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SSRN 2023年

作者： Gizaw Tohye, Tewodros Qin, Zhiguang Wake Hundera, Negalign Assefa, Maregu Lejebo Leka, Habte Atandoh, Peter School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China North Jianshe Road Sichuan Chengdu610054 China School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua321004 China The Zhejiang Institute of Optoelectronics Jinhua China

Background and objectives: Optic disc and Optic cup segmentation is critical in order to identifyglaucoma. But, the nature of fundus images like shape variations of optic disc from person to person ,a lack of contrast and fuzzy borders makes it difficult to easily identify the segmentation region. Veryfew methods have tried to analyze and utilize most important silent features to precisely segment therequired regions from fundus ***: In this study, we introduced CARES-UNet which is based on contour-guided attention toseparate the optic disc and the optic cup regions. The CARES-UNet model’s encoder part is integratingCBAM after each residual block. The model achieves precise boundary detection by incorporatingcontour cues during the segmentation process reducing the likelihood of missing crucial ***, we provide the residual blocks with both the original and contour information to retainthe discriminative regions. Based on the experiments conducted on two publicly available datasetsREFUGUE and DRISHTI-GS .Results: We verify the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method on two public *** specifically obtained dice coefficients of 0.98, 0.969 IoU, 0.99 recall, and precision of 0.97 on theREFUGUE dataset. DRISHTI-GS obtain optic disc results with dice coefficients of 0.97, 0.95 IOU,0.99 Recall, and 0.90 ***: These encouraging findings demonstrate the potential of the contour-guided attentionbased RES-UNet model for segmenting the optic disc and the optic cup, enhancing ophthalmologyand enabling more accurate detection and management of eye illnesse © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation

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FedABC: Targeting Fair Competition in Personalized Federated Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Dui Shen, Li Luo, Yong Hu, Han Su, Kehua Wen, Yonggang Tao, Dacheng National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering Wuhan University China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan China JD Explore Academy China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Federated learning aims to collaboratively train models without accessing their client’s local private data. The data may be Non-IID for different clients and thus resulting in poor performance. Recently, personalized federated learning (PFL) has achieved great success in handling Non-IID data by enforcing regularization in local optimization or improving the model aggregation scheme on the server. However, most of the PFL approaches do not take into account the unfair competition issue caused by the imbalanced data distribution and lack of positive samples for some classes in each client. To address this issue, we propose a novel and generic PFL framework termed Federated Averaging via Binary Classification, dubbed FedABC. In particular, we adopt the "one-vs-all" training strategy in each client to alleviate the unfair competition between classes by constructing a personalized binary classification problem for each class. This may aggravate the class imbalance challenge and thus a novel personalized binary classification loss that incorporates both the under-sampling and hard sample mining strategies is designed. Extensive experiments are conducted on two popular datasets under different settings, and the results demonstrate that our FedABC can significantly outperform the existing counterparts. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Deep Learning-based Classification of Lung CT Scan for Accurate Cancer Diagnosis

Deep Learning-based Classification of Lung CT Scan for Accur...

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International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT)

作者： D.Christy Sujatha T.R. Vijaya Lakshmi Surya G U. Surendar Rajendiran M Ramya Maranan Department of Software Engineering Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology Thanjavur Tamail Nadu India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana India Department of Computer Science and Engineering K. Ramakrishnan College of Engineering Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology - Ramapuram Campus Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Science And Engineering Panimalar Engineering College Poonamallee Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Research and Innovation Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (数字)9798350359299

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359305

This paper investigates the suitability of advanced deep learning models for precise diagnosis of lung cancer from MRI images. Recurrent neural networks (RNN), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), ResNet50, and convolutional neural networks (CNN) were all carefully evaluated to determine their unique contributions. The CNN showed off its good performance and capacity to recognize intricate patterns in lung images, achieving an accuracy of 92.3%. KNN demonstrated competitive results, demonstrating the adaptability of non-parametric methods for medical image classification. Remarkably, ResNet50 fared extremely well, exhibiting a remarkable accuracy of 94.8% and verifying the value of deep residual networks in differentiating between intricate features. RNNs gave the analysis a temporal dimension and contributed to its 89.5% accuracy. Information from confusion matrices containing comprehensive classification results was useful in refining the model. Spatial representations of expected cancer cell locations showed the effectiveness of the models by giving doctors visual cues for targeted interventions. Comparisons with the literature show that the results are in line with recent developments in deep learning for medical image analysis. Because of its comprehensive assessment of different deep learning architectures, which provides fresh perspectives that advance the field of lung cancer detection technologies, this work is an invaluable resource for future research.

关键词： Deep learning Visualization Recurrent neural networks Magnetic resonance imaging Lung cancer Lung Convolutional neural networks

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Research on Restructuring Path of Children's Digital Publishing Supply and Demand Chain 2

Research on Restructuring Path of Children's Digital Publish...

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2nd International Conference on Information Science and Education, ICISE-IE 2021

作者： Chen, Huan Liu, Ying Shan, Chan Zhang, Hequn School of Journalism and Communication of Minjiang University Fujian Fuzhou350108 China Department of Software Technology Xiamen Institute of Software Technology Fujian Xiamen China Department of Computer System and Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia College of Information Engineering Jimei University Xiamen361021 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665438292

In the era of rapid development of intelligent technology, the children's digital publishing industry is facing a disruptive change, and this change may be realized through the reconstruction of the supply and demand chain. The value power of source content creation and the ability to gather users have been deconstructed. The increase in the amount of content requires platform institutions to have a more professional content operation system. The convenience of payment technology has greatly increased the digital content payment rate of users of children's digital products. A development model of the supply and demand chain of children's digital publishing with more innovative flexibility and enabling effects. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Economics

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A Mobile-Based Screening and Refinement System to Identify the Risk of Dyscalculia and Dysgraphia Learning Disabilities in Primary school Students 10

A Mobile-Based Screening and Refinement System to Identify t...

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10th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability, ICIAfS 2021

作者： Hewapathirana, Chamil Abeysinghe, Kalpani Maheshani, Pamodya Liyanage, Prabath Krishara, Jenny Thelijjagoda, Samantha Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Malabe Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Department of Information Technology Malabe Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology SLIIT Business School Malabe Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9781665444293

Learning Disability is a condition that has a direct effect on the brain and there is no cure or any identified medical treatments. Most of these cases remain undiagnosed due to the lack of awareness from their parents and teachers in underdeveloped countries like Sri Lanka. Mobile application-based solution 'Nana Shilpa' was developed for the screening and intervention processes for the specific Learning Disabilities which are Verbal and Lexical Dyscalculia, Operational and Practognostic Dyscalculia, Letter Level Dysgraphia and Numeric Dysgraphia. Deep Learning with Machine Learning techniques is used in the screening process to provide a better solution. To detect the written letters/numbers, trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) achieved the accuracy of 92%, 99%, 99% for Verbal and Lexical Dyscalculia, Letter Level Dysgraphia and Number Dysgraphia respectively. The Machine Learning algorithms used for screening processes are Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF). In the machine learning models, it is achieved the accuracy of 98%, 97% for Operational and Practognostic Dyscalculia and Number Dysgraphia respectively. In Sri Lanka, this has been recognized as an acceptable solution for screening and intervention via a mobile-based application for above mentioned four variants of learning disability conditions which are developed based on the gaming environment. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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An Intelligent Approach to Segment the Liver Cancer using Machine Learning Method 4

An Intelligent Approach to Segment the Liver Cancer using Ma...

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4th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems, ICESC 2023

作者： Anand, L. Maurya, Mahesh Seetha, J. Nagaraju, D. Ravuri, Ananda Vidhya, R.G. School of Computing Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Networking and Communications India University of Mumbai K. C. College of Engineering Management and Research Mith Bunder Road Near Hume Pipe Maharashtra Thane400603 India Panimalar Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Chennai India Sri Venkatesa Perumal College of Engineering and Technology Department of CSE Andhra Pradesh Puttur India Senior Software Engineer Intel Corporation HillsboroOR97124 United States Hkbk College of Engineering Department of Ece Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300093

Cancer Liver cancer is difficult to detect and diagnose early. Machine learning has improved liver cancer diagnosis in recent years. This abstract describes a novel liver cancer detection and classification method using Autoencoder-Extreme Learning Machine (AE-ELM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) technology. AE-ELM models extract features in the suggested method. The autoencoder-extreme learning machine AE-ELM technique learns high-level abstract characteristics from incoming data. AE-ELM extracts liver cancer-specific features by reducing the dimensionality of input data. A CNN model classifies the extracted features. CNNs are good at detecting spatial patterns in medical pictures like CT and MRI scans. The CNN model learns hierarchical representations of input information and classifies them into liver cancer subtypes or stages using various convolutional and pooling processes. AE-ELM and CNN are advantageous. First, AE-ELM decreases input data dimensionality to extract critical features without manual feature engineering. This simplifies feature selection and improves the model's capacity to handle big data. Second, the CNN model uses hierarchical convolutional processes to capture subtle patterns and spatial correlations in input data, enhancing liver cancer classification accuracy. The proposed liver cancer diagnostic method works in experiments. AE-ELM and CNN models outperform classic machine learning approaches and standalone CNN models. Improved liver cancer detection accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity help healthcare practitioners make quick and precise diagnosis. Finally, AE-ELM and CNN technologies can identify and classify liver cancer. This unique strategy uses both models to extract relevant characteristics and capture complicated patterns, improving liver cancer diagnosis accuracy and efficiency. To evaluate this approach's therapeutic promise and application in real-world healthcare settings, additional datasets are needed. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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DearLLM: Enhancing Personalized Healthcare via Large Language Models-Deduced Feature Correlations 39

DearLLM: Enhancing Personalized Healthcare via Large Languag...

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Xu, Yongxin Jiang, Xinke Chu, Xu Qiu, Rihong Feng, Yujie Ding, Hongxin Zhao, Junfeng Wang, Yasha Xie, Bing School of Computer Science School of Software & Microelectronics Peking University Beijing China Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies Ministry of Education Beijing China National Engineering Research Center For Software Engineering Peking University Beijing China Center on Frontiers of Computing Studies Peking University Beijing China Peking University Information Technology Institute Binhai Tianjin China Nanhu Laboratory Jiaxing China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

Exploring the correlations between medical features is essential for extracting patient health patterns from electronic health records (EHR) data, and strengthening medical predictions and decision-making. To constrain the hypothesis space of pure data-driven deep learning in the context of limited annotated data, a common trend is to incorporate external knowledge, especially knowledge priors related to personalized health contexts, to optimize model training. However, most existing methods lack flexibility and are constrained by the uncertainties brought about by fixed feature correlation priors. In addition, in utilizing knowledge, these methods overlook the knowledge informative for personalized healthcare. To this end, we propose DearLLM, a novel and effective framework that leverages feature correlations deduced by large language models (LLMs) to enhance personalized healthcare. Concretely, DearLLM captures and learns quantitative correlations between medical features by calculating the conditional perplexity of LLMs’ deduction based on personalized patient backgrounds. Then, DearLLM enhances healthcare predictions by emphasizing knowledge that carries unique patient information through a feature-frequency-aware graph pooling method. Extensive experiments on two real-world benchmark datasets show significant performance gains brought by DearLLM. Furthermore, the discovered findings align well with medical literature, offering meaningful clinical interpretations. © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Electronic health record

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GM-DF: Generalized Multi-Scenario Deepfake Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lai, Yingxin Yu, Zitong Yang, Jing Li, Bin Kang, Xiangui Shen, Linlin The School of Computing and Information Technology Great Bay University Dongguan523000 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China The Guangdong Key Laboratory of Information Security The School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510080 China Computer Vision Institute School of Computer Science & Software Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

Existing face forgery detection usually follows the paradigm of training models in a single domain, which leads to limited generalization capacity when unseen scenarios and unknown attacks occur. In this paper, we elaborately investigate the generalization capacity of deepfake detection models when jointly trained on multiple face forgery detection datasets. We first find a rapid degradation of detection accuracy when models are directly trained on combined datasets due to the discrepancy across collection scenarios and generation methods. To address the above issue, a Generalized Multi-Scenario Deepfake Detection framework (GM-DF) is proposed to serve multiple real-world scenarios by a unified model. First, we propose a hybrid expert modeling approach for domain-specific real/forgery feature extraction. Besides, as for the commonality representation, we use CLIP to extract the common features for better aligning visual and textual features across domains. Meanwhile, we introduce a masked image reconstruction mechanism to force models to capture rich forged details. Finally, we supervise the models via a domain-aware meta-learning strategy to further enhance their generalization capacities. Specifically, we design a novel domain alignment loss to strongly align the distributions of the meta-test domains and meta-train domains. Thus, the updated models are able to represent both specific and common real/forgery features across multiple datasets. In consideration of the lack of study of multi-dataset training, we establish a new benchmark leveraging multi-source data to fairly evaluate the models' generalization capacity on unseen scenarios. Both qualitative and quantitative experiments on five datasets conducted on traditional protocols as well as the proposed benchmark demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. The codes will be available on https://***/laiyingxin2/GM-DF. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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An Inception Module CNN Classifiers Fusion Method on Pulmonary Nodule Diagnosis by Signs

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Tsinghua Science and technology 2020年第3期25卷 368-383页

作者： Guangyuan Zheng Guanghui Han Nouman Qadeer Soomro the Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Technology School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China the School of Information Technology Shangqiu Normal UniversityShangqiu 476000China the School of Biomedical Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China the Department of Software Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and TechnologySZAB CampusKhairpur Mir's66020Pakistan

A "sign" on a lung CT image refers to a radiologic finding that suggests a pathological progression of some specific disease. Analysis of CT signs is helpful to understand the pathological origin of the lesion. In-depth study of lung nodules classification with different CT signs will help to distinguish benign and malignant nodules more clearly and accurately. To this end, we propose an Inception module-based ensemble classification method for pulmonary nodule diagnosis with different nodule signs. We first construct a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) classifier adopting Inception modules and pre-train it on ImageNet. We then fine-tune this pre-trained classifier on 10 different lung nodule sign sample sets, and fuse these 10 classifiers with an artificial immune ensemble algorithm. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of our proposed Artificial Immune Algorithm-based Inception Networks Fusion(AIA-INF) algorithm are 82.22%, 93.17%, and 88.67%, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of the alternative Bagging and Boosting methods. The experimental results show that our Inception-based ensemble classifier offers promising performance, and compared with other CADx systems, this scheme can offer a more detailed reference for diagnosis, and can be valuable for junior radiologist training.

关键词： sign lung cancer pulmonary nodule Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) Artificial Immune Algorithm(AIA)

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The STIRData Approach to Interoperability of European Company High-Value Datasets

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SN computer Science 2024年第4期5卷 387页

作者： Klímek, Jakub Chortaras, Alexandros Míšek, Jakub Yang, Jim J. Skagemo, Steinar Tzouvaras, Vassilis Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Malostranské nám. 25 Prague 118 00 Czech Republic School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens 9 Iroon Polytechniou St Athens 157 80 Greece Institute of Law and Technology Masaryk University Faculty of Law Veveří 70 Brno 60200 Czech Republic Norwegian Digitalisation Agency Postboks 1382 Vika Oslo 0114 Norway Brønnøysund Register Centre Postboks 900 Brønnøysund 8910 Norway

The European Commission has published a list of high-value datasets (HVDs) that public sector bodies must make available as open data as part of the Open Data Directive. One of the HVD topics is company data. Although the HVD description contains items that must be included in these datasets, it does not prescribe any technical means of how the data should be published. This is a major obstacle to the interoperability of the datasets once they are published. In this extended paper, we elaborate on the results of STIRData, a project co-financed by the Connecting Europe Facility Programme of the European Union, focusing on various aspects of data interoperability of open data from business registries, covering the company data HVDs topic. These aspects include the semantic, technical, and legal interoperability of this data. The results include a data architecture and a data specification to make the published data technically and semantically interoperable. In addition, we present basic legal interoperability guidelines to ensure legal interoperability of the published data, which is a topic often neglected by technically focused data experts. The project results include proof-of-concept transformations of data from selected European business registries using open source tools and in accordance with the data specification. Moreover, a user-orientated platform for browsing and analysing the data is presented as an example of the possibilities of using the data published in an interoperable way. Finally, we present an example of how compliant data can be processed by data experts for further analysis. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Company data Data spaces High-value datasets (HVDs) Interoperability Linked data Open data

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