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21st IEEE International Colloquium on Signal Processing and Its Applications, CSPA 2025

作者： Yi Hoong, Jared Tan Ajibade, Samuel-Soma M. Jasser, Muhammed Basheer Abdul Majeed, Anwar P.P. Alebiosu, David Olayemi Issa, Bayan Adediran, Anthonia Oluwatosin Chen Kwan, Charis Shwu Sunway University No.5 Jalan Universiti School of Engineering and Technology Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia University of Aleppo Faculty of Informatics Engineering Syria Universiti Malaya Faculty of Built Environment Department of Real Estate Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Sunway University No.5 Jalan Universiti School of Engineering and Technology Department of Smart Computing and Cyber Resilience Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522193

The prediction of breast cancer prognosis has been a significant challenge in medical research due to the complex nature of cancer progression and the variability in patient-specific factors. Machine learning techniques have emerged as powerful tools for enhancing prediction accuracy in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. This study evaluates the performance of three widely used machine learning classifiers - Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) - in predicting breast cancer outcomes using the Wisconsin Breast Cancer database. A robust framework was designed to preprocess the dataset, scale features, and assess the classifiers using key evaluation metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC). The results reveal that all classifiers demonstrated high predictive accuracy, with SVM achieving the highest accuracy of 97.08%, followed by RF and ANN with 96.67%. While RF recorded superior precision (95.40%), SVM outperformed others in recall (97.70%) and F1-score (96.05%), showcasing its ability to balance prediction precision and sensitivity. These findings underscore the potential of machine learning to augment traditional cancer prognosis methods, providing healthcare professionals with data-driven insights for personalized treatment strategies. This research highlights the critical role of machine learning in transforming cancer care and lays the groundwork for future studies focused on hybrid models and real-world implementation. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Personalized medicine

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Safe Exploitative Play with Untrusted Type Beliefs

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Tongxin Handina, Tinashe Ren, Shaolei Wierman, Adam School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Computing + Mathematical Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena United States Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Riverside United States

The combination of the Bayesian game and learning has a rich history, with the idea of controlling a single agent in a system composed of multiple agents with unknown behaviors given a set of types, each specifying a possible behavior for the other agents. The idea is to plan an agent’s own actions with respect to those types which it believes are most likely to maximize the payoff. However, the type beliefs are often learned from past actions and likely to be incorrect. With this perspective in mind, we consider an agent in a game with type predictions of other components, and investigate the impact of incorrect beliefs to the agent’s payoff. In particular, we formally define a tradeoff between risk and opportunity by comparing the payoff obtained against the optimal payoff, which is represented by a gap caused by trusting or distrusting the learned beliefs. Our main results characterize the tradeoff by establishing upper and lower bounds on the Pareto front for both normal-form and stochastic Bayesian games, with numerical results provided. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Intelligent Fast Cell Association Scheme Based on Deep Q-Learning in Ultra-Dense Cellular Networks

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China Communications 2021年第2期18卷 259-270页

作者： Jinhua Pan Lusheng Wang Hai Lin Zhiheng Zha Caihong Kai Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Ministry of Education.School of Computer Science and Information EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230601China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industry Safety and Emergency Technology Hefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of Education.School of Cyber Science and EngineeringWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

To support dramatically increased traffic loads,communication networks become *** cell association(CA)schemes are timeconsuming,forcing researchers to seek fast *** paper proposes a deep Q-learning based scheme,whose main idea is to train a deep neural network(DNN)to calculate the Q values of all the state-action pairs and the cell holding the maximum Q value is *** the training stage,the intelligent agent continuously generates samples through the trial-anderror method to train the DNN until *** the application stage,state vectors of all the users are inputted to the trained DNN to quickly obtain a satisfied CA result of a scenario with the same BS locations and user *** demonstrate that the proposed scheme provides satisfied CA results in a computational time several orders of magnitudes shorter than traditional ***,performance metrics,such as capacity and fairness,can be guaranteed.

关键词： ultra-dense cellular networks(UDCN) cell association(CA) deep Q-learning proportional fairness Q-learning

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Mixup data Augmentation and Channel-Spatial Attention Mechanisms for Facial Emotion Recognition

Mixup Data Augmentation and Channel-Spatial Attention Mechan...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information (IT) in Medicine and Education, ITME

作者： Dewei Yu Chuijian Kong Xianpiao Tang Daoxun Xia School of Big Data and Computer Science Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China Key Laboratory of Information and Computing Science Guizhou Province Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Big Data in Education Guizhou Normal Universitya Guiyang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350356670

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356687

With the rapid advancement of computer vision, facial expression recognition has made significant progress in areas like human-computer interaction, mental health, driver assistance, and education. However, traditional facial expression recognition techniques exhibit poor robustness under complex backgrounds and varying lighting conditions, making them susceptible to environmental noise and challenging to accurately capture and classify complex emotional states. Additionally, these techniques often lack in data augmentation and model generalization capabilities, leading to overfitting on training samples and insufficient recognition of unseen samples. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel convolutional neural network model—HSCNet (A Hybrid data Augmentation and Channel-Spatial Attention Mechanisms Neural Network). The HSCNet model first employs the Mixup data augmentation technique to generate new training samples, then utilizes the Res2Net50 backbone network combined with the CBAM attention mechanism and average-max pooling techniques to extract significant features while suppressing redundant ones. This approach not only enhances feature extraction accuracy but also significantly improves the model’s generalization ability and robustness in facial expression recognition tasks. Finally, tested on the public dataset FERPlus, which includes eight types of emotions, the HSCNet model achieved an accuracy rate of 89.72%, demonstrating excellent performance and robustness.

关键词： Training Emotion recognition Attention mechanisms Accuracy Face recognition Lighting Feature extraction data augmentation data models Robustness

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Computable Model-Independent Bounds for Adversarial Quantum Machine Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Bacui Alpcan, Tansu Thapa, Chandra Parampalli, Udaya Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC3010 Australia School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC3010 Australia CSIRO Data61 Sydney Australia

By leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, QML opens doors to novel approaches in machine learning and offers potential speedup. However, machine learning models are well-documented to be vulnerable to malicious manipulations, and this susceptibility extends to the models of QML. This situation necessitates a thorough understanding of QML’s resilience against adversarial attacks, particularly in an era where quantum computing capabilities are expanding. In this regard, this paper examines model-independent bounds on adversarial performance for QML. To the best of our knowledge, we introduce the first computation of an approximate lower bound for adversarial error when evaluating model resilience against sophisticated quantum-based adversarial attacks. Experimental results are compared to the computed bound, demonstrating the potential of QML models to achieve high robustness. In the best case, the experimental error is only 10% above the estimated bound, offering evidence of the inherent robustness of quantum models. This work not only advances our theoretical understanding of quantum model resilience but also provides a precise reference bound for the future development of robust QML algorithms. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Resolution-Adaptive Representation Learning via Eliminating Abnormal Features for Cross-Resolution Person Re-Identification

Resolution-Adaptive Representation Learning via Eliminating ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information (IT) in Medicine and Education, ITME

作者： Xing Lu Fengshan Lai Zhixiang Cao Daoxun Xia School of Big Data and Computer Science Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China Key Laboratory of Information and Computing Science Guizhou Province Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Big Data in Education Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350356670

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356687

Cross-resolution person re-identification(CR-ReID) seeks to overcome the challenge of retrieving and matching specific person images across cameras with varying resolutions. Numerous existing studies utilize established CNNs and ViTs models to resize captured low-resolution (LR) images and align them with high-resolution (HR) image features. However, these methods overlook the potential feature connections between LR and HR images. Consequently, CNNs or ViTs tend to highlight outliers rather than the intended characteristics in LR image attention maps. In this work, we propose the abnormal feature elimination and reconfiguration transformer (ART) network, a novel network architecture, for robust cross-resolution person re-identification tasks. Our proposed method uses a resolution feature discriminator to learn resolution invariant features and outputs feature matrices of images with different resolutions. We utilize output feature matrices to model LR and HR image interactions through cross-resolution landmark agent attention. We aim to mitigate abnormal image features and prioritize the attention on the target person by learning representations from input images of various resolutions. Extensive evaluations on three real-world datasets confirm the excellent results of our approach.

关键词： Representation learning Image resolution Pedestrians Computational modeling Subspace constraints Network architecture Transformers Hardware Information technology Identification of persons

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Vehicle Insurance Damage Estimation Using YOLOv5

Vehicle Insurance Damage Estimation Using YOLOv5

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International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems (ICPECTS)

作者： R Subash Banu Priya Prathaban Ganeshkumar N Gopinathan S Department of Computing Technologies School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chennai India Department of Networking and Communications School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM School of Technology Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management GITAM (Deemed to be University) Bengaluru Karnataka India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Sri Sai Ram Institute of Technology Chennai India

ISBN: (数字)9798331508845

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508852

Accident assessments for insurance companies are currently conducted manually, which can be time-consuming and prone to human error. The proposed method seeks to automate this process, aiming to save time and enhance accuracy. This paper introduces an innovative approach to analyzing object damage by leveraging the advanced YOLOv5 (You Only Look One Level) deep learning architecture. The research is meticulously crafted to address the imperative need for robust and precise detection and classification of damaged objects in images, crucial for effective assessment of structural and environmental integrity. Leveraging the unparalleled real-time object detection capabilities of YOLOv5, the framework is finely tuned and trained on a comprehensive dataset encompassing diverse scenarios of damaged objects. Through exhaustive experimentation and validation, our methodology demonstrates substantial advancements, offering unparalleled efficiency and accuracy in the domain of object damage analysis. The findings of this study hold significant implications for a broad spectrum of applications, ranging from infrastructure monitoring to disaster response, underscoring the transformative potential of deep learning in enhancing critical assessment processes.

关键词： YOLO Deep learning Accuracy Insurance Process control Estimation Companies Real-time systems Distance measurement Monitoring

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FedMHO: Heterogeneous One-Shot Federated Learning Towards Resource-Constrained Edge Devices

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yao, Dezhong Shi, Yuexin Liu, Tongtong Xu, Zhiqiang National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence United Arab Emirates

Federated Learning (FL) is increasingly adopted in edge computing scenarios, where a large number of heterogeneous clients operate under constrained or sufficient resources. The iterative training process in conventional FL introduces significant computation and communication overhead, which is unfriendly for resource-constrained edge devices. One-shot FL has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate communication overhead, and model-heterogeneous FL solves the problem of diverse computing resources across clients. However, existing methods face challenges in effectively managing model-heterogeneous one-shot FL, often leading to unsatisfactory global model performance or reliance on auxiliary datasets. To address these challenges, we propose a novel FL framework named FedMHO, which leverages deep classification models on resource-sufficient clients and lightweight generative models on resource-constrained devices. On the server side, FedMHO involves a two-stage process that includes data generation and knowledge fusion. Furthermore, we introduce FedMHO-MD and FedMHO-SD to mitigate the knowledge-forgetting problem during the knowledge fusion stage, and an unsupervised data optimization solution to improve the quality of synthetic samples. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods, as they outperform state-of-the-art baselines in various experimental setups. Our code is available at https://***/YXShi2000/FedMHO. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Federated learning

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GradedDAG: An Asynchronous DAG-based BFT Consensus with Lower Latency

GradedDAG: An Asynchronous DAG-based BFT Consensus with Lowe...

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Reliable Distributed Systems

作者： Xiaohai Dai Zhaonan Zhang Jiang Xiao Jingtao Yue Xia Xie Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Hainan University China

To enable parallel processing, the Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) structure is introduced to the design of asyn-chronous Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocols, known as DAG-based BFT. Existing DAG-based BFT protocols operate in successive waves, with each wave containing three or four Reliable Broadcast (RBC) rounds to broadcast data, resulting in high latency due to the three communication steps required in each RBC. For instance, Tusk, a state-of-the-art DAG-based BFT protocol, has a good-case latency of 7 communication steps and an expected worst latency of 21 communication steps. To reduce latency, we propose GradedDAG, a new DAG-based BFT consensus protocol based on our adapted RBC called Graded RBC (GRBC) and the Consistent Broadcast (CBC), with each wave consisting of only one GRBC round and one CBC round. Through GRBC, a replica can deliver data with a grade of 1 or 2, and a non-faulty replica delivering the data with grade 2 can ensure that more than 2/3 of replicas have delivered the same data. Meanwhile, through CBC, data delivered by different non-faulty replicas must be identical. In each wave, a block in the GRBC round will be elected as the leader. If a leader block has been delivered with grade 2, it and all its ancestor blocks can be committed. GradedDAG offers a good-case latency of 4 communication steps and an expected worst latency of 7.5 communication steps, significantly lower than the state-of-the-art. Experimental results demonstrate GradedDAG's feasibility and efficiency.

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Prediction of AIDS/HIV Infection using Custom Artificial Neural Networks Model

Prediction of AIDS/HIV Infection using Custom Artificial Neu...

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Intelligent Systems and Computational Networks (ICISCN), International Conference on

作者： Sneha BJ Shriyashreshta Ashwini Kodipalli Roshan Joy Martis Ushasree. A Shridhar B. Devamane Department of AI & Data Science Global Academy of Technology Bangalore India Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Bangalore India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Gokaraju Lailavathi Engineering College Hyderabad India Department of CS School of Computing Amrita Vishwavidyapeetam Mysuru India

ISBN: (数字)9798331529246

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529253

HIV is a serious disease that impairs immunity. Without treatment, the infection may progress through three stages, which might drastically shorten a person's life. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are utilized to detect the HIV infection and even to find treatments for it. The AIDS viral infection is predicted in this review. The aim of ANN is to precisely classify patients according to whether or not they have HIV/AIDS. We have formed a custom ANN model and applied it to the Kaggle dataset that is accessible to the public, compared which optimizers offer the best accuracy and whether employing dropouts yields improved accuracy. With Gradient Descent, we achieved the maximum accuracy of 86.92% it is also one of the most commonly used optimizers due to its simplicity and effectiveness, followed by SGD with 86.45% it is a variation of gradient descent in which a random subset of data as opposed to the complete dataset is used to update the parameter and RMSprop with 86.21% uses the average of recent gradient magnitudes to modify the learning rate for each parameter. This aids with training stabilization, particularly when dealing with sparse or noisy data. The accuracy increased to 87.62% after we introduced dropouts to the hidden layer with optimizer as gradient descent, which produced the best results. Loss vs. Accuracy graphs and ROC curve have been plotted. With dropouts, the custom ANN model performed even better on the Gradient Descent optimizer.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Accuracy Reviews Computational modeling Artificial neural networks Predictive models data models Noise measurement Viruses (medical)

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