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Comprehensive Exploration of Smart Cities: A Systematic Review of Benefits, Challenges, and Future Directions in Telecommunications and Urban Development

IEEE Sensors Reviews

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IEEE Sensors Reviews 2025年 2卷 228-245页

作者： Olaoluwa J. Adeleke Kim D. Jovanovich Simeon Ogunbunmi Oluwarotimi Samuel Temitope O. Kehinde Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Orleans New Orleans LA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of New York (SUNY) Binghamton Binghamton NY USA School of Computing and Data Science Research Centre University of Derby Derby U.K. Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong

Smart Cities are considered the intersection of technology and urban development, aiming to create sustainable, efficient, and citizen-centered environments using advanced tools such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and big data analytics. The major components of a smart city are smart buildings, smart transport, smart energy, smart health care, public safety and security, environmental and resource management, and smart technology. These components make the cities smart, transparent, and efficient. Information and communication technology is one of the most vital tools for modifying traditional cities into Smart Cities. Smart Cities are emerging as transformative urban ecosystems that leverage data, technology, and intelligent design to enhance sustainability, efficiency, and the quality of life for residents. Over 1,000 cities worldwide are developing or implementing smart city initiatives, with projected investments exceeding $1.5 trillion by 2025. Studies indicate Smart Cities can achieve up to 30% reductions in energy consumption and 20% improvements in public service efficiency. This paper presents a systematic review of 61 scholarly works, highlighting the benefits, challenges, and the central role of telecommunications in smart urban development. This systematic review dissects the dual nature of Smart Cities regarding their revolutionary capabilities and intrinsic challenges. The study points out important gaps in the literature, especially when it comes to long-term social effects, fair resource allocation, critical gaps in ethical governance, resource distribution policies, and their long-term implications on societal development, and ethical governance, underrepresentation of telecommunications as a central enabler, and propose future research directions to address these gaps.

关键词： Smart cities Telecommunications Internet of Things Sensors Intelligent sensors Sensor phenomena and characterization Smart grids Resource management Systematic literature review Real-time systems

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Replace2Self: Self-Supervised Denoising based on Voxel Replacing and Image Mixing for Diffusion MRI

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Wu, Linhai Wang, Lihui Deng, Zeyu Zhu, Yuemin Wei, Hongjiang Guizhou University Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Computing of Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and Technology 550025 China Univ Lyon INSA Lyon CNRS Inserm CREATIS UMR 5220 LyonF-69621 France Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai200030 China

Low signal to noise ratio (SNR) remains one of the limitations of diffusion weighted (DW) imaging. How to suppress the influence of noise on the subsequent analysis about the tissue microstructure is still challenging. This work proposed a novel self-supervised learning model, Replace2Self, to effectively reduce spatial correlated noise in DW images. Specifically, a voxel replacement strategy based on similar block matching in Q-space was proposed to destroy the correlations of noise in DW image along one diffusion gradient direction. To alleviate the signal gap caused by the voxel replacement, an image mixing strategy based on complementary mask was designed to generate two different noisy DW images. After that, these two noisy DW images were taken as input, and the non-correlated noisy DWimage after voxel replacement was taken as learning target, a denoising network was trained for denoising. To promote the denoising performance, a complementary mask mixing consistency loss and an inverse replacement regularization loss were also proposed. Through the comparisons against several existing DW image denoising methods on extensive simulation data with different noise distributions, noise levels and b-values, as well as the acquisition datasets and the ablation experiments, we verified the effectiveness of the proposed method. Regardless of the noise distribution and noise level, the proposed method achieved the highest PSNR, which was at least 1.9% higher than the suboptimal method when the noise level reaches 10%. Furthermore, our method has superior generalization ability due to the use of the proposed strategies. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Design of a W-band High-PAE Class A&AB Power Amplifier in 150nm GaAs Technology

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lee, Jun Yan Wu, Duo Guo, Xuanrui Ariannejad, Mohammad Mahdi Bhuiyan, Mohammad Arif Sobhan Miraz, Mahdi H. School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Xiamen University Malaysia Sepang Malaysia Department of Microelectronics Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands School of Computing and Data Science Xiamen University Malaysia Sepang Malaysia Faculty of Arts Science and Technology Wrexham University United Kingdom Faculty of Computing Engineering and Science University of South Wales Swansea United Kingdom

Nanometer scale power amplifiers (PA) at sub-THz suffer from severe parasitic effects that lead to experience limited maximum frequency and reduced power performance at the device transceiver front end. The integrated circuits researchers proposed different PA design architecture combinations at scaled down technologies to overcome these limitations. Although the designs meet the minimum requirements, the power added efficiency (PAE) of PA is still quite low. In this paper, a W-band single-ended common-source (CS) and cascode integrated 3-stage 2-way PA design is proposed. The design integrated different key design methodologies to mitigate the parasitic;such as combined Class AB and Class A stages for gain-boosting and efficiency enhancement, Wilkinson power combiner for higher output power, linearity, and bandwidth, and transmission line (TL)based wide band matching network for better inter-stage matching and compact size. The proposed PA design is validated using UMS 150-nm GaAs pHEMT using advanced design system (ADS) simulator. The results show that the proposed PA achieved a gain of 20.1 dB, an output power of 17.2 dBm, a PAE of 33 % and a 21 GHz bandwidth at 90 GHz Sub-THz band. The PA layout consumes only 5.66 × 2.51 mm2 die space including pads. Our proposed PA design will boost the research on sub-THz integrated circuits research and will smooth the wide spread adoption of 6G in near future. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Power amplifiers

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Service Decomposition method for multimodal data exchange scenarios 3

Service Decomposition method for multimodal data exchange sc...

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3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Management Technology, ICCSMT 2022

作者： Jiang, Deyou Huang, Lei Tian, Hanyu Xie, Yujie Li, Xiaoming Beijing Jiaotong University School of Economics and Management Beijing China Beijing Jingwei Information Technologies Limited Company National Engineering Laboratory of Comprehensive Transportation Big Data Application Technology Beijing China Institute of Computing Technologies China Academy of Railway Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320404

Influenced by the complexity of multimodal data exchange scenarios and their differences in data flow graph construction, the objective basis of existing service decomposition methods is not sufficient, and the granularity of the results is too large and difficult to be decomposed. To address this problem, this paper presents a service decomposition method for multimodal data exchange scenarios. This method reconstructs the differentially constructed data flow diagram by unified rules at the stage of requirement analysis and design, and then completes the fine-grained division of microservices around documents based on service-decomposed rules. The case study shows that the method is more effective than the existing method in the multimodal data exchange scenario. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic data interchange

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p-YOLOv8: Efficient and Accurate Real-Time Detection of Distracted Driving

p-YOLOv8: Efficient and Accurate Real-Time Detection of Dist...

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IEEE Conference on High Performance Extreme computing (HPEC)

作者： Mohamed R. Elshamy Heba M. Emara Mohamed R. Shoaib Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy Klipsch School of ECE New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM United States Dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering Pyramids Higher Inst. for Engineering & Technology Egypt College of Computing and. Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (数字)9798350387131

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387148

Distracted driving is a critical safety issue that leads to numerous fatalities and injuries worldwide. This study addresses the urgent need for efficient and real-time machine learning models to detect distracted driving behaviors. Leveraging the Pretrained-YOLOv8 (P-YOLOv8) model, a real-time object detection system is introduced, optimized for both speed and accuracy. This approach addresses the computational constraints and latency limitations commonly associated with conventional detection models. The study demonstrates P-YOLOv8's versa-tility in both object detection and image classification tasks using the Distracted Driver Detection dataset from state farm, which includes 22,424 images across ten behavior categories. Our research explores the application of P-YOLOv8 for image classification, evaluating its performance compared to deep learning models such as VGG16, VGG19, and ResNet. Some traditional models often struggle with low accuracy, while others achieve high accuracy but come with high computational costs and slow detection speeds, making them unsuitable for real-time applications. P-YOLOv8 addresses these issues by achieving competitive accuracy with significant computational cost and efficiency advantages. In particular, P-YOLOv8 generates a lightweight model with a size of only 2.84 MB and a lower number of parameters, totaling 1, 451, 098, due to its innovative architecture. It achieves a high accuracy of 99.46% with this small model size, opening new directions for deployment on inexpensive and small embedded devices using Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML). The experimental results show robust performance, making P-YOLOv8 a cost-effective solution for real-time deployment. This study provides a detailed analysis of P-YOLOv8's architecture, training, and performance benchmarks, highlighting its potential for real-time use in detecting distracted driving.

关键词： Training Performance evaluation Adaptation models Accuracy Computational modeling Tiny machine learning Computer architecture Real-time systems Computational efficiency Image classification

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Localization of Image Splicing Under Segment Anything Model With Integrated Compression and Edge Artifacts

Localization of Image Splicing Under Segment Anything Model ...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Ruhao Zhao Xian Zhong Liang Liao Wenxuan Liu Wenxin Huang Zheng Wang School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Hubei Key Laboratory of Transportation Internet of Things Wuhan University of Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Rapid-Rich Object Search Lab Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hubei University School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Wuhan University

ISBN: (数字)9798350349399

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349405

The localization of image splicing involves identifying pixels in an image that have been spliced from other images, necessitating the discernment of splicing features. Despite significant advancements driven by the rise of social media and deep learning, existing methods exhibit limitations, often neglecting the integration of coarse and precise features and lacking the ability to understand objects. This leads to erroneous predictions in identifying spliced regions. This paper proposes Segment Anything Model with Integrated Compression and Edge artifacts (SAM-ICE) for the localization of image splicing, addressing these limitations by fusing forged edge features and compression artifact features. Leveraging SAM’s object understanding ability, our method identifies spliced regions using the fused features as guidance. Specifically, we employ Edge Artifact Extractor (EAE) to extract fine high-frequency edge splicing features and Compression Artifact Extractor (CAE) to extract coarse compression artifact features. By combining these features, our method utilizes coarse-fine features to accurately pinpoint the spliced portions of the image. Experimental results demonstrate the superior accuracy, robustness, and generalizability of our method compared to the state-of-the-arts.

关键词： Location awareness Image segmentation Image coding Social networking (online) Image edge detection Splicing Feature extraction

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Execution of Convolution Coding Method for FPGA in Industrial Automation using VERILOG HDL

Execution of Convolution Coding Method for FPGA in Industria...

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International Conference on computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC)

作者： Kanagaraj Venusamy S. Kannadhasan A. Vimalesh P Chandramohan M. Shanmugam K. Priyadarsini Department of Mechatronics Engineering Rajalakshmi Engineering College Chennai India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Study World College of Engineering Coimbatore Chennai India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing SRM Institute of Science & Technology Chennai India

In this paper, the performance study of the FPGA-based encoder is delivered and received with little errors given the large number of applications that employ digital communication to store and retrieve data recently. Forward Error Correction units a wireless communication system region that is essential. Several types of encryption methods have been measured, and the error is completely different Convolution code writing approach, an honest technique used to rectify mistakes during the data transfer. Convolutional encoder area unit compelled to provide the output in the kind of register style with specified positions in the register. The areas in which the region is entirely arranged are likewise shown as arrows. The position of the registers provides probable state transitions wherein example, L is the register's length. Using these facts, the best way to execute of data transmission in digital communication channels is to correct errors in codes. FPGA device utilized in convolutional encoder's hardware implementation. Vivado and XILINX ISE are used for performance analysis.

关键词： Convolutional codes Convolution Forward error correction Writing Digital communication Encoding Registers

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Social Internet of Tings Trust Management Based on Implicit Social Relationship 5th

Social Internet of Tings Trust Management Based on Implicit ...

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5th International Conference on Security and Privacy in New computing Environments, SPNCE 2022

作者： Zhang, Hongbin Fan, Fan Zhao, Dongmei Liu, Bin Wang, Yanxia Liu, Jian School of Information Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang050000 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security Hebei Normal University Hebei Shijiazhuang050024 China School of Economics and Management Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang050000 China Research Center of Big Data and Social Computing Hebei University of Science Shijiazhuang China Hebei Geological Workers’ University Shijiazhuang050081 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031306228

The "Social Internet of Things (SIoT)" is a combination of the Internet of Things (IoT) and social networks to form a new paradigm. The SIoT promotes the development of smart cities, smart transportation, and many other fields. In SIoT, the openness and mobility of objects are enhanced. However, this tends to lead to network data sparsity problems. By distinguishing explicit and implicit social relationships, we introduce an implicit social relationship-based trust management model (IRTM) for reliable service delivery in SIoT. IRTM establishes implicit social relationships among nodes by mining their latent characteristics and trust transitivity. It models SIoT by creating sub-networks for each social relationship as a way to fuse the impact of different types of social relationships on trust management. To address the problem of malicious attacks by malicious nodes in the network to protect their interests, it considers two metrics, node relationship strength, and recommendation reliability, to filter malicious recommendations. Experiments conducted in the presence of data sparsity and malicious objects show that IRTM can improve the accuracy and convergence of trust evaluation compared to other methods that ignore implicit social relationships when computing trust. In addition, our scheme can improve resistance to trust-related attacks. © 2023, ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering.

关键词： Internet of things

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The Power of Bamboo: On the Post-Compromise Security for Searchable Symmetric Encryption

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Tianyang Xu, Peng Picek, Stjepan Luo, Bo Susilo, Willy Jin, Hai Liang, Kaitai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Digital Security Group Radboud University Nijmegen Netherlands Department of EECS Institute of Information Sciences The University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Institute of Cybersecurity and Cryptology School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong WollongongNSW2522 Australia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft2628 CD Netherlands

Dynamic searchable symmetric encryption (DSSE) enables users to delegate the keyword search over dynamically updated encrypted databases to an honest-but-curious server without losing keyword privacy. This paper studies a new and practical security risk to DSSE, namely, secret key compromise (e.g., a user’s secret key is leaked or stolen), which threatens all the security guarantees offered by existing DSSE schemes. To address this open problem, we introduce the notion of searchable encryption with key-update (SEKU) that provides users with the option of non-interactive key updates. We further define the notion of post-compromise secure with respect to leakage functions to study whether DSSE schemes can still provide data security after the client’s secret key is compromised. We demonstrate that post-compromise security is achievable with a proposed protocol called "Bamboo". Interestingly, the leakage functions of Bamboo satisfy the requirements for both forward and backward security. We conduct a performance evaluation of Bamboo using a real-world dataset and compare its runtime efficiency with the existing forward-and-backward secure DSSE schemes. The result shows that Bamboo provides strong security with better or comparable performance. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Bamboo

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Candidate Evaluation with Multimodal data-Driven for Recruitment 27th

Candidate Evaluation with Multimodal Data-Driven for Recru...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Wu, Xing Liu, Kehong Wang, Jianjia Yao, Junfeng Deng, Bin Lv, Rongqi Song, Jun School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China School of AI and Advanced Computing XJTLU Entrepreneur College Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou215412 China CSSC Seago System Technology Co. Ltd. Shanghai200010 China Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory Jangsu Wuxi214035 China Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist University 999077 Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781858

In the field of intelligent recruitment, automated resume matching and non-contact interviews have significantly improved the efficiency of companies in finding suitable candidates. This corresponds to the techniques of person-job matching and AI interviews. However, current person-job matching methods lack substantial data support, while AI interview methods struggle to integrate deep information from multimodal data and provide comprehensive evaluations of candidates’ responses. To address these challenges, we propose a multimodal data-driven person-job evaluation model, comprising two key stages: a person-job matching method based on graph attention and a multimodal AI interview method. Using a dual-perspective graph neural network approach, we accomplish the screening of candidates and positions. In the second stage, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of candidates’ interview performance based on text, audio, and image modalities, providing a more objective, consistent, and efficient interview assessment method. Experimental results demonstrate that our person-job matching method surpasses current popular techniques and effectively transfers features to the next stage. In our multimodal AI interview method, we achieve accurate scoring of candidate responses, assessment of intonation stress levels, and inference of their Big Five personality traits, comprehensively evaluating candidates from multiple perspectives. This confirms the superiority and efficiency of our approach. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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