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IET Blockchain 2023年第4期3卷 238-248页

作者： Xia, Feng Kaiye, Li Songze, Wu yan, Xin Faculty of Data Science City University of Macau Avenida Padre Tomás Pereira China School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu Univestity Zhenjiang China

The use of federated learning to achieve blockchain interoperability has become a hot topic in research, because it enables data exchange without revealing any private information. However, the previous work, such as ScaleSFL (Asia-CCS, 2022), that has implemented federated learning for blockchain interoperability, the throughput of the framework still cannot support the practical applications. Therefore, a federated learning framework based on Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) is proposed which utilizes sharding mechanism to enhance the blockchain interoperability. By constructing a weighted context graph based on data correlation, reasonable sharding of the dataset is achieved, thereby improving the efficiency of blockchain interoperability. The experimental results show that the federated framework reduces global computation in federated learning by 30% compared with other schemes, while increasing blockchain throughput by nearly 40%. © 2023 The Authors. IET Blockchain published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and Technology.

关键词： Blockchain

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MDNN:Predicting Student Engagement via Gaze Direction and Facial Expression in Collaborative Learning

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 381-401页

作者： Yi Chen Jin Zhou Qianting Gao Jing Gao Wei Zhang School of Computer Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China Computer Science School of ScienceRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroy12180USA National Engineering Laboratory of Educational Big Data Application Technology Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China

Prediction of students’engagement in aCollaborative Learning setting is essential to improve the quality of *** learning is a strategy of learning through groups or *** cooperative learning behavior occurs,each student in the group should participate in teaching *** showed that students who are actively involved in a class gain *** behavior and facial expression are important nonverbal indicators to reveal engagement in collaborative learning *** studies require the wearing of sensor devices or eye tracker devices,which have cost barriers and technical interference for daily teaching *** this paper,student engagement is automatically analyzed based on computer *** tackle the problem of engagement in collaborative learning using a multi-modal deep neural network(MDNN).We combined facial expression and gaze direction as two individual components of MDNN to predict engagement levels in collaborative learning *** multi-modal solution was evaluated in a real collaborative *** results show that the model can accurately predict students’performance in the collaborative learning environment.

关键词： Engagement facial expression deep network gaze

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Fitness Sharing Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization (FSCPSO): A Metaheuristic Approach for Allocating Dynamic Virtual Machine (VM) in Fog Computing Architecture

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2557-2578页

作者： Prasanna Kumar Kannughatta Ranganna Siddesh Gaddadevara Matt Chin-Ling Chen Ananda Babu Jayachandra Yong-Yuan Deng Department of Computer Science&Engineering Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBangalore560054India Department of Artificial Intelligence&Data Science Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBangalore560054India School of Information Engineering Changchun Sci-Tech UniversityChangchun130600China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349Taiwan Department of Information Science and Engineering Malnad College of EngineeringHassan573202India

In recent decades,fog computing has played a vital role in executing parallel computational tasks,specifically,scientific workflow *** cloud data centers,fog computing takes more time to run workflow ***,it is essential to develop effective models for Virtual Machine(VM)allocation and task scheduling in fog computing *** task scheduling,VM migration,and allocation,altogether optimize the use of computational resources across different fog *** process ensures that the tasks are executed with minimal energy consumption,which reduces the chances of resource *** this manuscript,the proposed framework comprises two phases:(i)effective task scheduling using a fractional selectivity approach and(ii)VM allocation by proposing an algorithm by the name of Fitness Sharing Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization(FSCPSO).The proposed FSCPSO algorithm integrates the concepts of chaos theory and fitness sharing that effectively balance both global exploration and local *** balance enables the use of a wide range of solutions that leads to minimal total cost and makespan,in comparison to other traditional optimization *** FSCPSO algorithm’s performance is analyzed using six evaluation measures namely,Load Balancing Level(LBL),Average Resource Utilization(ARU),total cost,makespan,energy consumption,and response *** relation to the conventional optimization algorithms,the FSCPSO algorithm achieves a higher LBL of 39.12%,ARU of 58.15%,a minimal total cost of 1175,and a makespan of 85.87 ms,particularly when evaluated for 50 tasks.

关键词： Fog computing fractional selectivity approach particle swarm optimization algorithm task scheduling virtual machine allocation

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Spatio-Temporal Dynamic Graph Convolutional Probability Sparse Attention Networks For Traffic Flow Forecasting 14

Spatio-Temporal Dynamic Graph Convolutional Probability Spar...

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14th International Conference on Information Technology in Medicine and Education, ITME 2024

作者： Chen, Linlong Chen, Linbiao Wang, Hongyan Li, Zeping School of Big Data & Information Engineering Guiyang Institute of Humanities and Technology Guiyang China Lanzhou University of Technology College of Computer & Communication Lanzhou China Big Data & Intelligent Engineering School Chongqing College of International Business and Economics Chongqing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356670

Accurate traffic flow forecasting plays a vital role in the effective management and control of intelligent transportation systems. However, existing forecasting methods face constraints due to insufficient information sharing and a limited understanding of global temporal relationships, impeding a thorough analysis of temporal and spatial features. To address this issue, we propose a novel approach called ST-DGCPSA (Spatio-Temporal Dynamic Graph Probabilistic Sparse Attention Networks) for traffic flow forecasting. This framework serves as a general forecasting solution, effectively extracting the temporal and spatial characteristics of traffic flow. Firstly, a temporal graph convolution block is constructed, treating historical time slots as graph nodes and employing graph convolution to capture flexible global temporal dependencies. Next, a dynamic graph constructor is designed to explore spatial correlations between nodes and dynamic temporal dependencies across different time points, fully extracting dynamic spatio-temporal relationships. Lastly, the spatio-temporal convolution block enhances the model's ability to capture spatial correlations, temporal dependencies, and multi-scale modeling through the probabilistic sparse attention mechanism, leading to improved forecasting accuracy. Experimental results on four real datasets demonstrate the superiority of ST-DGCPSA over existing techniques. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： data flow graphs

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MedEx: Enhancing Medical Question-Answering with First-Order Logic based Reasoning and Knowledge Injection 31

MedEx: Enhancing Medical Question-Answering with First-Order...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Zafar, Aizan Mishra, Kshitij Ekbal, Asif Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Patna India School of AI and Data Science Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

In medical question-answering, traditional knowledge triples often fail due to superfluous data and their inability to capture complex relationships between symptoms and treatments across diseases. This limits models' ability to provide accurate, contextually relevant responses. To overcome this, we introduce MedEx, which employs First-Order Logic (FOL)-based reasoning to model intricate relationships between diseases and treatments. We construct FOL-based triplets that encode the interplay of symptoms, diseases, and treatments, capturing not only surface-level data but also the logical constraints of the medical domain. MedEx encodes the discourse (questions and context) using a transformer-based unit, enhancing context comprehension. These encodings are processed by a Knowledge Injection Cell that integrates knowledge graph triples via a Graph Attention Network. The Logic Fusion Cell then combines medical-specific logical rule triples (e.g., co-occurrence, causation, diagnosis) with knowledge triples and extracts answers through a feed-forward layer. Our analysis demonstrates MedEx's effectiveness and generalization across medical question-answering tasks. By merging logical reasoning with knowledge, MedEx provides precise medical answers and adapts its logical rules based on training data nuances. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Question answering

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A survey for light field super-resolution

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High-Confidence Computing 2024年第1期4卷 118-129页

作者： Mingyuan Zhao Hao Sheng Da Yang Sizhe Wang Ruixuan Cong Zhenglong Cui Rongshan Chen Tun Wang Shuai Wang Yang Huang Jiahao Shen State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Data Science and Intelligent Computing International Innovation InstituteBeihang UniversityHangzhou 311115China State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Compared to 2D imaging data,the 4D light field(LF)data retains richer scene’s structure information,which can significantly improve the computer’s perception capability,including depth estimation,semantic segmentation,and LF ***,there is a contradiction between spatial and angular resolution during the LF image acquisition *** overcome the above problem,researchers have gradually focused on the light field super-resolution(LFSR).In the traditional solutions,researchers achieved the LFSR based on various optimization frameworks,such as Bayesian and Gaussian *** learning-based methods are more popular than conventional methods because they have better performance and more robust generalization *** this paper,the present approach can mainly divided into conventional methods and deep learning-based *** discuss these two branches in light field spatial super-resolution(LFSSR),light field angular super-resolution(LFASR),and light field spatial and angular super-resolution(LFSASR),***,this paper also introduces the primary public datasets and analyzes the performance of the prevalent approaches on these ***,we discuss the potential innovations of the LFSR to propose the progress of our research field.

关键词： Light field super-resolution Convolutional neural network Transformer Sub-aperture image Epipolar-plane image

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Empowering Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Through Multi-Tagger Collaboration 27

Empowering Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Through Multi...

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27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Zhao, Jin Xie, Jian Zhu, Tinghui Guo, Qian Li, Zhixu Xiao, Yanghua Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University China Department of Computer Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685489

Biomedical Named Entity Recognition (BioNER) plays a crucial role in automatically identifying specific categories of entities from biomedical texts. Currently, region-based methods have shown promising performance in BioNER. However, existing paradigms in the region-based methods suffer from inherent limitations, including the generation of negative samples, and the ignorance of token dependencies. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new paradigm, implemented as Token Cascade Tagger (TCT), which combines span identification and category classification. The TCT utilizes category information to enhance the correlation between the heads and tails of entities, effectively reducing the generation of negative samples. Additionally, we introduce a Token Dependency Tagger (TDT) that captures token dependencies within entity spans by identifying the longest span in a sentence. The TDT filters out incorrect spans and further improves the accuracy of span detection obtained from the TCT. Furthermore, we employ a multi-task learning framework to optimize both the TCT and TDT, leading to superior performance in BioNER. Extensive experiments on publicly available biomedical datasets demonstrate our method outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods, achieving 92.44%, 92.54%, and 81.26% on NCBI-Disease, BC5CDR, and GENIA, respectively, in terms of F1 score. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Multi-task learning

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Evaluating Cryptocurrency Market Risk on the Blockchain: An Empirical Study Using the ARMA-GARCH-VaR Model

IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society

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IEEE Open Journal of the computer Society 2024年 5卷 83-94页

作者： Huang, Yongrong Wang, Huiqing Chen, Zhide Feng, Chen Zhu, Kexin Yang, Xu Yang, Wencheng Fujian Normal University School of Computer and Cyberspace Security Fuzhou350117 China Department of Information Engineering Fuzhou Polytechnic Fuzhou350108 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan College of Computer and Data Science Minjiang University Fuzhou350108 China School of Mathematics Physics and Computing University of Southern Queensland ToowoombaQLD4350 Australia

Cryptocurrency, a novel digital asset within the blockchain technology ecosystem, has recently garnered significant attention in the investment world. Despite its growing popularity, the inherent volatility and instability of cryptocurrency investments necessitate a thorough risk evaluation. This study utilizes the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) model combined with the Generalized Autoregressive Conditionally Heteroscedastic (GARCH) model to analyze the volatility of three major cryptocurrencies-Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), and Binance Coin (BNB)-over a period from January 1, 2017, to October 29, 2022. The dataset comprises daily closing prices, offering a comprehensive view of the market's fluctuations. Our analysis revealed that the value-at-risk (VaR) curves for these cryptocurrencies demonstrate significant volatility, encompassing a broad spectrum of returns. The overall risk profile is relatively high, with ETH exhibiting the highest risk, followed by BTC and BNB. The ARMA-GARCH-VaR model has proven effective in quantifying and assessing the market risks associated with cryptocurrencies, providing valuable insights for investors and policymakers in navigating the complex landscape of digital assets. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Investments

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Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm Using Multiple Strategies 1

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14th International Symposium on Intelligence Computation and Applications, ISICA 2023

作者： Yi, Yunfei Wang, Zhiyong Shi, Yunying School of Big Data and Computer Hechi University Guangxi Yizhou546300 China College of Computer Science and Engineering Guangxi Normal University Guangxi Guilin541001 China

ISBN: (数字)9789819743933

ISBN: (纸本)9789819743926

In order to address the issues of premature convergence and low search efficiency in the basic particle swarm algorithm, this paper analyzes the improved particle swarm optimization algorithms proposed by previous researchers. Based on this analysis, a modified algorithm for particle swarm optimization is proposed. The enhanced algorithm adjusts the inertia weight parameter in a nonlinear manner and dynamically changes the self-learning factor using chaos, allowing it to continuously change during iterations and achieve better optimization results. Additionally, to prevent the algorithm from getting trapped in local optima, a mutation operation is introduced into the improved algorithm. Finally, several classical test functions are used to conduct experiments, and the results are compared with the improved particle swarm optimization algorithms described in related literature. The experimental results demonstrate that the newly proposed algorithm achieves a certain degree of improvement in optimization accuracy compared to the basic particle swarm algorithm. This indicates that the modified algorithm effectively avoids premature convergence and possesses high search efficiency. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Multi-level Knowledge Integration with Graph Convolutional Network for Cancer Molecular Subtype Classification

Multi-level Knowledge Integration with Graph Convolutional N...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2023

作者： Huang, Sujia Xiao, Shunxin Liu, Wenzhe Lu, Jielong Wu, Zhihao Wang, Shiping Rajapakse, Jagath C. Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou China Huzhou University School of Information Engineering Huzhou China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337488

Multi-omics data provides a wealth of information concerning disease mechanisms, which benefits the exploration of the intricate molecular phenomena underlying diseases. In recent years, considerable endeavors have been directed towards the combination of graph convolutional network, which has the powerful ability to gather information, with multi-omics learning methods to obtain more reliable results. For achieving this pursuit, an essential challenge is data integration. Against this backdrop, we propose a unified framework named multi-level knowledge integration with graph convolutional network, which effectively incorporates multiple prior knowledge and omics data to learn an intrinsic representation. In specific, the model consists of two subnetworks: an attribute-level module and a sample-level module. The former firstly aggregates the knowledge given by the prior biological graphs into low-dimensional embeddings, and then maximizes the consistency between these prior views via optimizing a contrastive loss for attaining the attribute-based representations. The latter leverages an encoder to dimensionalize the original multi-omics data to attain more dominant sample knowledge, and subsequently utilizes another contrastive loss to align these representations between multiple omics for learning the global sample-level information. Comprehensive experiments are performed to show that the proposed model surpasses other state-of-the-art methods. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： cancer molecular subtype classification contrastive learning graph convolutional network Multi-omics data

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