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arXiv 2024年

作者： Shao, Feifei Liu, Ping Wang, Zhao Luo, Yawei Wang, Hongwei Xiao, Jun Zhejiang University University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Institute Zhejiang University China Computer Science and Engineering University of Nevada Reno United States Ningbo Innovation Center Zhejiang University China School of Software Technology Zhejiang University China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University China

Point cloud processing (PCP) encompasses tasks like reconstruction, denoising, registration, and segmentation, each often requiring specialized models to address unique task characteristics. While in-context learning (ICL) has shown promise across tasks by using a single model with task-specific demonstration prompts, its application to PCP reveals significant limitations. We identify inter-task and intra-task sensitivity issues in current ICL methods for PCP, which we attribute to inflexible sampling strategies lacking context adaptation at the point and prompt levels. To address these challenges, we propose MICAS, an advanced ICL framework featuring a multi-grained adaptive sampling mechanism tailored for PCP. MICAS introduces two core components: task-adaptive point sampling, which leverages inter-task cues for point-level sampling, and query-specific prompt sampling, which selects optimal prompts per query to mitigate intra-task sensitivity. To our knowledge, this is the first approach to introduce adaptive sampling tailored to the unique requirements of point clouds within an ICL framework. Extensive experiments show that MICAS not only efficiently handles various PCP tasks but also significantly outperforms existing methods. Notably, it achieves a remarkable 4.1% improvement in the part segmentation task and delivers consistent gains across various PCP applications. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Query processing

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TPE for JPEG images with Dynamic M-ary Decomposition and Adaptive Threshold Constraints

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video technology 2025年

作者： Ma, Yakun Chai, Xiuli Long, Guoqiang Gan, Zhihua Zhang, Yushu Henan University School of Artificial Intelligence Henan Engineering Research Center for Industrial Internet of Things Zhengzhou450046 China Henan University School of Software Intelligent Data Processing Engineering Research Center of Henan Province Institute of Intelligent Network System Kaifeng475004 China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing211106 China

Traditional JPEG image encryption that prioritizes solely confidentiality fails to account for the pressing usability requirements of cloud-based environments, thus boosting the boom in thumbnail-preserving encryption (TPE) to balance image privacy and usability. However, existing TPE schemes for JPEG images face numerous challenges, such as insufficient security, inability to achieve lossless decryption, and high file extension. To address these challenges, we propose a TPE scheme based on dynamic M-ary decomposition and adaptive threshold constraints (TPE-MDTC). First, the valid ranges of quantized DC coefficients for JPEG images are determined. Then, a sum-preserving encryption method for quantized DC coefficients with compliance threshold constraints is designed using the bit-plane permutation to preserve thumbnails with high accuracy. Next, the introduction of dynamic M-ary decomposition effectively changes bit statistical characteristics preserved by bit-plane permutation, enhancing the ciphertext security. Finally, a quantized AC encryption method with RV (Run/Value) pair global permutation is proposed, effectively modifying the unit block features, thereby significantly improving the security and attack resistance of encrypted images. Experimental results show that the proposed TPE-MDTC scheme can reconstruct the original JPEG images without loss, and the generated ciphertext images exhibit significant advantages over previous schemes regarding file extension and security. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Ciphertext

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FedTC: Enabling Communication-Efficient Federated Learning via Transform Coding

FedTC: Enabling Communication-Efficient Federated Learning v...

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE computer and Communications Societies

作者： Yixuan Guan Xuefeng Liu Jianwei Niu Tao Ren State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China Zhengzhou University Research Institute of Industrial Technology School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Game Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350383508

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383515

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed training via periodically synchronizing model updates among participants. Communication overhead becomes a dominant constraint of FL since participating clients usually suffer from limited bandwidth. To tackle this issue, top-k based gradient compression techniques are broadly explored in FL context, manifesting powerful capabilities in reducing gradient volumes via picking significant entries. However, previous studies are primarily conducted on the raw gradients where massive spatial redundancies exist and positions of non-zero (top-k) entries vary greatly between gradients, which both impede the achievement of deeper compressions. Top-k may also degrade the performance of trained models due to biased gradient estimations. Targeting the above issues, we propose FedTC, a novel transform coding based compression framework. FedTC transforms gradients into a new domain with more compact energy distributions, which facilitates reducing spatial redundancies and biases in subsequent sparsification. Furthermore, non-zero entries across clients from different rounds become highly aligned in the transform domain, motivating us to partition the gradients into smaller entry blocks with various alignment levels to better exploit these alignments. Lastly, positions and values of non-zero entries are independently compressed in a block-wise manner with our customized designs, through which a higher compression ratio is achieved. Theoretical analysis and extensive experiments consistently demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： Training Quantization (signal) Costs Federated learning Redundancy Transform coding Estimation

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M3OFF: Module-Compositional Model-Free Computation Offloading in Multi-Environment MEC

M3OFF: Module-Compositional Model-Free Computation Offloadin...

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE computer and Communications Societies

作者： Tao Ren Zheyuan Hu Jianwei Niu Weikun Feng Hang He State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Game Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China Zhengzhou University Research Institute of Industrial Technology School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9798350383508

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383515

Computation offloading is one of the key issues in mobile edge computing (MEC) that alleviates the tension between user equipment's limited capabilities and mobile application's high requirements. To achieve model-free computation offloading when reliable MEC dynamics are unavailable, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has become a popular methodology. However, most existing DRL-based offloading approaches are developed for a single MEC environment, with invariant system bandwidth, edge capability, task types, etc., while realistic MEC scenarios tend to be of high diversity. Unfortunately, in multi-MEC environments, DRL-based offloading faces at least two challenges, learning inefficiency and interference of offloading experiences. To address the challenges, we propose a DRL-based Multi-environmental Module-compositional Modelfree computation OFFloading (M 3 OFF) framework. M 3 OFF generates offloading policies using module composition instead of a single DRL network so that learning efficiency could be improved by reusing the same modules and learning interference could be reduced by composing different modules. Furthermore, we design multiple module composition-specific training methods for M 3 OFF, including alternate modules-and-composer updates to improve training stability, loss-regularization to avoid module degeneration, and module-dropout to mitigate overfitting. Extensive experimental results on both simulation and testbed demonstrate that M 3 OFF outperforms the performances of most state-of-the-arts in multi-MEC and reaches close to single-MEC.

关键词： Training Visualization Multi-access edge computing Computational modeling Interference Bandwidth Stability analysis

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Learning Generalizable Models via Disentangling Spurious and Enhancing Potential Correlations

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Na Qi, Lei Guo, Jintao Shi, Yinghuan Gao, Yang The National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology The National Institute of Healthcare Data Science Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China The School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast United States Ministry of Education Nanjing211189 China

Domain generalization (DG) intends to train a model on multiple source domains to ensure that it can generalize well to an arbitrary unseen target domain. The acquisition of domain-invariant representations is pivotal for DG as they possess the ability to capture the inherent semantic information of the data, mitigate the influence of domain shift, and enhance the generalization capability of the model. Adopting multiple perspectives, such as the sample and the feature, proves to be effective. The sample perspective facilitates data augmentation through data manipulation techniques, whereas the feature perspective enables the extraction of meaningful generalization features. In this paper, we focus on improving the generalization ability of the model by compelling it to acquire domain-invariant representations from both the sample and feature perspectives by disentangling spurious correlations and enhancing potential correlations. 1) From the sample perspective, we develop a frequency restriction module, guiding the model to focus on the relevant correlations between object features and labels, thereby disentangling spurious correlations. 2) From the feature perspective, the simple Tail Interaction module implicitly enhances potential correlations among all samples from all source domains, facilitating the acquisition of domain-invariant representations across multiple domains for the model. The experimental results show that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) or MultiLayer Perceptrons (MLPs) with a strong baseline embedded with these two modules can achieve superior results, e.g., an average accuracy of 92.30% on Digits-DG. Source code is available at https://***/RubyHoho/DGeneralization. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multilayer neural networks

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A Novel Outlier-Tolerable and Predictive Approach to Web Service Composition 1

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29th International Conference on Web Services, ICWS 2022 Held as Part of the Services Conference Federation, SCF 2022

作者： Sun, Xiaoning Chen, Peng Dai, Mengxuan Xia, Yunni Zheng, Wanbo Li, Jianqi Xie, Hong Fu, Xiaodong Peng, Kai Niu, Xianhua Chen, Juan School of Computer and Information Science Chongqing Normal University Chongqing401331 China School of Computer and Software Engineering Xihua University Chengdu610039 China School of Computer and Information Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang330022 China College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing400030 China Data Science Research Center Faculty of Science Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650031 China Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing102209 China Engineering college Huaqiao University Quanzhou362021 China

ISBN: (数字)9783031235795

ISBN: (纸本)9783031235788

The Quality-of-Service (QoS) aspects of Web service has gained popularity in the field of service computing. QoS-oriented Web service composition is a distributed model to construct new web service on top of existing primitive or other composite web services with QoS guarantees. A major challenge in this field is that the QoS data of candidate services are with run-time fluctuations and thus difficult to predict. Traditional approaches in this direction tended to address the challenge by statistics, prediction and neural network-based models. A major limitation of these methods lies in that they ignore outliers data in the historical QoS data, in terms of inconsistencies, errors, shifts, corruptions, etc. In this work, instead, we consider outliers in QoS series to be non-neglectable, and propose an outlier-tolerable and predictive approach to service composition through leveraging a joint estimation-based outlier detection method and a niched genetic algorithm. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conduct extensive case studies based on different outlier conditions, and the experimental results show that our method is superior to existing ones. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Quality of service

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Offsite Evaluation of Localization Systems: Criteria, Systems, and Results From IPIN 2021 and 2022 Competitions

IEEE Journal on Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigati...

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IEEE Journal on Indoor and Seamless Positioning and Navigation 2024年 2卷 92-129页

作者： Potorti, Francesco Crivello, Antonino Lee, Soyeon Vladimirov, Blagovest Park, Sangjoon Chen, Yushi Wang, Long Chen, Runze Zhao, Fang Zhuge, Yue Luo, Haiyong Perez-Navarro, Antoni Jimenez, Antonio R. Wang, Han Liang, Hengyi De Cock, Cedric Plets, David Cui, Yan Xiong, Zhi Li, Xiaodong Ding, Yiming Franco, Fernando Javier Alvarez Polo, Fernando Jesus Aranda Rodriguez, Felipe Parralejo Moreira, Adriano Pendao, Cristiano Silva, Ivo Ortiz, Miguel Zhu, Ni Li, Ziyou Renaudin, Valerie Wei, Dongyan Ji, Xinchun Zhang, Wenchao Wang, Yan Ding, Longyang Kuang, Jian Zhang, Xiaobing Dou, Zhi Yang, Chaoqun Kram, Sebastian Stahlke, Maximilian Mutschler, Christopher Coene, Sander Li, Chenglong Venus, Alexander Leitinger, Erik Tertinek, Stefan Witrisal, Klaus Wang, Yi Wang, Shaobo Jin, Beihong Zhang, Fusang Su, Chang Wang, Zhi Li, Siheng Li, Xiaodong Li, Shitao Pan, Mengguan Zheng, Wang Luo, Kai Ma, Ziyao Gao, Yanbiao Chang, Jiaxing Ren, Hailong Guo, Wenfang Torres-Sospedra, Joaquin Pisa56124 Italy Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon34129 Korea Republic of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Computer Science National Pilot Software Engineering School Beijing100876 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Mobile Computing and Pervasive Device Institute of Computing Technology Beijing100190 China Universitat Oberta de Catalunya Faculty of Computer Sciences Multimedia and Telecommunication Barcelona08035 Spain Arganda del Rey28500 Spain Huawei Technologies Company Ltd. Shenzhen100015 China IMEC-WAVES/Ghent University Department of Information Technology Gent9052 Belgium Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Automation Nanjing210016 China University of Extremadura Badajoz06006 Spain University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro Department of Engineering School of Sciences and Technology Vila Real5000-801 Portugal Universidade Do Minho Centro Algoritmi Guimarães4800-058 Portugal Ame Department of the University Gustave Eiffel Geoloc Laboratory Bouguenais44344 France Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research Institute Beijing100094 China Wuhan University Gnss Research Center Wuhan430072 China AutoNavi Software Company Ltd. China Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits Iis Fraunhofer Iis Nuremberg90411 Germany Erlangen91058 Germany Graz University of Technology Christian Doppler Laboratory for Location-Aware Electronic Systems Graz8010 Austria Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Purple Mountain Laboratories Pervasive Communication Research Center Nanjing210000 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China

Indoor positioning is a thriving research area, which is slowly gaining market momentum. Its applications are mostly customized, ad hoc installations;ubiquitous applications analogous to Global Navigation Satellite System for outdoors are not available because of the lack of generic platforms, widely accepted standards and interoperability protocols. In this context, the indoor positioning and indoor navigation (IPIN) competition is the only long-term, technically sound initiative to monitor the state of the art of real systems by measuring their performance in a realistic environment. Most competing systems are pedestrian-oriented and based on the use of smartphones, but several competing tracks were set up, enabling comparison of an array of technologies. The two IPIN competitions described here include only off-site tracks. In contrast with on-site tracks where competitors bring their systems on-site - which were impossible to organize during 2021 and 2022 - in off-site tracks competitors download prerecorded data from multiple sensors and process them using the EvaalAPI, a real-time, web-based emulation interface. As usual with IPIN competitions, tracks were compliant with the EvAAL framework, ensuring consistency of the measurement procedure and reliability of results. The main contribution of this work is to show a compilation of possible indoor positioning scenarios and different indoor positioning solutions to the same problem. © 2023 CCBY.

关键词： Smartphones

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Application of Explicit Group Sparse Projection in Optimizing 5G Network Resource Allocation and Topology Design

Application of Explicit Group Sparse Projection in Optimizin...

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Innovation in technology (ASIANCON), Asian Conference on

作者： Kodanda Rami Reddy Manukonda Hemanth Swamy R. Sankar Chidambaranathan C. M. Haribabu.k Saranya. Department of Consulting IBM Senior Software Engineer Motorola Solutions Department of EEE Chennai Institute of Technology Chennai Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Computing Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India Department of ECE MLR Institute of Technology Hyderabad Department of AI & DS Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering Chennai

ISBN: (数字)9798350354218

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354225

The growing adoption of 5G networks in diverse domains like IoT, smart cities, healthcare, and industrial automation necessitates advanced optimization techniques. While existing approaches have shown promise, they are often limited by computational intensity, lack of adaptability, and specific focus on geometric constraints. This paper presents EGSP-5G, a novel methodology employing Explicit Group Sparse Projection (EGSP) for 5G network resource allocation and topology design. Its capability to achieve targeted sparsity levels allows for efficient utilization of network resources, thereby making it a versatile and powerful tool for various optimization tasks. Remarkably, EGSP-5G achieved a resource utilization rate of 90.02% and a throughput of 110.32 in networks comprising 1000 nodes. It stands as a robust and versatile solution for optimizing 5G networks across diverse application domains.

关键词： Technological innovation Automation 5G mobile communication Network topology Smart cities Medical services Throughput Topology Resource management Optimization

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Drowsy Driving Detection System Using Face Detection

Drowsy Driving Detection System Using Face Detection

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Technological Advancements in Computational Sciences (ICTACS), International Conference on

作者： Ismoiljon Mirabdullayev Mohamed Uvaze Ahamed Ayoobkhan A.M. Jasmine Hashana Liayakath Ali Khan Subair Ali Software Engineering New Uzbekistan University Tashkent Uzbekistan Computer Science and Engineering Francis Xavier Engineering College Tirunelveli India School of Information Technology Digital Media and Mass Communication TMC Institute in Tashkent Tashkent Uzbekistan

Drowsy driving poses a major threat to road safety, demanding effective solutions. To address this issue, this paper introduces a cutting-edge drowsy driving detection system that leverages advanced face detection algorithms to analyze real-time facial features. By closely monitoring eye movements and mouth patterns, the system is capable of accurately identifying early signs of fatigue. In response, timely warnings are promptly issued to the driver through various means, including audible alarms, visual cues, or even physical interventions. Although the system holds great potential in enhancing road safety, there are still challenges to overcome, particularly regarding accuracy and adaptability. However, ongoing research endeavors aim to refine the algorithms and integrate additional physiological and behavioral measures, with the goal of further improving the system's capabilities. By preventing accidents caused by drowsiness, this innovative system demonstrates a promising pathway towards bolstering road safety. By addressing the critical issue of drowsy driving, it contributes significantly to the overall safety of drivers and passengers alike, making our roads a safer place for everyone.

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Integrating Exact Simulation into Sweeping for Datapath Combinational Equivalence Checking

Integrating Exact Simulation into Sweeping for Datapath Comb...

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IEEE International Conference on computer-Aided Design

作者： Zhihan Chen Xindi Zhang Yuhang Qian Qiang Xu Shaowei Cai School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Computer Science & Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong

In the application of IC design for microprocessors, there are often demands for optimizing the implementation of datapath circuits, on which various arithmetic operations are performed. Combinational equivalence checking (CEC) plays an essential role in ensuring the correctness of design optimization. The most prevalent CEC algorithms are based on SAT sweeping, which utilizes SAT to prove the equivalence of the internal node pairs in topological order, and the equivalent nodes are merged. Datapath circuits usually contain equivalent pairs for which the transitive fan-in cones are small but have a high XOR chain density, and proving such node pairs is very difficult for SAT solvers. An exact probability-based simulation (EPS) is suitable for verifying such pairs, while this method is not suitable for pairs with many primary inputs due to the memory cost. We first reduce the memory cost of EPS and integrate it to improve the SAT sweeping method. Considering the complementary abilities of SAT and EPS, we design an engine selection heuristic to dynamically choose SAT or EPS in the sweeping process, according to XOR chain density. Our method is further improved by reducing unnecessary engine calls by detecting regularity. Experiments on a benchmark suite from industrial datapath circuits show that our method is much faster than the state-of-the-art CEC tool namely ABC ‘&cec’ on nearly all instances, and is more than 100× faster on 30% of the instances, 1000× faster on 12% of the instances.

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