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Traffic incident detection based on the width characteristic of the moving object marker

International Journal of Information and Communication technology 2020年第4期16卷 285-296页

作者： Gao, Shangbing Li, Wenting Hao, Dajing Wang, Hui Zhou, Jian College of Computer and Software Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology Huaian223001 China

Aiming at the current situation that the existing traffic event detection algorithm is complex and cumbersome, a traffic incident detection method based on the width characteristics of the moving object was proposed. Firstly, the foreground object is extracted by ViBe (visual background extractor) and the foreground target is subjected to hole removal and smoothing processing. Then, the moving target is marked with a label, the width change characteristic of the moving target mark frame is analysed and the traffic event detection model is introduced, thereby achieving detection of traffic events. The experimental results show that the method can effectively detect the rear-end event, the crossing event and the collision-fixing event in the traffic incident. Copyright © 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Image classification

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Provably Secure Conditional-Privacy Access Control Protocol for Intelligent Customers-Centric Communication in VANET

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年第1期70卷 1747-1756页

作者： Saleem, Muhammad Asad Li, Xiong Mahmood, Khalid Shamshad, Salman Ayub, Muhammad Faizan Bashir, Ali Kashif Omar, Marwan University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sichuan Chengdu12599 China National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Douliu64002 Taiwan The University of Lahore Department of Software Engineering Lahore54590 Pakistan Manchester Metropolitan University Department of Computing and Mathematics ManchesterM15 6BH United Kingdom Woxsen University Woxsen School of Business Hyderabad502345 India Lebanese American University Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Beirut1102 2801 Lebanon Illinois Institute of Technology Information Technology and Management ChicagoIL60555 United States

Globally, the development of Intelligent Cyber-Physical Transportation Systems (ICTS) aims to tackle several challenges, including reducing traffic accidents and fuel usage, alleviating congestion, shortening travel time, and enhancing overall transportation safety. These systems leverage advanced customer-centric communication and networked control methods, such as inter-vehicle, vehicle-to-roadside (V2R), and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication through the use of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) to cover all aspects of transportation-based information. In existing systems, once devices are registered with a Trusted Authority (TA), subsequent authentication still relies on the TA's assistance. However, these devices typically remain stationary, and frequent interaction with the TA becomes impractical and costly in highly mobile VANET environments. To address this challenge, we propose a secure access control protocol with conditional privacy for VANETs. Unlike other protocols, our protocol does not require the TA's involvement during authentication between vehicles and RSUs. Additionally, our protocol leverages pseudonym mechanisms to provide conditional privacy, enabling legitimate vehicles to remain anonymous while malicious ones can be tracked. Our proposed scheme is supported by both formal and informal security analyses and has been shown to be secure against several known attacks in VANETs. Furthermore, compared to relevant studies, our protocol achieves 30.2505% of efficiency in terms of computation cost and 11.09276% of efficiency in terms of communication cost, respectively. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicular ad hoc networks

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YOLO-BTM: A Novel Shuttlecock Detection Method for Embedded Badminton Robots

YOLO-BTM: A Novel Shuttlecock Detection Method for Embedded ...

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Automation, Robotics and computer engineering (ICARCE), International Conference on

作者： Yimin Zhang Chuxuan Chen Ronglin Hu Faculty of Computer & Software Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology Huai’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475495

Employing robots in badminton training contributes to a more accurate analysis of an athlete's movements and helps avoid injuries. Shuttlecock detection during the flying stage is a critical component of the badminton robot design. However, previous shuttlecock localization methods were unable to detect shuttlecock quickly and accurately in embedded device-based badminton robots, given scale variations, few extractable features, occlusion, and device limitation. In this paper, a deep learning-based shuttlecock localization method is proposed. First, an indoor shuttlecock dataset including 9548 shuttlecock images of various angles and scenes was constructed. Then a shuttlecock detection method YOLO-BTM is proposed, which is based on YOLOv4-Tiny. We proposed a new convolution block to replace the cross-stage partially block in the backbone, to improve the detection speed. To improve the network's ability to detect small objects, the efficient channel attention block is introduced in feature fusion. Finally, a comparative experiment on the accuracy of the method and the detection speed was conducted. The results show that the proposed YOLO-BTM has better performance in detection speed and accuracy compared to the existing state-of-the-art object detection methods on our own shuttlecock dataset. Our method enables real-time, accurate localization of shuttlecock and has the potential to be used in other embedded device based sports robots.

关键词： Location awareness Training Performance evaluation Visualization Object detection Feature extraction Real-time systems

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Automatic Adjustment of HPA Parameters and Attack Prevention in Kubernetes Using Random Forests 24

Automatic Adjustment of HPA Parameters and Attack Prevention...

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9th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Internet of Things, CCIOT 2024

作者： Chan, Huah Yong Zhou, Hanlin Ni, Jingfei Wu, Mengchun Deng, Qing School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang Malaysia Xiamen Institute of Software Technology Xiamen China Department of Manzhouli Customs Manzhouli China College of Information Science and Engineering Jimei University Xiamen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717161

In this paper, HTTP status codes are used as custom metrics within the HPA as the experimental scenario. By integrating the Random Forest classification algorithm from machine learning, attacks are assessed and predicted, dynamically adjusting the maximum pod parameter in the HPA to manage attack traffic. This approach enables the adjustment of HPA parameters using machine learning scripts in targeted attack scenarios while effectively managing attack traffic. All access from attacking IPs is redirected to honeypot pods, achieving a lower incidence of 5XX status codes through HPA pod adjustments under high load conditions. This method also ensures effective isolation of attack traffic, preventing excessive HPA expansion due to attacks. Additionally, experiments conducted under various conditions demonstrate the importance of setting appropriate thresholds for HPA adjustments. Copyright © 2024 held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Random forests

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Audio-Text Multimodal Speech Recognition via Dual-Tower Architecture for Mandarin Air Traffic Control Communications

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3215-3245页

作者： Shuting Ge Jin Ren Yihua Shi Yujun Zhang Shunzhi Yang Jinfeng Yang School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051China Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen518055China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China Industrial Training Centre Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen518055China

In air traffic control communications (ATCC), misunderstandings between pilots and controllers could result in fatal aviation accidents. Fortunately, advanced automatic speech recognition technology has emerged as a promising means of preventing miscommunications and enhancing aviation safety. However, most existing speech recognition methods merely incorporate external language models on the decoder side, leading to insufficient semantic alignment between speech and text modalities during the encoding phase. Furthermore, it is challenging to model acoustic context dependencies over long distances due to the longer speech sequences than text, especially for the extended ATCC data. To address these issues, we propose a speech-text multimodal dual-tower architecture for speech recognition. It employs cross-modal interactions to achieve close semantic alignment during the encoding stage and strengthen its capabilities in modeling auditory long-distance context dependencies. In addition, a two-stage training strategy is elaborately devised to derive semantics-aware acoustic representations effectively. The first stage focuses on pre-training the speech-text multimodal encoding module to enhance inter-modal semantic alignment and aural long-distance context dependencies. The second stage fine-tunes the entire network to bridge the input modality variation gap between the training and inference phases and boost generalization performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed speech-text multimodal speech recognition method on the ATCC and AISHELL-1 datasets. It reduces the character error rate to 6.54% and 8.73%, respectively, and exhibits substantial performance gains of 28.76% and 23.82% compared with the best baseline model. The case studies indicate that the obtained semantics-aware acoustic representations aid in accurately recognizing terms with similar pronunciations but distinctive semantics. The research provides a novel modeling pa

关键词： Speech-text multimodal automatic speech recognition semantic alignment air traffic control communications dual-tower architecture

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FedIERF: Federated Incremental Extremely Random Forest for Wearable Health Monitoring

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Journal of computer Science & technology 2023年第5期38卷 970-984页

作者：胡春雨忽丽莎袁林陆佃杰吕蕾陈益强 Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of EducationShandong Computer Science Center(National Supercomputer Center in Jinan)Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer ScienceJinan 250000China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Novel Distributed Computer Software Technology Jinan 25000China Institute of Information Technology Hebei University of Economics and BusinessShijiazhuang 050061China School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Wearable health monitoring is a crucial technical tool that offers early warning for chronic diseases due to its superior portability and low power ***,most wearable health data is distributed across dfferent organizations,such as hospitals,research institutes,and companies,and can only be accessed by the owners of the data in compliance with data privacy *** first challenge addressed in this paper is communicating in a privacy-preserving manner among different *** second technical challenge is handling the dynamic expansion of the federation without model *** address the first challenge,we propose a horizontal federated learning method called Federated Extremely Random Forest(FedERF).Its contribution-based splitting score computing mechanism significantly mitigates the impact of privacy protection constraints on model *** on FedERF,we present a federated incremental learning method called Federated Incremental Extremely Random Forest(FedIERF)to address the second technical *** introduces a hardness-driven weighting mechanism and an importance-based updating scheme to update the existing federated model *** experiments show that FedERF achieves comparable performance with non-federated methods,and FedIERF effectively addresses the dynamic expansion of the *** opens up opportunities for cooperation between different organizations in wearable health monitoring.

关键词： federated learning incremental learning random forest wearable health monitoring

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XRL-SHAP-Cache:an explainable reinforcement learning approach for intelligent edge service caching in content delivery networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 46-71页

作者： Xiaolong XU Fan WU Muhammad BILAL Xiaoyu XIA Wanchun DOU Lina YAO Weiyi ZHONG School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computing and Communications Lancaster University School of Computing Technologies Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Data 61 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization School of Computer Science Qufu Normal University

Content delivery networks(CDNs) play a pivotal role in the modern internet infrastructure by enabling efficient content delivery across diverse geographical regions. As an essential component of CDNs, the edge caching scheme directly influences the user experience by determining the caching and eviction of content on edge servers. With the emergence of 5G technology, traditional caching schemes have faced challenges in adapting to increasingly complex and dynamic network environments. Consequently, deep reinforcement learning(DRL) offers a promising solution for intelligent zero-touch network governance. However, the blackbox nature of DRL models poses challenges in understanding and making trusting decisions. In this paper,we propose an explainable reinforcement learning(XRL)-based intelligent edge service caching approach,namely XRL-SHAP-Cache, which combines DRL with an explainable artificial intelligence(XAI) technique for cache management in CDNs. Instead of focusing solely on achieving performance gains, this study introduces a novel paradigm for providing interpretable caching strategies, thereby establishing a foundation for future transparent and trustworthy edge caching solutions. Specifically, a multi-level cache scheduling framework for CDNs was formulated theoretically, with the D3QN-based caching scheme serving as the targeted interpretable model. Subsequently, by integrating Deep-SHAP into our framework, the contribution of each state input feature to the agent's Q-value output was calculated, thereby providing valuable insights into the decision-making process. The proposed XRL-SHAP-Cache approach was evaluated through extensive experiments to demonstrate the behavior of the scheduling agent in the face of different environmental *** results demonstrate its strong explainability under various real-life scenarios while maintaining superior performance compared to traditional caching schemes in terms of cache hit ratio, quality of service(QoS),a

关键词： deep reinforcement learning (DRL) explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) multi-level cache content delivery network (CDN) D3QN algorithm Deep-SHAP

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FEAT: Towards Fast Environment-Adaptive Task Offloading and Power Allocation in MEC 42

FEAT: Towards Fast Environment-Adaptive Task Offloading and ...

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42nd IEEE International Conference on computer Communications, INFOCOM 2023

作者： Ren, Tao Hu, Zheyuan He, Hang Niu, Jianwei Liu, Xuefeng Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Internet Software Technologies Beijing China Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China Zhengzhou University Research Institute of Industrial Technology School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350334142

Mobile edge computing (MEC) has been proposed to provide mobile devices with both satisfactory computing resources and latency. Key issues in MEC include task offloading and power allocation (TOPA), for which deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is becoming a popular methodology. However, most DRL-based TOPA approaches are typically developed in a certain environment, lacking the adaptability to unseen environments. Motivated by this, this paper proposes a Fast Environment-Adaptive TOPA (FEAT) approach that could adapt to unseen environments with little fine-tuning. Specifically, we first split MEC states into the internal state and environmental state. Then, based on these two types of states, we develop two main components of FEAT - a group of internal state-dependent TOPA meta-policies and an environmental state-embedded steerer. Meta-policies learn TOPA skills within the internal state space (allowing reusing meta-policies in different environments), while the steerer learns to choose appropriate meta-policies according to embedded environmental states. When encountering an unseen environment with the same internal state space, FEAT only needs to fine-tune the steerer using the newly embedded environmental state with few internal state explorations. Extensive experimental results on simulation and testbed demonstrate that FEAT outperforms the state-of-the-art by more than 16.4% in terms of fine-tuning speeds. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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Enabling Communication-Efficient Federated Learning via Distributed Compressed Sensing 42

Enabling Communication-Efficient Federated Learning via Dist...

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42nd IEEE International Conference on computer Communications, INFOCOM 2023

作者： Guan, Yixuan Liu, Xuefeng Ren, Tao Niu, Jianwei Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Internet Software Technologies Institute of Software Beijing China Zhengzhou University Research Institute of Industrial Technology School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350334142

Federated learning (FL) trains a shared global model by periodically aggregating gradients from local devices. Communication overhead becomes a principal bottleneck in FL since participating devices usually suffer from limited bandwidth and unreliable connections in uplink transmission. To address this problem, the gradient compression methods based on compressed sensing (CS) theory have been put forward recently. However, most existing CS-based works compress gradients independently, ignoring the gradient correlations between participants or adjacent communication rounds, which constrains the achievement of higher compression rates. In view of the above observation, we propose a novel gradient compression scheme named FedDCS, guided by distributed compressed sensing (DCS) theory. Following the design philosophy of separate encoding and joint decoding in DCS, FedDCS compresses gradients for participants in each round separately while reconstructing them at the central server jointly via fully exploiting correlated gradients from the previous round, which are known as side information (SI). Benefiting from this design, reconstruction performance is significantly improved with fewer decoding errors also iterations under the identical compression rate, and the total uploading bits to achieve model convergence are considerably reduced. Theoretical analysis and extensive experiments conducted on MNIST and Fashion-MNIST both verify the effectiveness of our approach. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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Hybrid Makes Better: Privacy-Preserving Medical Image Classification Based on Federated Learning

Hybrid Makes Better: Privacy-Preserving Medical Image Classi...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Wang, Zhi Chi, Haotian Li, Yonggang Zhang, Yuxuan Jiang, Shunrong Du, Xiaojiang Guizani, Mohsen China University of Mining and Technology School of Computer Science Xuzhou221116 China Shanxi University School of Automation and Software Engineering Taiyuan030006 China Stevens Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HobokenNJ United States Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence Department of Machine Learning Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

The power of machine learning makes it available for medical image classification. However, machine learning requires large medical datasets to improve accuracy, which will involve patients' private information and lead to their privacy leakage. Federated learning is a trending technique to both protect patients' privacy and improve the accuracy of medical image classification. Unfortunately, current research shows that federated learning faces the risk of privacy leakage. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving scheme FHDM. Specifically, we construct a local hybrid differential privacy algorithm (LHDP) against patients' privacy leakage. This hybrid algorithm utilizes both Gaussian and Laplace differential privacy without enlarging the privacy budget. We prove that the algorithm applies to the model parameter. Moreover, we design loss optimization and global optimization strategies on the algorithm to achieve higher accuracy in medical image classification. Finally, we validate FHDM in terms of privacy-preserving and model accuracy on real datasets. Experiments show that FHDM effectively protects privacy and improves the average accuracy by 10.0% compared to adopting the LDP-based scheme with the same medical image dataset and privacy budget. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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