Haoyu Li, Haoxuan Zheng, Chunyuan Yuan, Haonan Liao, Guorui Liao, Jun Liu, Li School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University China Center for Data Science Peking University China School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University China

Wearable Human Activity Recognition (WHAR) is a prominent research area within ubiquitous computing. Multi-sensor synchronous measurement has proven to be more effective for WHAR than using a single sensor. However, existing WHAR methods use shared convolutional kernels for indiscriminate temporal feature extraction across each sensor variable, which fails to effectively capture spatio-temporal relationships of intra-sensor and inter-sensor variables. We propose the DecomposeWHAR model consisting of a decomposition phase and a fusion phase to better model the relationships between modality variables. The decomposition creates high-dimensional representations of each intra-sensor variable through the improved Depth Separable Convolution to capture local temporal features while preserving their unique characteristics. The fusion phase begins by capturing relationships between intra-sensor variables and fusing their features at both the channel and variable levels. Long-range temporal dependencies are modeled using the State Space Model (SSM), and later cross-sensor interactions are dynamically captured through a self-attention mechanism, highlighting inter-sensor spatial correlations. Our model demonstrates superior performance on three widely used WHAR datasets, significantly outperforming state-of-the-art models while maintaining acceptable computational efficiency. Our codes and supplementary materials are available at https://***/Anakin2555/DecomposeWHAR. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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