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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hao, Chaolong Ma, Quangong Qu, Dan Shi, Dawei School of Information Systems Engineering Information Engineering University 62 Science Avenue Zhengzhou450001 China Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering Jiangsu Wuxi214000 China

In quantum mechanics, measurements of a quantum state in various directions yield distinct outcomes, a principle that forms the foundation of quantum communication theory. This paper expands upon this concept by introducing a method to modify generator projection directions (MGPD) within quantum stabilizer codes. Employing the Steane code ((7, 1, 3) code), as a fundamental carrier, we develop a novel scheme for direct quantum steganography across a single-type Pauli channel. The infeasibility of eavesdropping decoding under MGPD is proven. We detail the steganographic encoding and decoding schemes, corresponding quantum circuits, and eavesdropping detection principles. We also use a’Sudoku’-style strategy to balance steganographic error probabilities and provide the complete steganography protocol. Relative to existing studies, the MGPD method achieves embedding rates approaching and attaining the upper limit of the information capacity for the (n, k, d) = (7, 1, 3) code within a noise probability range of approximately 1/(n + 1) = 12.5%. It also reduces the consumption of auxiliary keys from O(log (N)) to O(1), while enabling eavesdropping detection and steganography of arbitrary quantum states. We investigate its potential applications in quantum communication and assess its benefits in the context of secret information transmission and eavesdropping detection in noisy channels. Although the MGPD method incorporates certain idealized assumptions and limitations, it provides novel perspectives on the concealment of quantum information. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decoding

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Optimization of 6G resource allocation using CyberTwin function-based service enhancement scheme

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Eurasip Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2025年第1期2025卷 1-27页

作者： Aldrees, Asma Min, Hong Daradkeh, Yousef Ibrahim Dutta, Ashit Kumar Anjum, Mohd Department of Informatics and Computer Systems College of Computer Science King Khalid University Abha61421 Saudi Arabia School of Computing Gachon University Seongnam13120 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering and Information College of Engineering in Wadi Alddawasir Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj16273 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied Sciences Almaarefa University Ad Diriyah Riyadh13713 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh202002 India

The most innovative Service-Optimized Logging for Resource Allocation (SOL-RA) is in situations that support 6G connection. The CyberTwin architecture optimizes the quality of service provided to end users in 6G communications by using the dependability of terahertz connections and interactions of a machine-type nature. Elastically sharing elastic resources among users is made possible by the proposed resource allocation strategy, which makes use of proprietary logger functions. This ensures that efficient allocation is achieved without overlapping or lengthy wait periods. Within the framework of SOL-RA, a categorization mechanism is implemented for dense requests, which differentiates them as either stationary or priority services. Resource allocations are dynamically done based on this categorization, which enhances the organization's responsiveness to different needs. Through a tree classifier learning mechanism, CyberTwin logs play an essential part in the processing of requests and the preparation of resources. This helps to ensure that resources are distributed without inefficiency. Requests that are generating a backlog are identified and processed in parallel by the system, which significantly reduces the amount of time that is wasted waiting. In order to guarantee a specialized distribution for the categorized outputs, resource allocations are directed by CyberTwin data logs. An examination of the performance of the SOL-RA scheme takes into account important metrics such service latency, service backlog, resource usage, and request-to-response ratio. This research offers insights into the efficacy of the scheme in maximizing service quality and resource consumption in 6G settings. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Deep Learning Approaches for Anti-Money Laundering on Mobile Transactions: Review, Framework, and Directions

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Fan, Jiani Shar, Lwin Khin Zhang, Ruichen Liu, Ziyao Yang, Wenzhuo Niyato, Dusit Mao, Bomin Lam, Kwok-Yan School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore School of Cybersecurity Northwestern Polytechnical University China

Money laundering is a financial crime that obscures the origin of illicit funds, necessitating the development and enforcement of anti-money laundering (AML) policies by governments and organizations. The proliferation of mobile payment platforms and smart IoT devices has significantly complicated AML investigations. As payment networks become more interconnected, there is an increasing need for efficient real-time detection to process large volumes of transaction data on heterogeneous payment systems by different operators such as digital currencies, cryptocurrencies and account-based payments. Most of these mobile payment networks are supported by connected devices, many of which are considered loT devices in the FinTech space that constantly generate data. Furthermore, the growing complexity and unpredictability of transaction patterns across these networks contribute to a higher incidence of false positives. While machine learning solutions have the potential to enhance detection efficiency, their application in AML faces unique challenges, such as addressing privacy concerns tied to sensitive financial data and managing the real-world constraint of limited data availability due to data regulations. Existing surveys in the AML literature broadly review machine learning approaches for money laundering detection, but they often lack an in-depth exploration of advanced deep learning techniques—an emerging field with significant potential. To address this gap, this paper conducts a comprehensive review of deep learning solutions and the challenges associated with their use in AML. Additionally, we propose a novel framework that applies the least-privilege principle by integrating machine learning techniques, codifying AML red flags, and employing account profiling to provide context for predictions and enable effective fraud detection under limited data availability. Specifically, our approach defines AML-relevant financial profile characteristics and risk indicator

关键词： Deep learning

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Illusion Spaces in VR: The Interplay Between Size and Taper Angle Perception in Grasping 25

Illusion Spaces in VR: The Interplay Between Size and Taper ...

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Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems

作者： Jian Zhang Wafa Johal Jarrod Knibbe School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD Australia

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A machine learning predictive model for bushfire ignition and severity: The Study of Australian black summer bushfires

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Decision Analytics Journal 2025年 14卷

作者： Henderson, Kasinda Chakrabortty, Ripon K. School of Engineering & Technology UNSW Canberra ACT-2610 Australia School of Systems & Computing UNSW Canberra ACT-2610 Australia

Australian bushfires are catastrophic, and their impacts span social, economic, and environmental factors. To reduce the damages experienced by bushfires, predicting Australian bushfire ignition allows for an early warning system to give first responders and disaster managers prompt and accurate information. Traditional methods of bushfire ignition prediction suffer from incorporating large-dimensional data and take extensive computational time. Applying machine learning (ML) models enhances accuracy and reduces the computational time required to predict bushfire ignition. This study proposes a predictive model that can take meteorological and topographical data and determine the probability of Australian bushfire ignition and severity using historical fire detection gathered from the Black Summer Bushfire Disaster. The Black Summer Bushfire Disaster occurred between December 2019 and February 2020. The fires affected numerous towns throughout Victoria, New South Wales, and the Australian Capital Territory;hence, the varying topographical and meteorological conditions allow fire ignition and severity influences to be explored. The proposed methodology incorporates Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gradient Boosting Trees (GBT), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and K-nearest Neighbour (kNN) Algorithms. The proposed method relies on five datasets. Meteorological data is sourced from the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM), Australia. Topographic data is sourced from Geoscience Australia and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) Aqua and Terra satellites, which utilize a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Active Fire Point Data is also sourced from NASA MODIS, which can detect fires. The proposed methodology aims to act as an early warning system by providing a fire occurrence and fire intensity warning map and the probability of fire occurrence and fire intensity depending on the current meteorological climate. ©

关键词： Australian bushfire Black summer disaster Machine learning (ML) Meteorological data Predictive analytics Topographic data

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A Survey on Privacy and Security in Distributed Cloud computing: Exploring Federated Learning and Beyond

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society

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IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 2025年 6卷 3710-3744页

作者： Rahdari, Ahmad Keshavarz, Elham Nowroozi, Ehsan Taheri, Rahim Hajizadeh, Mehrdad Mohammadi, Mohammadreza Sinaei, Sima Bauschert, Thomas Shiraz University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shiraz71946-84636 Iran Pishtazan Institute of Higher Education Department of Computer Engineering Shiraz71957-93436 Iran University of Greenwich Centre for Sustainable Cyber Security LondonSE10 9LS United Kingdom University of Portsmouth PAIDS Reserach Centre School of Computing PortsmouthPO1 2UP United Kingdom Technische Universität Chemnitz Chair of Communication Networks Chemnitz09111 Germany Department Digital Systems Gothenburg412 58 Sweden

The increasing need to process large, high-dimensional datasets and the substantial computational power required have made the use of distributed cloud servers essential. These servers provide cost-effective solutions that make storage and computing accessible to ordinary users. However, they might face significant vulnerabilities, including data leakage, metadata spoofing, insecure programming interfaces, malicious insiders, and denial of service. To gain public trust in distributed computing, addressing concerns related to privacy and security while ensuring high performance and efficiency is crucial. Multiparty computation, differential privacy, trusted execution environments, and federated learning are the four major approaches developed to address these issues. This survey paper reviews and compares these four approaches based on a structured framework, by highlighting recent top-tier research papers published in prestigious journals and conferences. Particular attention is given to progress in federated learning, which trains a model across multiple devices without sharing the actual data, keeping data private and secure. The survey also highlights federated learning techniques, including secure federated learning, by detecting malicious updates and privacy-preserving federated learning via data encryption, data perturbation, and anonymization, as new paradigms for building responsible computing systems. Finally, the survey discusses future research directions for connecting academic innovations with real-world industrial applications. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Distributed cloud

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Leakage-Resilient and Carbon-Neutral Aggregation Featuring the Federated AI-enabled Critical Infrastructure

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure computing 2025年

作者： Deng, Zehang Sun, Ruoxi Xue, Minhui Wen, Sheng Camtepe, Seyit Nepal, Surya Xiang, Yang Swinburne University of Technology School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies MelbourneVIC Australia CSIRO's Data61 Cybersecurity and Quantum Systems Group Australia

AI-enabled critical infrastructures (ACIs) integrate artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into various essential systems and services that are vital to the functioning of society, offering significant implications for efficiency, security and resilience. While adopting decentralized AI approaches (such as federated learning technology) in ACIs is plausible, private and sensitive data are still susceptible to data reconstruction attacks through gradient optimization. In this work, we propose Compressed Differentially Private Aggregation (CDPA), a leakage-resilient, communication-efficient, and carbon-neutral approach for ACI networks. Specifically, CDPA has introduced a novel random bit-flipping mechanism as its primary innovation. This mechanism first converts gradients into a specific binary representation and then selectively flips masked bits with a certain probability. The proposed bit-flipping introduces a larger variance to the noise while providing differentially private protection and commendable efforts in energy savings while applying vector quantization techniques within the context of federated learning. The experimental evaluation indicates that CDPA can reduce communication cost by half while preserving model utility. Moreover, we demonstrate that CDPA can effectively defend against state-of-the-art data reconstruction attacks in both computer vision and natural language processing tasks. We highlight existing benchmarks that generate 2.6× to over 100× more carbon emissions than CDPA. We hope that the CDPA developed in this paper can inform the federated AI-enabled critical infrastructure of a more balanced trade-off between utility and privacy, resilience protection, as well as a better carbon offset with less communication overhead. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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A Vertical Federated Multi-View Fuzzy Clustering Method for Incomplete Data

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IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy systems 2025年第5期33卷 1510-1524页

作者： Li, Yan Hu, Xingchen Yu, Shengju Ding, Weiping Pedrycz, Witold Kiat, Yeo Chai Liu, Zhong National University of Defense Technology Laboratory for Big Data and Decision Hunan Changsha410073 China National University of Defense Technology School of Computer Hunan Changsha410073 China Nantong University School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Nantong226019 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Polish Academy of Sciences Systems Research Institute Warsaw00-901 Poland Istinye University Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Department of Computer Engineering Turkey Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore639798 Singapore

Multi-view fuzzy clustering (MVFC) has gained widespread adoption owing to its inherent flexibility in handling ambiguous data. The proliferation of privatization devices has driven the emergence of new challenge in MVFC researches. Federated learning, a technique that can jointly train without directly using raw data, has gain significant attention in decentralized MVFC. However, their applicability depends on the assumptions of data integrity and independence between different views. In fact, while within distributed environments, data typically exhibits two challenging problems: (1) multiple views within a single client;(2) incomplete data. Existing methods exhibit limitations in effectively addressing these challenges. Hence, in this study, we aim at achieving the effective clustering for incomplete data by a novel vertical federated MVFC framework. Specifically, a unified clustering framework is designed to capture both local client learning and global server training. For the local client learning, the data reconstruction strategy and prototype alignment strategy are introduced to ensure the preservation of data structure and refinement of clustering relationships, which mitigates the impact of incomplete data. Meanwhile, the global training process implements aggregation based on client-specific information. The whole process is realized based on the unified fuzzy clustering framework, promoting collaborative learning between client-specific and server information. Theoretical analyses and extensive experiments are carefully conducted to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method from multiple perspectives. © 1993-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Data integrity

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Runtime Backdoor Detection for Federated Learning via Representational Dissimilarity Analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Xiyue Xue, Xiaoyong Du, Xiaoning Xie, Xiaofei Liu, Yang Sun, Meng School of Computer Science University of Bristol United Kingdom Department of Information and Computing Science School of Mathematical Science Peking University China Department of Software Systems and Cybersecurity Monash University Australia School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Federated learning (FL), as a powerful learning paradigm, trains a shared model by aggregating model updates from distributed clients. However, the decoupling of model learning from local data makes FL highly vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where a single compromised client can poison the shared model. While recent progress has been made in backdoor detection, existing methods face challenges with detection accuracy and runtime effectiveness, particularly when dealing with complex model architectures. In this work, we propose a novel approach to detecting malicious clients in an accurate, stable, and efficient manner. Our method utilizes a sampling-based network representation method to quantify dissimilarities between clients, identifying model deviations caused by backdoor injections. We also propose an iterative algorithm to progressively detect and exclude malicious clients as outliers based on these dissimilarity measurements. Evaluations across a range of benchmark tasks demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods in detection accuracy and defense effectiveness. When deployed for runtime protection, our approach effectively eliminates backdoor injections with marginal overheads. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Federated learning

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IvyCross: a Privacy-Preserving and Concurrency Control Framework for Blockchain Interoperability

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile computing 2025年

作者： Li, Ming Weng, Jian Weng, Jiasi Li, Yi Wu, Yongdong Li, Dingcheng Xu, Guowen Deng, Robert Singapore Management University School of Computing and Information Systems 178902 Singapore Jinan University College of Cyber Security Guangzhou510632 China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Singapore

Interoperability is a fundamental challenge for longenvisioned blockchain applications. A mainstream approach is using Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) to support interoperable off-chain execution. However, this incurs multiple TEE configured with non-trivial storage capabilities running on fragile concurrent processing environments, rendering current strategies based on TEE far from being practical. This paper aims to fill this gap and design a practical interoperability mechanism with simplified TEE as the underlying architecture. Specifically, we present IvyCross, a TEE-based framework that achieves lowcost, privacy-preserving, and race-free blockchain interoperability. IvyCross allows running arbitrary smart contracts across heterogeneous blockchains atop two distributed TEE-powered hosts. We design an incentive scheme based on smart contracts to stimulate the honest behavior of two hosts, bypassing the requirement of the number of TEE and large memory need. We examine the conditions to guarantee the uniqueness of Nash Equilibrium via Game Theory. Furthermore, an extended optimistic concurrency control protocol is designed to ensure the correctness of concurrent contracts execution. We formally prove the security of IvyCross in the Universal Composability (UC) framework and implement a prototype atop Bitcoin, Ethereum, and FISCO BOCS. Extensive experimental results on end-to-end performance and concurrency control demonstrate the efficiency and practicality of IvyCross. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain

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