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arXiv 2025年

作者： Dai, Jie Liu, Yuchen Zheng, Jiakang Zhang, Ruichen Zhang, Jiayi Ai, Bo School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

In recent years, high-speed trains (HSTs) communications have developed rapidly to enhance the stability of train operations and improve passenger connectivity experiences. However, as the train continues to accelerate, urgent technological innovations are needed to overcome challenges such as frequency handover and significant Doppler effects. In this paper, we present a novel architecture featuring movable antennas (MAs) to fully exploit macro spatial diversity, enabling a cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system that supports high-speed train communications. Considering the high likelihood of line-of-sight (LoS) transmission in HST scenario, we derive the uplink spectral efficiency (SE) expression for the movable CF massive MIMO system. Moreover, an optimization problem is formulated to maximize the sum SE of the considered system by optimizing the positions of the antennas. Since the formulated problem is non-convex and highly non-linear, we improve a deep reinforcement learning algorithm to address it by using proximal policy optimization (PPO). Different from traditional optimization approaches, which optimize variables separately and alternately, our improved PPO-based approach optimizes all the variables in unison. Simulation results demonstrate that movable CF massive MIMO effectively suppresses the negative impact of the Doppler effect in HST communications. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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SAC-ViT: Semantic-Aware Clustering Vision Transformer with Early Exit

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hu, Youbing Cheng, Yun Lu, Anqi Wei, Dawei Li, Zhijun Faculty of Computing Harbin Institute of Technology China Swiss Data Science Center Zurich Switzerland School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University China

The Vision Transformer (ViT) excels in global modeling but faces deployment challenges on resource-constrained devices due to the quadratic computational complexity of its attention mechanism. To address this, we propose the Semantic-Aware Clustering Vision Transformer (SAC-ViT), a non-iterative approach to enhance ViT’s computational efficiency. SAC-ViT operates in two stages: Early Exit (EE) and Semantic-Aware Clustering (SAC). In the EE stage, downsampled input images are processed to extract global semantic information and generate initial inference results. If these results do not meet the EE termination criteria, the information is clustered into target and non-target tokens. In the SAC stage, target tokens are mapped back to the original image, cropped, and embedded. These target tokens are then combined with reused non-target tokens from the EE stage, and the attention mechanism is applied within each cluster. This two-stage design, with end-to-end optimization, reduces spatial redundancy and enhances computational efficiency, significantly boosting overall ViT performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficacy of SAC-ViT, reducing 62% of the FLOPs of DeiT and achieving 1.98× throughput without compromising performance. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Latent semantic analysis

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AccelES: Accelerating Top-K SpMV for Embedding Similarity via Low-bit Pruning

AccelES: Accelerating Top-K SpMV for Embedding Similarity vi...

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IEEE Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture

作者： Jiaqi Zhai Xuanhua Shi Kaiyi Huang Chencheng Ye Weifang Hu Bingsheng He Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System/Services Computing Technology and System Lab/Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Computing National University of Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (数字)9798331506476

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506483

In the realm of recommendation systems, achieving real-time performance in embedding similarity tasks is often hindered by the limitations of traditional Top-K sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV) methods, which suffer from high latency due to inefficient memory access patterns. This paper identifies these critical gaps and introduces AccelES, a novel approach that significantly enhances the efficiency of Top-K SpMV. Our method employs a two-stage calculation scheme: the first stage utilizes a compact, low-bit dataset to quickly identify the most relevant entries, while the second stage performs full-precision calculations solely on this pruned subset, thereby minimizing computational overhead. Furthermore, AccelES incorporates innovative matrix representations, Ultra-CSR and Random-CSR, which optimize memory bandwidth utilization. Experimental results demonstrate that AccelES accelerates performance, surpassing state-of-the-art FPGA, GPU, and CPU solutions by factors of 3.4×, 2.5×, and 153.3×, respectively, under controlled conditions. These advancements not only enhance processing speed but also significantly improve real-time performance in recommendation systems, establishing AccelES as a pivotal contribution to the field of Top-K sparse matrix-vector multiplication.

关键词： Quantization (signal) High dimensional data Memory management Graphics processing units Bandwidth Real-time systems Sparse matrices Recommender systems Field programmable gate arrays Optimization

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Selective State Space Model for Monaural Speech Enhancement

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Chen, Moran Zhang, Qiquan Wang, Mingjiang Zhang, Xiangyu Liu, Hexin Ambikairaiah, Eliathamby Chen, Deying Harbin Institute of Technology School of Electronic and Information Engineering Shenzhen518055 China The University of New South Wales School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications Sydney2052 Australia Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore Singapore

Voice user interfaces (VUIs) have facilitated the efficient interactions between humans and machines through spoken commands. Since real-word acoustic scenes are complex, speech enhancement plays a critical role for robust VUI. Transformer and its variants, such as Conformer, have demonstrated cutting-edge results in speech enhancement. However, both of them suffers from the quadratic computational complexity with respect to the sequence length, which hampers their ability to handle long sequences. Recently a novel State Space Model called Mamba, which shows strong capability to handle long sequences with linear complexity, offers a solution to address this challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid convolution-Mamba backbone, denoted as MambaDC, for speech enhancement. Our MambaDC marries the benefits of convolutional networks to model the local interactions and Mamba's ability for modeling long-range global dependencies. We conduct comprehensive experiments within both basic and state-of-the-art (SoTA) speech enhancement frameworks, on two commonly used training targets. The results demonstrate that MambaDC outperforms Transformer, Conformer, and the standard Mamba across all training targets. Built upon the current advanced framework, the use of MambaDC backbone showcases superior results compared to existing SoTA systems. This sets the stage for efficient long-range global modeling in speech enhancement. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： State space methods

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Heterogeneous Parallel Key-Insulated Multi-Receiver Signcryption Scheme for IoV

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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 5123-5137页

作者： Hou, Yingzhe Cao, Yue Xiong, Hu He, Debiao Chi, Chi-Hung Lam, Kwok-Yan Wuhan University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan430000 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Software Engineering Chengdu610054 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore

The rapid growth of electric vehicle and autonomous vehicle populations has led to explosive expansion of IoV data being transmitted in the wireless communication infrastructure. Advances in IoV technologies also resulted in more complex and dynamic communication protocols/patterns, which are hard for the underlying wireless network to satisfy. Besides, security considerations of IoV communications require that key management must be stringently prohibit global failure mode of key management, meaning that, if a single IoV node compromises its private key, it will not lead to total security failure of the entire IoV network. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose a heterogeneous parallel key-insulated multi-receiver signcryption scheme for IoV (HPKI-MRSC). Firstly, the proposed scheme can realize one-to-many heterogeneous transmission, in which RSUs are deployed on certificateless cryptography (CLC) system, while vehicles are allocated in identity-based cryptography (IBC) system. In this manner, we observe that message transmission efficiency is improved greatly. Secondly, the parallel key-insulated mechanism can employ two helper keys to update private key periodically, and then solve key disclosure problem. Finally, when the number of receiver n is greater than or equal to 3, the proposed scheme has a lower signcryption overhead than other comparative schemes, and thus it is more suitable for IoV. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Heterogeneous Internet of Vehicle (IoV) Parallel Key-Insulated Signcryption

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Zero-Shot Cross-Domain Code Search without Fine-Tuning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liang, Keyu Liu, Zhongxin Liu, Chao Wan, Zhiyuan Lo, David Yang, Xiaohu The State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security Zhejiang University Hangzhou China School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore Singapore

Code search is a crucial task in software engineering, aiming to retrieve code snippets that are semantically relevant to a natural language query. Recently, Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have shown remarkable success and are widely adopted for code search tasks. However, PLM-based methods often struggle in cross-domain scenarios. When applied to a new domain, they typically require extensive fine-tuning with substantial data. Even worse, the data scarcity problem in new domains often forces these methods to operate in a zero-shot setting, resulting in a significant decline in performance. RAPID, which generates synthetic data for model fine-tuning, is currently the only effective method for zero-shot cross-domain code search. Despite its effectiveness, RAPID demands substantial computational resources for fine-tuning and needs to maintain specialized models for each domain, underscoring the need for a zero-shot, fine-tuning-free approach for cross-domain code search. The key to tackling zero-shot cross-domain code search lies in bridging the gaps among domains. In this work, we propose to break the query-code matching process of code search into two simpler tasks: query-comment matching and code-code matching. We first conduct an empirical study to investigate the effectiveness of these two matching schemas in zero-shot cross-domain code search. Our findings highlight the strong complementarity among the three matching schemas, i.e., query-code, query-comment, and code-code matching. Based on the findings, we propose CodeBridge, a zero-shot, fine-tuning-free approach for cross-domain code search. Specifically, CodeBridge first employs zero-shot prompting to guide Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate a comment for each code snippet in the codebase and produce a code for each query. Subsequently, it encodes queries, code snippets, comments, and the generated code using PLMs and assesses similarities through three matching schemas: query-code, query-comment,

关键词： Search engines

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Identifying Sources of Soil Pollution in Industrial Areas Using IoT data and Neural Networks

Identifying Sources of Soil Pollution in Industrial Areas Us...

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2024 Asian Conference on Intelligent Technologies, ACOIT 2024

作者： Kovarasan, Rajesh Kambattan Shibu, N.V. Sairam, A. Manivannan, K.K. Ishwarya, M.V. GaneshBabu, T.R. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Computing Technologies School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Mechatronics Engineering KCG College of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Artificial Intelligence and Data science Department Agni College of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Tamil Nadu Namakkal India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374933

Quick and precise source identification is crucial for developing successful remediation solutions to address soil contamination in industrial locations, which presents serious dangers to both the environment and human health. To locate the origins of soil contamination, this research presents a new method that combines neural network models with data collected from the Internet of Things (IoT). To monitor soil type, pollution levels, and weather conditions in real-time, set up IoT devices. After that, advanced neural network algorithms are used to process and analyze the data to find connections and patterns that might indicate the origins of the pollution. Our findings show that this method is useful for identifying where soil pollution inside industrial zones is coming from. Achieve high accuracy in source identification by integrating IoT technology and machine learning approaches. This allows us to address environmental harm and protect public health via focused remediation activities. Policymakers, environmental scientists, and stakeholders engaged in sustainable development and pollution control may benefit greatly which highlight the potential of IoT data and neural networks in challenges difficult environmental concerns. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Environmental monitoring

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Recognition of American sign language using modified deep residual CNN with modified canny edge segmentation

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-28页

作者： Hariharan, U. Devarajan, Devikanniga Kumar, P. Santhosh Rajkumar, K. Meena, M. Akilan, T. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM University Karnataka Bengaluru561203 India Department of Information Technology Faculty of Engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Tamil Nadu Chennai600089 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Sairam Engineering College Tamil Nadu Tambaram602109 India Research Coordinator Dept. of IQAC Amity University Kolkata West Bengal 700135 India

American Sign Language (ASL) recognition aims to recognize hand gestures, and it is a crucial solution to communicating between the deaf community and hearing people. However, existing sign language recognition algorithms still have some drawbacks, such as difficulty recognizing hand movements and low recognition accuracy for most sign language recognition. A Modified Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN) deep residual 101 classifier-based American Sign Language identification system has been developed to address this problem. There are three main parts presents in the method. The first part is pre-processing the images to remove the noise, enhance the contrast of the picture, adjust the contrast level and smoothen the picture using various filters. The second part is the segmentation, and it’s used to partition the image using a modified canny edge detection method by removing all weak edges present in the image. Finally, classification will be done using the Modified CNN deep residual 101 classifiers. By classifying the image, the American Sign Language is accurately identified. This process is conducted through images. The outcome shows that the suggested approach has a 0.97% accuracy and a 0.05% False Positive Rate. Other CNN architectures such as resNet 50 and resNet 18 reached 0.90% and 0.80% accuracy, respectively, which is lower than our proposed method. In addition, the resNet 101 classifier effectively recognizes the difficult hand gestures through the image data. It obtains high recognition accuracy for 36 signs is 0 to 9 numbers and a to z alphabets from American Sign Language. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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data Augmentation for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Leveraging ERNIE Language Models using Artificial Intelligence

Data Augmentation for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Leveragi...

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Intelligent data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things (IDCIoT), International Conference on

作者： Bosubabu Sambana Kondreddygari Archana Suram Indhra Sena Reddy Shaik Meethaigar Jameer Basha Shaik Karishma Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Data Science) School of Computing Mohan Babu University Tirupati India Department of Information Technology Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College Tirupati India

ISBN: (数字)9798331527549

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527556

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a proven approach for addressing the irrational thought patterns associated with mental health disorders, but its effectiveness relies on accurately identifying cognitive pathways to provide targeted treatment. In today's digital age, individuals often express negative emotions on social media, where they may reveal cognitive distortions, and in severe cases, exhibit suicidal tendencies. However, there is a significant gap in methodologies designed to analyze these cognitive pathways, which could be critical for psychotherapists aiming to deliver timely and effective interventions in online environments. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) framework leveraging acceptance, commitment and data augmentation to categorize and address both textual and visual content as positive or negative. Specifically, the system employs BERT, RoBERTa for Sentiment Analysis and T5, PEGASUS for Text Summarization, mT5 for Text Translation in Multiple Languages focusing on detecting negative emotions and cognitive distortions within social media data. While existing models are primarily designed to identify negative thoughts, the proposed system goes beyond this by predicting additional negative side effects and other potential mental health disorders likes Phobias, Eating Disorders. This enhancement allows for a more comprehensive understanding and intervention strategy, offering psychotherapists a powerful tool for early detection and treatment of various psychological issues.

关键词： Sentiment analysis Social networking (online) Mood Anxiety disorders Medical treatment Mental health data augmentation Distortion Classification algorithms Artificial intelligence

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Enhancing PAN Card Security with OCR Based Information Extraction and Face Recognition for Reliable Identity Verification

Enhancing PAN Card Security with OCR Based Information Extra...

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data Science, Agents & Artificial Intelligence (ICDSAAI), International Conference on

作者： D N Harshavardhan Reddy Malapati Sai Sravanth Reddy Panyam Sudha Dandapani Computer Science and Engineering With Data Science Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India Computer Science and Engineering School of Computing Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India

ISBN: (数字)9798331537555

ISBN: (纸本)9798331537562

Due to the potential for impersonation, the Indian PAN card is of great importance and thus, it should be encrypted with certain methods. The paper proposes a system that deals for achieving greater security of PAN card by applying a combination of OCR based information extraction and face recognition system as a means of securing identity verification. A set of OCR algorithms is first entrusted with the task to accurately read and translate the text found on the PAN card which includes the, date of birth, name and the PAN number, along with other features. The digitized and translated data is easier to store and retrieve, which makes the verification process quicker. Furthermore, a deep learning face recognition module is added in a bid to match the face of the PAN card holder with the face on the card. The proposed system is based on the architecture of the convolutional neural network (CNN) which has been shown to perform well in systems that need to compare in different amounts of light and at different angles making it reduce both the false acceptance and the false rejection rates. This article emphasizes the need for cutting-edge technologies to be implemented in identity verification systems, as identity fraud can be avoided through the use of Computerized Optical character recognition technology (OCR) combined with face recognition technology that provides advanced scanning capabilities advanced scanning capabilities that assist in safeguarding the PAN card.

关键词： Privacy Translation Face recognition Optical character recognition Information retrieval Fraud Convolutional neural networks Reliability Protection Next generation networking

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