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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Wen-Jie Xu, Yong Yang, Ching-Nung Gao, Pei-Pei Yu, Wen-Bin Nanjing210044 China Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Dong Hwa University Hualien974 Taiwan

Two quantum key agreement protocols using Bell states and Bell measurement were recently proposed by Shukla et al. [Quantum Inf. Process. 13, 2391(2014)]. However, Zhu et al. pointed out that there are some security flaws and proposed an improved version[Quantum Inf. Process. 14, 4245(2015)]. In this study, we will show Zhu et al.’s improvement still exists some security problems, and its efficiency is not high enough. For solving these problems, we utilize four Pauli operations {I, Z, X, Y } to encode two bits instead of the original two operations {I, X} to encode one bit, and then propose an efficient and secure arbitrary N-party quantum key agreement protocol. In the protocol, the channel checking with decoy single photons is introduced to avoid the eavesdropper’s flip attack, and a post-measurement mechanism is used to prevent against the collusion attack. The security analysis shows the present protocol can guarantee the correctness, security, privacy and fairness of quantum key agreement. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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Bridge the Gap between Supervised and Unsupervised Learning for Fine-Grained Classification

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Jiabao Li, Yang Wei, Xiu-Shen Li, Hang Miao, Zhuang Zhang, Rui Army Engineering University of PLA Jiangsu Nanjing210007 China PCA Lab Key Lab of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education Jiangsu Key Lab of Image and Video Understanding for Social Security School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Nanjing210094 China State Key Lab. for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China

Unsupervised learning technology has caught up with or even surpassed supervised learning technology in general object classification (GOC) and person re-identification (re-ID). However, it is found that the unsupervised learning of fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) is more challenging than GOC and person re-ID. In order to bridge the gap between unsupervised and supervised learning for FGVC, we investigate the essential factors for the performance gap. Furthermore, we propose a simple, effective, and practical method, termed as UFCL, to alleviate the gap. Three key issues are concerned and improved: First, we introduce a robust and powerful backbone, ResNet50-IBN, which has an ability of domain adaptation when we transfer ImageNet pre-trained models to FGVC tasks. Next, we propose to introduce HDBSCAN instead of DBSCAN to do clustering, which can generate better clusters for adjacent categories with fewer hyper-parameters. Finally, we propose a weighted feature agent and its updating mechanism to do contrastive learning, which can improve the optimization process of learning the parameters of the network. The effectiveness of our UFCL is verified on four public FGVC datasets. Under the unsupervised FGVC setting, we achieve state-of-the-art results, and analyze the key factors and the important parameters to provide a practical guidance. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image classification

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QAIC: Quality-assured image crowdsourcing via blockchain and deep learning

QAIC: Quality-assured image crowdsourcing via blockchain and...

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International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design

作者： Baowei Wang Yi Yuan Bin Li Changyu Dai Yufeng Wu Weiqian Zheng School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of Education Nanjing China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET) Nanjing China

Recently, image crowdsourcing, a new trading mode, has been proposed to bridge the gap between the excess photos generated by intelligent devices and the great demand for images. However, traditional crowdsourcing methods often rely on centralized platforms, which risk data leakage and a single point of failure (SPOF). Moreover, due to the subjectivity of image quality assessment and the complexity of image data structure, image quality is difficult to control for traditional crowdsourcing frameworks without exposing data privacy. In this work, we propose a blockchain-based image crowdsourcing framework named QAIC to address these issues. Within the framework of QAIC, the transaction information is stored using a multichain structure, and the transaction process is implemented using smart contracts. We design an image selection and pricing mechanism for QAIC, where high-quality image sets can be spontaneously selected, and each image can be dynamically priced based on distortion degree and content relevance. Finally, to accurately obtain image quality, we design a dual output neural network model to evaluate the image quality, where a lightweight architecture is adopted, and piecewise outputs are designed to protect image privacy and reduce the on-chain computational cost Extensive analysis and experiments demonstrate that the quality of transaction data and reasonable pricing can be ensured using the QAIC without compromising image privacy.

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A Privacy Preserving Method for IoT Forensics

A Privacy Preserving Method for IoT Forensics

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Wenzheng Zhang Boxi Chen Xiao Fu Qing Gu Jin Shi Xiaojiang Du Xiaoyang Zhou State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Information Management Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ USA China Mobile Zijin(Jiangsu)Innovation Research Institute Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350351255

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351262

The diversity of the Internet of Things (IoT) poses challenges to privacy protection, especially in the field of digital forensics. How to ensure that only the private information of the suspect is provided, and not the irrelevant information of other users is disclosed is crucial, especially when obtaining evidence in the complex IoT environment. To the best of our knowledge, there are few studies on protecting the privacy of irrelevant users in the IoT forensics. However, it is very important to ensure that the evidence does not violate the privacy of other users when collecting evidence, because it directly determines whether the evidence is legal and whether it can be admissible in court. In this paper, a new method based on data provenance graph is designed to solve the privacy protection problem of IoT forensics. The key idea of this method is to protect privacy by dividing multi-user information and protecting it from an encryption perspective. The method consists of three main phrases: distinguishing different users' data provenance graphs using traversal search, node abstraction, and hiding techniques, utilizing pseudo-random dual-key negotiation methods tailored for the scenario to enhance privacy protection for unrelated users, and employing identity authentication technology to facilitate better investigation and extraction of data provenance graph information of criminal accomplices in specific scenarios. Example proves that this method has practical significance and promising application prospects in protecting the privacy of unrelated users in IoT forensics while ensuring evidence accessibility in special criminal scenarios.

关键词： Privacy Data privacy Digital forensics Semantics Authentication Smart homes Encryption Internet of Things Protection Monitoring

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Virtual Target Based Multi-agent Surrounding Approach

Virtual Target Based Multi-agent Surrounding Approach

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International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks, MSN

作者： Weiping Zhu Haoyang Li Ning Ding Yukang Chen Yufei Sun Chao Ma Wei Li School of Computer Science Wuhan University P. R. China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan University P. R. China School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology Science Center for Future Foods Jiangnan University P. R. China

ISBN: (数字)9798350358261

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358278

Multi-agent surrounding is a collaborative task that uses multiple agents to surround a stationary or moving target. Multi-agent surrounding has a wide range of applications, such as area monitoring of unmanned ships, environmental monitoring, and exploration of unknown environments. Existing work pay attention to the case of one-to-one surrounding of targets by agents, but there is a lack of consideration for the case where agents are not one-to-one with the target. In this paper, we propose the concept of virtual target, which is used as a mediator to realize the generic multi-agent surrounding a target. The main idea is to surround the actual target with the virtual target, while the agents surround the virtual target, where the generation of the virtual target is based on any given surrounding graph and random sampling, and the performance of the surrounding is ensured by the virtual target control algorithm and the agent controlling algorithm. The Lyapunov stability analysis and simulation results show that the proposed approach can make the virtual target fit the actual target effectively, and the agents can surround the actual target with the shape of the virtual target effectively.

关键词： Shape Simulation Fitting Stability analysis Sensors Reliability Environmental monitoring

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Front-end Control Mechanism of Electronic Records

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computer Systems Science & engineering 2021年第12期39卷 337-349页

作者： Jiang Xu Ling Wang Xinyu Liu Xiujuan Feng Yongjun Ren Jinyue Xia School of Computer and Software Engineering Research Center of Digital ForensicsMinistry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Mines China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China International Business Machines Corporation(IBM) NYUSA

In the digital era,how to ensure the authenticity and integrity of elec-tronic records has become an open challenging ***-end control is an important concept as well as a basic principle in electronic record *** the instruction of front-end control,many original management links in the record-management stage are required to move forward,and the managers enter the formation stage of the electronic records to ensure the ***-ever,the front-end control technique primarily focuses on transaction manage-ment,and it lacks the strategy of providing the control of electronic *** this paper,a novel electronic record front-end control mechanism is proposed by adopting proxy re-encryption and requiring archivists to participate in the man-agement of electronic records before the record is created to solve the ***,when an electronic record is generated,the proposed mechanism interacts with the producer of the electronic record to generate a corresponding encryption ***,electronic records are encrypted by the key to protect their confidentiality,which can prevent the leakage of electronic record *** addition,when transferring the electronic record,archivists use proxy re-encryption technology to convert electronic records,allowing management by an archivist,ensuring their originality and authenticity.

关键词： Electronic record front-end control proxy re-encryption

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Privacy-Preserving Quantum Two-Party Geometric Intersection

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Wen-Jie Xu, Yong Yang, James C.N. Yu, Wen-Bin Chi, Lian-Hua Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Dong Hwa University Hualien974 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology La Trobe University VIC3086 Australia

Privacy-preserving computational geometry is the research area on the intersection of the domains of secure multi-party computation (SMC) and computational geometry. As an important field, the privacy-preserving geometric intersection (PGI) problem is when each of the multiple parties has a private geometric graph and seeks to determine whether their graphs intersect or not without revealing their private information. In this study, through representing Alice’s (Bob’s) private geometric graph GA (GB ) as the set of numbered grids SA (SB ), an efficient privacy-preserving quantum two-party geometric intersection (PQGI) protocol is proposed. In the protocol, the oracle operation OA (OB ) is firstly utilized to encode the private elements of SA (a0, a1,, aM1) (SB (b0,b1,bN1)) into the quantum states, and then the oracle operation Of is applied to obtain a new quantum state which includes the XOR results between each element of SA and SB . Finally, the quantum counting is introduced to get the amount (t ) of the states ai bj equaling to 0, and the intersection result can be obtained by judging t 0 or not. Compared with classical PGI protocols, our proposed protocol not only has higher security, but also holds lower communication complexity. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Computational geometry

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Improving Deep Assertion Generation via Fine-Tuning Retrieval-Augmented Pre-trained Language Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Quanjun Fang, Chunrong Zheng, Yi Zhang, Yaxin Zhao, Yuan Huang, Rubing Zhou, Jianyi Yang, Yun Zheng, Tao Chen, Zhenyu Department of Computing Technologies Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne Australia State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Nanjing China Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. Ltd. Beijing China Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University Guangdong Shenzhen China

Unit testing validates the correctness of the units of the software system under test and serves as the cornerstone in improving software quality and reliability. To reduce manual efforts in writing unit tests, some techniques have been proposed to generate test assertions automatically, including deep learning (DL)-based, retrieval-based, and integration-based ones. Among them, recent integration-based approaches inherit from both DL-based and retrieval-based approaches and are considered state-of-the-art. Despite being promising, such integration-based approaches suffer from inherent limitations, such as retrieving assertions with lexical matching while ignoring meaningful code semantics, and generating assertions with a limited training corpus. In this paper, we propose a novel Retrieval-Augmented Deep Assertion Generation approach, namely RetriGen, based on a hybrid assertion retriever and a pre-trained language model (PLM)-based assertion generator. Given a focal-test, RetriGen first builds a hybrid assertion retriever to search for the most relevant test-assert pair from external codebases. The retrieval process takes both lexical similarity and semantical similarity into account via a token-based and an embedding-based retriever, respectively. RetriGen then treats assertion generation as a sequence-to-sequence task and designs a PLM-based assertion generator to predict a correct assertion with historical test-assert pairs and the retrieved external assertion. Although our concept is general and can be adapted to various off-the-shelf encoder-decoder PLMs, we implement RetriGen to facilitate assertion generation based on the recent CodeT5 model. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate RetriGen against six state-of-the-art approaches across two large-scale datasets and two metrics. The experimental results demonstrate that RetriGen achieves 57.66% and 73.24% in terms of accuracy and CodeBLEU, outperforming all baselines with an average improvement of 50.66

关键词： Semantics

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Optimized MARL for Latency-Sensitive Collaborative Service Placement in Edge Computing

Optimized MARL for Latency-Sensitive Collaborative Service P...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS)

作者： Guoqiang Liu Xiaolong Xu Xiyuan Xu Xinyue Ji Lianyong Qi Xuyun Zhang School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Advanced Computing and Intelligent Services Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China College of Computer Science and Technology China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao China School of Computing Macquarie University Sydney Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798350368550

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368567

By distributing computing and storage resources to edge servers (ESs), edge computing enables service execution closer to requests, alleviating high latency caused by long-distance data transmission. The communication between ESs facilitates collaborative service placement (CSP) on multiple ESs, leading to latency reduction and thereby improving the quality of service. However, the discrepancies in service request distributions among ESs pose challenge to effective CSP, while limited prior knowledge further increases the difficulty in policy formation. Additionally, the delayed awareness of placement strategies among other ESs exacerbates the influence of non-Markovian nature. To overcome above challenges, a leader-follower based multi-agent reinforcement learning for CSP scheme, named LFMCSP, is proposed in this paper. Specifically, a CSP model is formulated, with ESs abstracted as intelligent agents within it. Then, the Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (MADDPG) algorithm is utilized to explore potential patterns in complex requests by experience sharing. To achieve transparency of global states for all agents, the leader-follower architecture is integrated into MADDPG. Through rigorous experiments and comparisons with various baseline schemes, LFMCSP demonstrates effectiveness in reducing service execution delays.

关键词： Collaboration computer architecture Quality of service Reinforcement learning Space exploration Service-oriented architecture Delays Servers Intelligent agents Edge computing

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Methods for Monitoring the Photovoltaic Panel: A Review

Methods for Monitoring the Photovoltaic Panel: A Review

引用

International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics

作者： Yongheng Shang Haiyu He Zilun Zhang Xiaoyu Zhang Zhengwei Shen Jianwei Yin Xiaoye Miao JunHan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China School of Software Engineering Zhejiang University Ningbo China School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Research Institute of Hainan Zhejiang University Sanya China Polytechnic Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou China State Grid Jiangsu Economic Research Institute Najing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350380606

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380613

With the rapid development of Photovoltaic (PV) solar energy technology, a vast array of PV systems have been installed globally. According to the latest reports from the International Energy Agency (IEA), an astonishing 420GW of solar power has been installed, representing a doubling of solar energy capacity from 2022 to 2023, equivalent to the entire world’s output in 2022. PV systems primarily fall into two categories: centralized large-scale PV power stations and distributed rooftop PV systems. Centralized PV power stations transmit their generated energy efficiently into the power grid through dedicated transmission lines. Conversely, distributed rooftop PV systems feed energy back into the grid via inverters positioned close to the roof-mounted panels. However, the increasing installation of photovoltaic panels poses significant challenges to the resilience and carrying capacity of the power grid, potentially compromising its safety, especially during peak daylight hours. Therefore, diligent monitoring of photovoltaic panel installations and precise estimation of the peak power fed into the national grid are of utmost importance. Currently, two primary methodologies are utilized for this purpose: hardware-based monitoring and remote sensing techniques. The hardware approach offers unparalleled accuracy by directly reading parameters from photovoltaic systems, but it comes with a substantial cost. In contrast, remote sensing methods, which employ satellites, video, or infrared imagery, provide a cost-effective, convenient, and standardized approach to estimating power generation across vast areas. This comprehensive review examines the various methodologies used for photovoltaic monitoring, aiming to provide a robust foundation for the future development of solar photovoltaic power generation. By doing so, it significantly contributes to the advancement and widespread adoption of clean energy solutions, paving the way for a greener and more sustainable future f

关键词： Photovoltaic systems Green energy Wireless sensor networks Image resolution Solar energy Planning Safety

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