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When Software Security Meets Large Language Models:A Survey

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第2期12卷 317-334页

作者： Xiaogang Zhu Wei Zhou Qing-Long Han Wanlun Ma Sheng Wen Yang Xiang IEEE the School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences the University of Adelaide the School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology

Software security poses substantial risks to our society because software has become part of our life. Numerous techniques have been proposed to resolve or mitigate the impact of software security issues. Among them, software testing and analysis are two of the critical methods, which significantly benefit from the advancements in deep learning technologies. Due to the successful use of deep learning in software security, recently,researchers have explored the potential of using large language models(LLMs) in this area. In this paper, we systematically review the results focusing on LLMs in software security. We analyze the topics of fuzzing, unit test, program repair, bug reproduction, data-driven bug detection, and bug triage. We deconstruct these techniques into several stages and analyze how LLMs can be used in the stages. We also discuss the future directions of using LLMs in software security, including the future directions for the existing use of LLMs and extensions from conventional deep learning research.

关键词： Large language models (LLMs) software analysis software security software testing

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Heuristical Comparison of Vision Transformers Against Convolutional Neural Networks for Semantic Segmentation on Remote Sensing Imagery

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 17364-17373页

作者： Dahal, Ashim Murad, Saydul Akbar Rahimi, Nick University of Southern Mississippi School of Computing Sciences and Computer Engineering Hattiesburg United States

Vision Transformers (ViT) have recently brought a new wave of research in the field of computer vision. These models have done particularly well in the field of image classification and segmentation. Research on semantic and instance segmentation has emerged to accelerate with the inception of the new architecture, with over 80% of the top 20 benchmarks for the iSAID dataset being either based on the ViT architecture or the attention mechanism behind its success. This paper focuses on the heuristic comparison of three key factors of using (or not using) ViT for semantic segmentation of remote sensing aerial images on the iSAID. The experimental results observed during the course of the research were under the scrutinization of the following objectives: 1. Use of weighted fused loss function for the maximum mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) score, Dice score, and minimization or conservation of entropy or class representation, 2. Comparison of transfer learning on Meta's MaskFormer, a ViT-based semantic segmentation model, against generic UNet Convolutional Neural networks (CNNs) judged over mIoU, Dice scores, training efficiency, and inference time, and 3. What do we lose for what we gain? i.e., the comparison of the two models against current state-of-art segmentation models. We show the use of the novel combined weighted loss function significantly boosts the CNN model's performance capacities as compared to transfer learning the ViT. The code for this implementation can be found on https://***/ashimdahal/ViT-vs-CNN-Image-Segmentation. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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The Security of Using Large Language Models:A Survey With Emphasis on ChatGPT

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 1-26页

作者： Wei Zhou Xiaogang Zhu Qing-Long Han Lin Li Xiao Chen Sheng Wen Yang Xiang the School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology IEEE the School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences the University of Adelaide Adelaide the Faculty of Science and Engineering Southern Cross University the School of Information and Physical Sciences the University of Newcastle

ChatGPT is a powerful artificial intelligence(AI)language model that has demonstrated significant improvements in various natural language processing(NLP) tasks. However, like any technology, it presents potential security risks that need to be carefully evaluated and addressed. In this survey, we provide an overview of the current state of research on security of using ChatGPT, with aspects of bias, disinformation, ethics, misuse,attacks and privacy. We review and discuss the literature on these topics and highlight open research questions and future *** this survey, we aim to contribute to the academic discourse on AI security, enriching the understanding of potential risks and mitigations. We anticipate that this survey will be valuable for various stakeholders involved in AI development and usage, including AI researchers, developers, policy makers, and end-users.

关键词： Artificial intelligence (AI) ChatGPT large language models (LLMs) security

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Spatiotemporal Pre-Trained Large Language Model for Forecasting with Missing Values

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第10期12卷 13838-13850页

作者： Fang, Le Xiang, Wei Pan, Shirui Salim, Flora D. Chen, Yi-Ping Phoebe Tianjin University School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin China La Trobe University School of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Melbourne3086 Australia James Cook University College of Science and Engineering CairnsQLD4870 Australia Griffith University School of Information and Communication Technology BrisbaneQLD Australia UNSW University School of Computer Science and Engineering Sydney Australia La Trobe University School of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Sciences MelbourneVIC3086 Australia

Spatiotemporal data collected by sensors within an urban Internet of Things (IoT) system inevitably contains some missing values, which significantly affects the accuracy of spatiotemporal data forecasting. However, existing techniques, including those based on Large Language Models (LLMs), show limited effectiveness in forecasting with missing values, especially in scenarios involving high-dimensional sensor data. In this article, we propose a novel spatiotemporal pre-trained large language model dubbed SPLLM for forecasting with missing values. In this network, we seamlessly integrate a specialized spatiotemporal fusion Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) module that extracts intricate spatiotemporal and graph-based information, for generating suitable inputs to the SPLLM. Furthermore, we propose a Feed-Forward Network (FFN) fine-tuning strategy within the LLM and a final fusion layer to enable the model to leverage the pre-trained foundational knowledge of the LLM and adapt to new incomplete data simultaneously. The experimental results indicate that SPLLM outperforms state-of-the-art models on real-world public datasets. Notably, SPLLM exhibits a superior performance in tackling incomplete sensory data with a variety of missing rates. A comprehensive ablation study of key components is conducted to demonstrate their efficiency. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting Spatiotemporal phenomena Predictive models Sensors Data models Time series analysis Adaptation models Internet of Things Large language models Accuracy

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Adaptive Attribute-Based Honey Encryption: A Novel Solution for Cloud Data Security

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2637-2664页

作者： Reshma Siyal Muhammad Asim Long Jun Mohammed Elaffendi Sundas Iftikhar Rana Alnashwan Samia Allaoua Chelloug School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China EIAS LAB College of Computer and Information Sciencesand Center of Excellence in Quantum and Intelligent ComputingPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Gianforte School of Computing Montana State UniversityBozemanMT 59717USA Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

A basic procedure for transforming readable data into encoded forms is encryption, which ensures security when the right decryption keys are used. Hadoop is susceptible to possible cyber-attacks because it lacks built-in security measures, even though it can effectively handle and store enormous datasets using the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The increasing number of data breaches emphasizes how urgently creative encryption techniques are needed in cloud-based big data settings. This paper presents Adaptive Attribute-Based Honey Encryption (AABHE), a state-of-the-art technique that combines honey encryption with Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) to provide improved data security. Even if intercepted, AABHE makes sure that sensitive data cannot be accessed by unauthorized parties. With a focus on protecting huge files in HDFS, the suggested approach achieves 98% security robustness and 95% encryption efficiency, outperforming other encryption methods including Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE), Key-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (KB-ABE), and Advanced Encryption Standard combined with Attribute-Based Encryption (AES+ABE). By fixing Hadoop’s security flaws, AABHE fortifies its protections against data breaches and enhances Hadoop’s dependability as a platform for processing and storing massive amounts of data.

关键词： Cybersecurity data security cloud storage hadoop encryption and decryption privacy protection attribute-based honey encryption

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Artificial intelligence algorithms for object detection and recognition in video and images

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-18页

作者： Dakshinamoorthy, Prabakar Rajaram, Gnanajeyaraman garg, Shruti Murugan, Prabhu Manimaran, A. Sundar, Ramesh Department of Data Science and Business System School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology SRM Nagar Kattankulathur Chennai India Department of Computer Science Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Tamilnadu Chennai India Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchi India Department of ECE Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai602105 India Department of Computer Science Engineering Saveetha School Of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai6021055 India Department of Netwoking and Communication School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology SRM Nagar Kattankulathur Chennai India

The usage of machine learning and deep learning algorithms have necessitated Artificial Intelligence'. AI is aimed at automating things by limiting human interference. It is widely used in IT, healthcare, finance, and agriculture. It is achieved through several deep learning algorithms that reflect the human brain's intelligence. These AI algorithms can be manipulated according to changing needs and improved efficiency. This paper tries to utilize the developments made in AI technology to classify the images and recognize the objects present in them. One widely used AI algorithm is CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks). The CNN is a deep learning-based algorithm that consists of various layers that extract and filters the parameters present in the images. Some additional layers of ResNet50 and the CNN algorithm are used to extract the parameters to improve image recognition accuracy. The image dataset taken for training and testing the proposed model is imageNet. The images are initially processed before sending them to the proposed model. The proposed model is trained, validated, and tested through the images obtained after the initial processing. The same process is repeated several times until getting the maximum accuracy. The accuracy of the proposed model in terms of image recognition is recorded. The obtained results are compared with other image classification algorithms like VGG16 and VGG19. It is concluded that the proposed model outperforms other traditional methods in terms of accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Agri-Ontology: A Novel Ontology Framework for Agricultural Domain 3

Agri-Ontology: A Novel Ontology Framework for Agricultural D...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Deepa, R. Jayaraman, Venkatesh Srinivasulu, Senduru Umamageswari, B. Surendran, R. Srm Institute of Science & Technology School of Computing Department of Computing Technologies Kattankulathur Tamilnadu Chennai603203 India Chennai Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai600069 India Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai600119 India Srm Institute of Science & Technology School of Computing Department of Computing Technologies Chennai600119 India Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha School of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

The agricultural information system deals with massive amounts of data from heterogeneous sources. It helps the farmers gain accurate information by providing better insights. A significant issue in agricultural data is its unstructured form, which can be resolved through ontology - a novel framework known as AgriOntology is proposed to address this issue for the Agrovoc dataset. The data in the unstructured form is initially pre-processed through the Natural Language Processing approach to generate features for ontology construction. The BERT and Jaccard similarity are applied to establish a relationship between the features used to construct the Agri-Ontology. Post ontology construction, the BiGAN framework is used to analyze the performance. The performance of the constructed ontology is observed to have an accuracy of 94.64%, which is higher than the existing models. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Data assimilation

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Identification and Classification of Medicinal Plants using Machine Learning Algorithms 3

Identification and Classification of Medicinal Plants using ...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Bhargavi, G. Jayaraman, Venkatesh Jabez, J. Deepa, R. Surendran, R. Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computing Technologies Chennai India Chennai Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai600069 India Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Srm Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Department of Computing Technologies Kattankulathur Tamilnadu Chennai603203 India Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha School of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

The increaing significance of plant life and botanical expertise extends beyond mere visual appreciation. With the growing interest in sustainable living and alternative remedies, there is a pressing demand for easily accessible and credible information on plant categorization, particularly focusing on medicinal plants. This innovative project synergizes machine learning capabilities, botanical proficiency, and user-friendly technology to give users the insights required to harness the benefits of medicinal plants responsibly and sustainably. The platform facilitates precise categorization and a comprehensive understanding of the therapeutic attributes of plants. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Medicinal chemistry

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Improving energy efficiency in scalable WSNs through IoT-driven approach

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-11页

作者： Singh, Omkar Kushwaha, Ajay Shriram Sharma, Col. Rahul Kumar, Lalit National Institute of Fashion Technology Bihar Patna India Department of Computer Science & Application Sharda School of Computing Sciences & Engineering Sharda University UP Greater Noida India School of Computer Science & Engineering ILM University Greater Noida India

A novel QoS-Driven Optimization for Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing (QDOEECR) protocol tailored for IoT-based Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), addressing the critical challenge of energy efficiency in sensor nodes with limited battery life. The protocol’s innovative approach lies in its advanced techniques for optimizing the selection of sub-sink nodes and identifying the optimal path to the sink node, ensuring improved adherence to Quality of Service (QoS) standards. Performance evaluations, conducted through MATLAB simulations, demonstrate the QDOEECR protocol's superior performance, achieving significant advancements over existing routing protocols. These include 30–35% reduction in end-to-end delay, 25–30% improvement in throughput, 35–40% decrease in energy consumption, 28–32% reduction in packet loss, and 32–38% extension in network lifetime. These results establish QDOEECR as a groundbreaking solution that not only enhances energy efficiency but also elevates network performance metrics beyond the capabilities of current state-of-the-art protocols like CBCCP, HCSM, and ZEAL. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： CBCCP HCSM IoT QDOEECR WSN ZEAL

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Improving graph collaborative filtering with network motifs

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Neural computing and Applications 2025年 1-20页

作者： Zhang, Yuqi Yu, Jian Liu, Zhizhong Wang, Guiling Nguyen, Minh Sheng, Quan Z. Wang, Nancy Department of Computer and Information Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland Central1010 New Zealand School of Computer and Control Engineering Yantai University Shandong Yantai264005 China School of Information Science and Technology North China University of Technology Beijing100144 China School of Computing Macquarie University SydneyNSW2109 Australia

Deep learning on graphs, specifically graph convolutional networks (GCNs), has exhibited exceptional efficacy in the domain of recommender systems. Most GCNs have a message-passing architecture that enables nodes to aggregate information from neighbours iteratively through multiple layers. This enables GCNs to learn from higher-order information, but the model does not allow for direct captions of the local structural patterns. Our rationale is to investigate the effectiveness of capturing such local patterns for graph-based collaborative filtering to enhance model’s learning ability per layer. This technique combines lower-order and higher-order interactions during layer-wise propagation. In this paper, we propose MotifGCN to aggregate both lower-order and higher-order information in each graph convolution layer. Specifically, we develop dedicated algorithms of generating motif adjacency matrices. The matrices are then used for motif-enhanced neighbourhood aggregation in each layer. As this paper focuses on recommender systems, MotifGCN is built on the basis of bipartite graphs. Our experiments on four real-world datasets show that MotifGCN has a superior performance compared to various state-of-the-art methods. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Collaborative filtering

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