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arXiv 2022年

作者： Schauer, Lucas Schmidt, Michael J. Engdahl, Nicholas B. Pankavich, Stephen D. Benson, David A. Bolster, Diogo Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO80401 United States Center for Computing Research Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM87185 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Washington State University PullmanWA99164 United States Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program Department of Geology and Geological Engineering Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO80401 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN46556 United States

We develop a multi-dimensional, parallelized domain decomposition strategy (DDC) for mass-transfer particle tracking (MTPT) methods. These methods are a type of Lagrangian algorithm for simulating reactive transport and are able to be parallelized by employing large numbers of CPU cores to accelerate run times. In this work, we investigate different procedures for "tiling" the domain in two and three dimensions, (2-d and 3-d), as this type of formal DDC construction is currently limited to 1-d. An optimal tiling is prescribed based on physical problem parameters and the number of available CPU cores, as each tiling provides distinct results in both accuracy and run time. We further extend the most efficient technique to 3-d for comparison, leading to an analytical discussion of the effect of dimensionality on strategies for implementing DDC schemes. Increasing computational resources (cores) within the DDC method produces a trade-off between inter-node communication and on-node work. For an optimally subdivided diffusion problem, the 2-d parallelized algorithm achieves nearly perfect linear speedup in comparison with the serial run up to around 2700 cores, reducing a 5-hour simulation to 8 seconds, and the 3-d algorithm maintains appreciable speedup up to 1700 cores. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lagrange multipliers

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Agent-based and continuum models for spatial dynamics of infection by oncolytic viruses

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Morselli, David Delitala, Marcello Edoardo Frascoli, Federico Department of Mathematical Sciences "G. L. Lagrange" Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino10129 Italy Department of Mathematics School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology John St HawthornVIC3122 Australia Department of Mathematics "G. Peano" Università di Torino Via Carlo Alberto 10 Torino10124 Italy

The use of oncolytic viruses as cancer treatment has received considerable attention in recent years, however the spatial dynamics of this viral infection is still poorly understood. We present here a stochastic agent-based model describing infected and uninfected cells for solid tumours, which interact with viruses in the absence of an immune response. Two kinds of movement, namely undirected random and pressure-driven movements, are considered: the continuum limit of the models is derived and a systematic comparison between the systems of partial differential equations and the individual-based model, in one and two dimensions, is carried out. In the case of undirected movement, a good agreement between agent-based simulations and the numerical and well-known analytical results for the continuum model is possible. For pressure-driven motion, instead, we observe a wide parameter range in which the infection of the agents remains confined to the center of the tumour, even though the continuum model shows traveling waves of infection;outcomes appear to be more sensitive to stochasticity and uninfected regions appear harder to invade, giving rise to irregular, unpredictable growth patterns. Our results show that the presence of spatial constraints in tumours’ microenvironments limiting free expansion has a very significant impact on virotherapy. Outcomes for these tumours suggest a notable increase in variability. All these aspects can have important effects when designing individually tailored therapies where virotherapy is included. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Tumors

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Detection and Classification of Skin Cancer by Using a Parallel Deconvolutional Network Model

Detection and Classification of Skin Cancer by Using a Paral...

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Interdisciplinary Humanitarian Conference for Sustainability (IIHC), International

作者： M. Sangeetha C. Karthikeyini S. Vasundhara D. Saravanan G. Arunkumar Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing SRMIST Kattankulathur C Department of ECE Excel Engineering College Komarapalayam Tamil Nadu Department of Humanities & Mathematics Affiliates JNTUH G.Narayanamma Institute of Technology &Science Hyderabad Department of CSE IFET College of Engineering Villupuram Tamil Nadu Department of CSE Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science Madanapalle Andhra Pradesh

Skin Cancer is one of the most common cancer forms in many countries, it is considered to be one of the dangerous types in the sense that it is lethal and its occurrence over time has been dramatically high. It is one of the deadliest cancers among all diseases and has a large rate of mortality. The efficiency of the earlier approaches to assess one of the most hazardous melanoma diagnosis in dermoscopic criteria are not up to the mark. Therefore, in this research, the work has been carried out in three stages in order to detect melanoma in an efficient manner. In the first stage, prior to the implementation of the image segmentation technique, noise elimination and pre-processing steps are carried out to remove the noise and to achieve better execution results. This segmentation model focuses on the separation of the interesting portions from the background and collects the necessary information from the neighboring pixels of the same category. Gaussian analytical patterns are used to handle the heterogeneous regions/sections of dermoscopy images whose mean and variance can be dynamic. In addition, the third stage of work is based on the texture classification, which is proposed as the CSTC-Mel Identification Model.

关键词： Image segmentation Adaptation models Solid modeling Shape Computational modeling Melanoma Feature extraction

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Using a shared, remote cluster for teaching HPC

Using a shared, remote cluster for teaching HPC

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IEEE International Conference on Cluster computing

作者： Clay Carley Larry Sells Brett McKinney Chao Zhao Henry Neeman Department of Mathematics & Computer Science East Central University Ada OK USA Tandy School of Computer Science University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA Meinders School of Business Oklahoma City University Oklahoma City OK USA Department of Computing & Technology Cameron University Lawton OK USA College of Engineering/Information Technology University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA

Production clusters are a common environment for programming assignments in courses involving High Performance computing, but they can present challenges, especially in the context of use by courses at institutions remote from these resources. In the context of the Oklahoma Cyberinfrastructure Initiative, the University of Oklahoma has been providing its centrally managed clusters for use by courses statewide. This paper explores mechanisms for using this shared, remote resource for teaching, and advocates in favor of such use.

关键词： Parallel processing Educational institutions Computer science Proteins Production Bioinformatics

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Alternating strain regimes for failure propagation in flexural systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Garau, M. Nieves, M.J. Jones, I.S. Keele University School of Computing and Mathematics KeeleST5 5BG United Kingdom University of Cagliari Department of Mechanical Chemical and Material Engineering Cagliari09123 Mechanical Engineering and Materials Research Centre Liverpool John Moores University James Parsons Building Byrom Street LiverpoolL3 3AF United Kingdom

We consider both analytical and numerical studies of a steady-state fracture process inside a discrete mass-beam structure, composed of periodically placed masses connected by Euler-Bernoulli beams. A fault inside the structure is assumed to propagate with a constant speed and this occurs as a result of the action of a remote sinusoidal, mechanical load. The established regime of fracture corresponds to the case of an alternating generalised strain regime. The model is reduced to a Wiener-Hopf equation and its solution is presented. We determine the minimum feeding wave energy required for the steady-state fracture process to occur. In addition, we identify the dynamic features of the structure during the steady-state fracture regime. A transient analysis of this problem is also presented, where the existence of steady-state fracture regimes, revealed by the analytical model, are verified and the associated transient features of this process are *** Codes 74J40 Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fracture

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Use of robotics to stimulate imitation in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A pilot study in a clinical setting

Use of robotics to stimulate imitation in children with Auti...

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Daniela Conti Santo Di Nuovo Serafino Buono Grazia Trubia Alessandro Di Nuovo Doctoral School in Neuroscience University of Catania Catania Italy Department of Education University of Catania Catania Italy Psychology Operative Unit IRCCS “Maria SS” Troina EN Italy School of Computing and Mathematics Drake Circus PL4 8AA Plymouth UK and Faculty of Engineering and Architecture University of Enna Kore Viale delle Olimpiadi Enna Italy

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition in which deficits in social interaction and social communication can make everyday life difficult. The use of mechanical and electronic devices has proven to be effective in ASD therapy and recently Socially Assistive Robotics (SAR) research has suggested that robots are promising tools for the treatment of this disorder. Starting from these findings, our on-going research aims to identify effective modalities for treatment of ASD through interaction with a robot, and to integrate them into existing therapeutic protocols to improve their efficacy. In this paper we present some preliminary findings of our current work towards this objective. We detail the methodology and give the results of a pilot clinical trial, focused on imitation skills, with three children affected by ASD and Intellectual Disability (ID) under treatment in a research centre specialized in the care of children with disabilities. The success of the experiment suggests that the robot can be effectively integrated in the ASD therapies currently used in the centre. Analysis of these initial results encourages the development of effective protocols in which the robot becomes a mediator between the child with ASD and humans and suggests some research avenues for focus in the future.

关键词： Robots Autism Pediatrics Games Education Protocols

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Probing wave dynamics in the modified fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation: implications for ocean engineering

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2024年第2期56卷 228-228页

作者： Chou, Dean Boulaaras, Salah Mahmoud Rehman, Hamood Ur Iqbal, Ifrah Department of Biomedical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701401 Taiwan Miin Wu School of Computing National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701401 Taiwan Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701401 Taiwan National Center for High-performance Computing Hsinchu 300092 Taiwan Department of Mathematics College of Sciences and Arts in ArRass Qassim University Buraydah 51452 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics University of Okara Okara Pakistan

The nonlinear Schrödinger equation is used to model various phenomena, such as solitons self-focusing effects and rogue waves. In the ocean engineering, the modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation investigates the behavior of water waves, considering the complex interaction of dispersion nonlinearity, and dissipation effects. By introducing fractional derivatives to the model, the M-fractional conformable modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation allows for the investigation of fractional order effects, which can study more accurately the behavior of wave propagation in real-world ocean engineering. The novelty of our research lies in the application of of the M-fractional conformable derivative on the governed equation which represents an advancement in the existing work, which have used nonlinear Schrödinger equations without fractional derivatives. Two powerful techniques: the Jacobi elliptic function method and unified solver method are applied to attain solutions to the M-fractional modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The several results, including dark, bright, singular, periodic, and dark-bright soliton solutions are obtained which provide valuable insights into the complex behavior of water waves in ocean engineering. Additionally, 3D and contour graphs have been provided to visually illustrate the impact of the fractional order. We also illustrate these solutions at different values of the fractional order which explain how variations in this parameter affect wave propagation. These findings will contribute to the advancement of ocean engineering techniques, enhancing our ability to design and implement effective solutions for coastal protection, offshore structures, and marine renewable energy systems. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Fractional derivative Jacobi’s elliptic function method (JEFM) M-fractional conformable derivative (M-FCD) Mathematical model Modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation (MNLSE) Unified solver method (USM)

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Nucleation and phase transition of decagonal quasicrystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhou, Tiejun Zhang, Lei Zhang, Pingwen Shi, An-Chang Jiang, Kai Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing Ministry of Education School of Mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan University Hunan Xiangtan411105 China Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University Beijing100871 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University HamiltonL8S 4M1 Canada

In this work, we study the nucleation of quasicrystals from liquid or periodic crystals by developing an efficient order-order phase transition algorithm, namely the nullspace-preserving saddle search method. Specifically, we focus on nucleation and phase transitions of the decagonal quasicrystal (DQC) based on the Lifshitz-Petrich model. We present the nucleation path of DQC from the liquid and demonstrate one- and two-stage transition paths between DQC and periodic crystals. We provide a perspective of the group-subgroup phase transition and nucleation rates to understand the nucleation and phase transition mechanisms involving DQC. These results reveal the one-step and stepwise modes of symmetry breaking or recovery in the phase transition from DQC, where the stepwise modes are more probable. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quasicrystals

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LEI: Livestock Event Information Schema for Enabling Data Sharing

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Habib, Mahir Kabir, Muhammad Ashad Zheng, Lihong McGrath, Shawn School of Computing Mathematics and Engineering Charles Sturt University BathurstNSW2795 Australia Gulbali Institute for Agriculture Water and Environment Charles Sturt University Wagga WaggaNSW2678 Australia Fred Morley Centre School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga WaggaNSW2678 Australia Food Agility CRC Ltd SydneyNSW2000 Australia

Data-driven advances have resulted in significant improvements in dairy production. However, the meat industry has lagged behind in adopting data-driven approaches, underscoring the crucial need for data standardisation to facilitate seamless data transmission to maximise productivity, save costs, and increase market access. To address this gap, we propose a novel data schema, Livestock Event Information (LEI) schema, designed to accurately and uniformly record livestock events. LEI complies with the International Committee for Animal Recording (ICAR) and Integrity System Company (ISC) schemas to deliver this data standardisation and enable data sharing between producers and consumers. To validate the superiority of LEI, we conducted a structural metrics analysis and a comprehensive case study. The analysis demonstrated that LEI outperforms the ICAR and ISC schemas in terms of design, while the case study confirmed its superior ability to capture livestock event information. Our findings lay the foundation for the implementation of the LEI schema, unlocking the potential for data-driven advances in livestock management. Moreover, LEI's versatility opens avenues for future expansion into other agricultural domains, encompassing poultry, fisheries, and crops. The adoption of LEI promises substantial benefits, including improved data accuracy, reduced costs, and increased productivity, heralding a new era of sustainability in the meat industry. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Standardization

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Beyond the Black Box: Explainable AI for Glaucoma Detection and Future Improvements

Beyond the Black Box: Explainable AI for Glaucoma Detection ...

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International Conference on computing and Networking Technology (ICCNT)

作者： Avadhani Bindu Senthil Kumar Thangavel K Somasundaram Sathyan Parthasaradhi Ram Gopal Pulgurthi Meenakshi Y Dhar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham India Department of Mathematics Amrita School of Physical Sciences Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham India Sathyan Eye Hospital and Coimbatore Glaucoma Foundation Ramanathapuram Coimbatore India Medivista Eye Centre Safilguda Secunderabad India Department of Ophthalmology Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Faridabad India

ISBN: (数字)9798350370249

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370270

Timely and precise identification of glaucoma is essential to avert irreversible vision loss. Automating glaucoma detection is essential whilst the disease worsens over time and manual screening methods possess limitations. It facilitates early identification and treatment in order to prevent the vision impairment. Machine learning and deep learning algorithms are efficient, nevertheless, they suffer from a lack of interpretability and require a substantial amount of data and computational resources. Transfer learning proves efficient by improving scarcity of data with enhanced performance. This study seeks to examine the operational characteristics of transfer learning approaches and employ XAI (eXplainable Artificial Intelligence) method LIME to achieve clear interpretability of the features obtained by the model for prediction, so as to address the challenges related to interpretability. This study has used a combined dataset consisting of RIMONE, PAPILA, CHAKSU, and AKSHI (a dataset created by the authors) to develop ResNet-50, ResNet50-V2, VGG-16, VGG-19, and EfficientNet-V2S models. Among the developed five models, ResNet-50 and EfficientNet-V2S provide better accuracy as demonstrated in this study with an analysis using metrics and feature visualization. Both models attain a maximum test accuracy of ${91.78\%}$ and the minimum test loss of, with ResNet-50 at 0.24 and EfficientNet-V2S at 0.23. In addition, these models demonstrate superior precision, specificity, sensitivity, and F1-score, all around 92. Further, feature maps and class activation maps for ResNet-50 and EfficientNet-V2S show distinct and concentrated zones of activation, indicating accurate interpretation. Thus, in this comparative study, ResNet-50 and EfficientNet-V2S are choosen as the best models for this classification task owing to their high accuracy and reliable interpretability via visual activation patterns. Consequently, the mobile app ANSAN has been integrated with the ideal clinical

关键词： Glaucoma Deep learning Visualization Accuracy Sensitivity Explainable AI Computational modeling Transfer learning Decision making Visual impairment

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