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Interdisciplinary Approaches in Technology and Management for Social Innovation (IATMSI), IEEE Conference on

作者： Disha Tuteja Anurag Sinha Deepak Chandra Uprety Dyuti Banerjee Ayushi Dewan Chetna Sharma Department of ECE College Guru Tegh Bahadur Institute of Technology Delhi India Department of Computer Science IGNOU New Delhi India Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CS) School of Computer Science in Emerging Technologies Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology Greater Noida India Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science (AI&DS) Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Green Fields Andhra Pradesh India Rawal Institutions Faridabad India Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab India

ISBN: (数字)9798331521691

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521707

The COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly spread across the globe, infecting millions of people, with no signs of slowing down. This continuous surge in cases presents a major challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. To combat the exponential rise in infections, medical researchers have primarily relied on RT-PCR testing to distinguish between COVID-19 positive and negative cases. However, this approach faces significant hurdles, particularly in low-income countries where these tests are often too expensive and inaccessible in rural areas. Another critical challenge is the shortage of skilled healthcare professionals, especially doctors and radiologists, whose expertise is in high demand for diagnosing and treating COVID-19 patients. As a result, healthcare resources have been stretched to their limits. To address these issues, innovative solutions are essential, and artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer promising possibilities. In medical diagnostics, AI, ML, and deep learning (DL) have demonstrated remarkable accuracy. This study explores the application of DL models, specifically ResNet-34 and ResNet-50, for COVID-19 detection using X-ray images. The results indicate an impressive accuracy of 96.4% with ResNet-34. To comprehensively evaluate the performance of these models, the study employs various quantitative metrics, including Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), F1 Score, Precision, and Recall. By contributing to both the effective detection of COVID-19 and addressing the shortage of healthcare professionals, this research provides a hopeful step forward in the ongoing fight against the pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Deep learning Measurement Technological innovation Accuracy Pandemics Medical services Public healthcare X-ray imaging Testing

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Jointly Part-of-Speech Tagging and Semantic Role Labeling Using Auxiliary Deep Neural Network Model

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computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第10期65卷 529-541页

作者： Yatian Shen Yubo Mai Xiajiong Shen Wenke Ding Mengjiao Guo School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210000China Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Henan UniversityKaifeng475000China Swinburne Data Science Research Institute Swinburne University of TechnologyVictoria3122Australia

Previous studies have shown that there is potential semantic dependency between part-of-speech and semantic *** the same time,the predicate-argument structure in a sentence is important information for semantic role labeling *** this work,we introduce the auxiliary deep neural network model,which models semantic dependency between part-of-speech and semantic roles and incorporates the information of predicate-argument into semantic role *** on the framework of joint learning,part-of-speech tagging is used as an auxiliary task to improve the result of the semantic role *** addition,we introduce the argument recognition layer in the training process of the main task-semantic role labeling,so the argument-related structural information selected by the predicate through the attention mechanism is used to assist the main *** the model makes full use of the semantic dependency between part-of-speech and semantic roles and the structural information of predicate-argument,our model achieved the F1 value of 89.0%on the WSJ test set of CoNLL2005,which is superior to existing state-of-the-art model about 0.8%.

关键词： Part-of-speech tagging semantic role labeling multi-task learning

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Research Progress of Network Public Opinion Based on Fuzzy Set from the Perspective of Big data 2

Research Progress of Network Public Opinion Based on Fuzzy S...

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2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and computer Science, AICS 2020

作者： Tang, Jianguo Wang, Jianghua Li, Fang School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering Chongqing China School of Computer Engineering Changji University Changji China

Granular computing is a new method of intelligent information processing. It describes knowledge and simulates human thinking mode in a granular way. It can realize the rapid transformation between different granular knowledge and is suitable for the analysis and modeling of large-scale and complex data. Fuzzy set is an important model in granular computing, which describes uncertain problems through fuzzy membership function and has been widely used in many fields such as network public opinion analysis. This paper combs the application research of fuzzy sets in network public opinion analysis from the perspective of big data, and discusses the different roles of fuzzy sets in network public opinion analysis from four aspects: fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, fuzzy reasoning, fuzzy granularity and generalized fuzzy set. The characteristics of different methods are compared and the unique features of fuzzy sets in these four aspects are pointed out. The unique advantages and some problems are discussed as well, and the future trend of this field is discussed. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Fuzzy sets

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Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided Electromagnetic Stealth Against Radar Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zheng, Beixiong Xiong, Xue Tang, Jie Zhang, Rui School of Microelectronics South China University of Technology Guangzhou511442 China School of Electronic and Information Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640 China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore

While traditional electromagnetic stealth materials/metasurfaces can render a target virtually invisible to some extent, they lack flexibility and adaptability, and can only operate within a limited frequency and angle/direction range, making it challenging to ensure the expected stealth performance. In view of this, we propose in this paper a new intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided electromagnetic stealth system mounted on targets to evade radar detection, by utilizing the tunable passive reflecting elements of IRS to achieve flexible and adaptive electromagnetic stealth in a cost-effective manner. Specifically, we optimize the IRS’s reflection at the target to minimize the sum received signal power of all adversary radars. We first address the IRS’s reflection optimization problem using the Lagrange multiplier method and derive a semi-closed-form optimal solution for the single-radar setup, which is then generalized to the multi-radar case. To meet real-time processing requirements, we further propose low-complexity closed-form solutions based on the reverse alignment/cancellation and minimum mean-square error (MMSE) criteria for the single-radar and multi-radar cases, respectively. Additionally, we propose practical low-complexity estimation schemes at the target to acquire angle-of-arrival (AoA) and/or path gain information via a small number of receive sensing devices. Simulation results validate the performance advantages of our proposed IRS-aided electromagnetic stealth system with the proposed IRS reflection designs. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Inductive Graph-based Knowledge Tracing

Inductive Graph-based Knowledge Tracing

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International Conference on Big data and Smart Computing (BIGCOMP)

作者： Donghee Han Daehee Kim Keejun Han Mun Yong Yi Graduate School of Data Science Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea Division of Computer Engineering Hansung University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea

The rise of virtual education and increase in distance, partly owing to the spread of COVID-19 pandemic, has made it more difficult for teachers to determine each student’s learning status. In this situation, knowledge tracing (KT), which tracks a student’s mastery of specific knowledge concepts, is receiving increasing attention. KT utilizes a sequence of studentexercise interactive activities to predict the mastery of concepts corresponding to a target problem, recommending appropriate learning resources to students and optimizing learning sequences for adaptive learning. With the development of deep learning, various studies have been proposed, such as sequential models using recurrent neural networks, attention models influenced by transformers, and graph-based models that depict the relationships between knowledge concepts. However, they all have common limitations in that they cannot utilize the learning activities of students other than the target student and can only use a limited form of exercise information. In this study, we have applied the concept of rating prediction to the studentexercise knowledge tracing problem and solved the limitations of the existing models. Our proposed Inductive Graph-based Knowledge Tracing (IGKT) designed to integrate structural information and various unrestricted types of additional information into the model through subgraph sampling, has been found superior over the existing models across two different datasets in predicting student performances.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Deep learning Adaptation models Target tracking Recurrent neural networks Pandemics Predictive models

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JSRevealer: A Robust Malicious JavaScript Detector against Obfuscation

JSRevealer: A Robust Malicious JavaScript Detector against O...

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International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN)

作者： Kunlun Ren Weizhong Qiang Yueming Wu Yi Zhou Deqing Zou Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Jinyinhu Laboratory Wuhan China Nanyang Technological University Singapore National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Due to the convenience and popularity of Web applications, they have become a prime target for attackers. As the main programming language for Web applications, many methods have been proposed for detecting malicious JavaScript, among which static analysis-based methods play an important role because of their high effectiveness and efficiency. However, obfuscation techniques are commonly used in JavaScript, which makes the features extracted by static analysis contain many useless and disguised features, leading to many false positives and false negatives in detection results. In this paper, we propose a novel method to find out the essential features related to the semantics of JavaScript code. Specifically, we develop JS-Revealer, a robust, effective, scalable, and interpretable detector for malicious JavaScript. To test the capabilities of JSRevealer, we conduct comparative experiments with four other state-of-the-art malicious JavaScript detection tools. The experimental results show that JSRevealer has an average F1 of 84.8% on the data obfuscated by different obfuscators, which is 21.6%, 22.3%, 18.7%, and 22.9% higher than the tools CUJO, ZOZZLE, JAST, and JSTAP, respectively. Moreover, the detection results of JSRevealer can be interpreted, which can provide meaningful insights for further security research.

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A deep learning system for predicting time to progression of diabetic retinopathy

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NATURE MEDICINE 2024年第2期30卷 358-359页

作者： [Anonymous] Shanghai Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Disorders Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Diabetes Institute Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes Shanghai China MOE Key Laboratory of AI School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Ophthalmology Huadong Sanatorium Wuxi China Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore Singapore Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Guangzhou China Department of Ophthalmology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China Medical Records and Statistics Office Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Department of Geriatrics Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Tech

We developed and validated a deep learning system (termed DeepDR Plus) in a diverse, multiethnic, multi-country dataset to predict personalized risk and time to progression of diabetic retinopathy. We show that DeepDR Plus can be integrated into the clinical workflow to promote individualized intervention strategies for the management of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： Diabetes complications Machine learning Predictive markers

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CL-MRI: Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning to Improve the Accuracy of Undersampled MRI Reconstruction

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ekanayake, Mevan Chen, Zhifeng Harandi, Mehrtash Egan, Gary Chen, Zhaolin Monash Biomedical Imaging Monash University Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Australia Department of Data Science and AI Monash University Australia School of Psychological Sciences Monash University Australia

In Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), image acquisitions are often undersampled in the measurement domain to accelerate the scanning process, at the expense of image quality. However, image quality is a crucial factor that influences the accuracy of clinical diagnosis;hence, high-quality image reconstruction from undersampled measurements has been a key area of research. Recently, deep learning (DL) methods have emerged as the state-of-the-art for MRI reconstruction, typically involving deep neural networks to transform undersampled MRI images into high-quality MRI images through data-driven processes. Nevertheless, there is clear and significant room for improvement in undersampled DL MRI reconstruction to meet the high standards required for clinical diagnosis, in terms of eliminating aliasing artifacts and reducing image noise. In this paper, we introduce a self-supervised pretraining procedure using contrastive learning to improve the accuracy of undersampled DL MRI reconstruction. We use contrastive learning to transform the MRI image representations into a latent space that maximizes mutual information among different undersampled representations and optimizes the information content at the input of the downstream DL reconstruction models. Our experiments demonstrate improved reconstruction accuracy across a range of acceleration factors and datasets, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Furthermore, our extended experiments validate the proposed framework's robustness under adversarial conditions, such as measurement noise, different k-space sampling patterns, and pathological abnormalities, and also prove the transfer learning capabilities on MRI datasets with completely different anatomy. Additionally, we conducted experiments to visualize and analyze the properties of the proposed MRI contrastive learning latent space. Code available here. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Beyond K-Means++: Towards Better Cluster Exploration with Geometrical Information

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ping, Yuan Li, Huina Hao, Bin Guo, Chun Wang, Baocang School of Information Engineering Xuchang University Xuchang461000 China Shenzhen Here Data Technology Co. LTD Shenzhen518000 China College of Computer Science and Technology Guizhou University Guiyang550025 China

Despite remarkable efficiency, k-means and its variants suffer from a strong dependence on the prior knowledge K and the hypothesis of circle-like pattern. This causes algorithms to divide the input space instead of discovering non-predetermined data patterns. Thus, we propose a beyond k-means++ which infers and utilizes the explicit clusters by emphasizing the local geometrical information for better cluster exploration}. To avoid the K dependence, a novel framework of iterative division and aggregation (IDA) over k-means++ is presented. It begins with any , then increases and reduces K along with the procedure of clusters' division and aggregation, respectively. To break through the circle-like pattern limitation, we introduce a reasonability checking strategy (RCS) for cluster division. Given local geometrical information, RCS achieves arbitrary cluster shape support by rejecting edge patterns with distinguished convergence direction and merging adjacent clusters with pseudo-edge patterns. Furthermore, we design an edge shrinkage strategy (ESS). Taking edge patterns as the cluster prototype, it benefits accuracy by effectively avoiding representability reduction due to irregular distribution. To compensate for the loss of efficiency, a near maximin and random sampling algorithm is suggested for large-scale data with high dimensionality. Experimental results confirm that beyond k-means++ is featured by handling arbitrary cluster shapes with remarkable accuracy. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cluster analysis

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Provable Sim-to-real Transfer in Continuous Domain with Partial Observations

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Hu, Jiachen Zhong, Han Jin, Chi Wang, Liwei School of Computer Science Peking University China Center for Data Science Peking University China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University United States National Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence School of Intelligence Science and Technology Peking University China Center for Data Science Peking University Beijing Institute of Big Data Research China

Sim-to-real transfer trains RL agents in the simulated environments and then deploys them in the real world. Sim-to-real transfer has been widely used in practice because it is often cheaper, safer and much faster to collect samples in simulation than in the real world. Despite the empirical success of the sim-to-real transfer, its theoretical foundation is much less understood. In this paper, we study the sim-to-real transfer in continuous domain with partial observations, where the simulated environments and real-world environments are modeled by linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) systems. We show that a popular robust adversarial training algorithm is capable of learning a policy from the simulated environment that is competitive to the optimal policy in the real-world environment. To achieve our results, we design a new algorithm for infinite-horizon average-cost LQGs and establish a regret bound that depends on the intrinsic complexity of the model class. Our algorithm crucially relies on a novel history clipping scheme, which might be of independent interest. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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