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Quantum state estimation with nuisance parameters

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Suzuki, Jun Yang, Yuxiang Hayashi, Masahito Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communications Tokyo182-8585 Japan Institute for Theoretical Physics ETH Zürich Zürich8093 Switzerland Graduate School of Mathematics Nagoya University Nagoya464-8602 Japan Center for Quantum Computing Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518000 China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore117542 Singapore

In parameter estimation, nuisance parameters refer to parameters that are not of interest but nevertheless affect the precision of estimating other parameters of interest. For instance, the strength of noises in a probe can be regarded as a nuisance parameter. Despite its long history in classical statistics, the nuisance parameter problem in quantum estimation remains largely unexplored. The goal of this article is to provide a systematic review of quantum estimation in the presence of nuisance parameters, and to supply those who work in quantum tomography and quantum metrology with tools to tackle relevant problems. After an introduction to the nuisance parameter and quantum estimation theory, we explicitly formulate the problem of quantum state estimation with nuisance parameters. We extend quantum Cramér-Rao bounds to the nuisance parameter case and provide a parameter orthogonalization tool to separate the nuisance parameters from the parameters of interest. In particular, we put more focus on the case of one-parameter estimation in the presence of nuisance parameters, as it is most frequently encountered in practice. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： State estimation

A self-adaptive sliding window based topic model for non-uniform texts 17

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A self-adaptive sliding window based topic model for non-uni...

17th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, ICDM 2017

作者： He, Jin Li, Lei Wu, Xindong School of Computing and Information HeFei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China School of Computing and Informatics University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette 70504 LA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781538624494;9781538638354

The contents generated from different data sources are usually non-uniform, such as long texts produced by news websites and short texts produced by social media. Uncovering topics over large-scale non-uniform texts becomes an important task for analyzing network data. However, the existing methods may fail to recognize the difference between long texts and short texts. To address this problem, we propose a novel topic modeling method for non-uniform text topic modeling referred to as self-adaptive sliding window based topic model (SSWTM). Specifically, in all kinds of texts, relevant words have a closer distance to each other than irrelevant words. Based on this assumption, SSWTM extracts relevant words by using a selfadaptive sliding window and models on the whole corpus. The self-adaptive sliding window can filter noisy information and change the size of a window according to different text contents. Experimental results on short texts from Twitter and long texts from Chinese news articles demonstrate that our method can discover more coherent topics for non-uniform texts compared with state-of-the-art methods. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptation models Probabilistic logic Analytical models Solid modeling Data mining Computational modeling

Quantum teleportation of physical qubits into logical code-spaces

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Luo, Yi-Han Chen, Ming-Cheng Erhard, Manuel Zhong, Han-Sen Wu, Dian Tang, Hao-Yang Zhao, Qi Wang, Xi-Lin Fujii, Keisuke Li, Li Liu, Nai-Le Nemoto, Kae Munro, William J. Lu, Chao-Yang Zeilinger, Anton Pan, Jian-Wei Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China CAS Centre for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics Hefei230026 China Boltzmanngasse 3 ViennaA-1090 Austria Faculty of Physics University of Vienna ViennaA-1090 Austria Graduate School of Engineering Science Division of Advanced Electronics and Optical Science Quantum Computing Group 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka560-8531 Japan NTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Physics NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya Atsugi-shi Kanagawa243-0198 Japan National Institute of Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi Chiyoda-ku Tokyo101-8430 Japan

Quantum error correction is an essential tool for reliably performing tasks for processing quantum information on a large scale. However, integration into quantum circuits to achieve these tasks is problematic when one realizes that non-transverse operations, which are essential for universal quantum computation, lead to the spread of errors. Quantum gate teleportation has been proposed as an elegant solution for this. Here, one replaces these fragile, non-transverse inline gates with the generation of specific, highly entangled offline resource states that can be teleported into the circuit to implement the non-transverse gate. As the first important step, we create a maximally entangled state between a physical and an error-correctable logical qubit and use it as a teleportation resource. We then demonstrate the teleportation of quantum information encoded on the physical qubit into the error-corrected logical qubit with fidelities up to 0.786. Our scheme can be designed to be fully fault-tolerant so that it can be used in future large-scale quantum technologies. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

The habitability of our evolving galaxy

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Gowanlocka, Michael G. Morrison, Bian S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory WestfordMA United States School of Informatics Northern Arizona University Computing and Cyber Systems FlagstaffAZ United States Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Australia

The notion of a Galactic Habitable Zone (GHZ), or regions of the Milky Way galaxy that preferentially maintain the conditions to sustain complex life, has recently gained attention due to the detection of numerous exoplanets and advances made in understanding habitability on the Earth and other environments. We discuss what a habitable environment means on large spatial and temporal scales, which necessarily requires an approximated definition of habitability to make an assessment of the astrophysical conditions that may sustain complex life. We discuss a few key exoplanet findings that directly relate to estimating the distribution of Earth-size planets in the Milky Way. With a broad notion of habitability defined and major observable properties of the Milky Way described, we compare selected literature on the GHZ and postulate why the models yield differing predictions of the most habitable regions at the present day, which include: (1) the majority of the galactic disk;(2) an annular ring between 79 kpc, and (3) the galactic outskirts. We briefly discuss the habitability of other galaxies as influenced by these studies. We note that the dangers to biospheres in the Galaxy taken into account in these studies may be incomplete and we discuss the possible role of Gamma-Ray Bursts and other dangers to life in the Milky Way. We speculate how changing astrophysical properties may affect the GHZ over time, including before the Earth formed, and describe how new observations and other related research may fit into the bigger picture of the habitability of the Galaxy. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Extrasolar planets

Exploring the empowerment of older adult creative groups using maker technology

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Exploring the empowerment of older adult creative groups usi...

2017 ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in computing Systems, CHI EA 2017

作者： Richards, Olivia K. College of Information Sciences and Technology Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA United States Proactive Health Informatics REU Site School of Informatics and Computing Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450346566

Human-computer interaction researchers actively engage in technological design to empower older adults to live independent, active lives;however, the number of researchers who allow older adults to participate in the design and development process varies greatly. We leveraged past participatory design techniques with older adults by cooperatively learning their craft and carefully enhancing their crafting practices using small electronics. In doing so, older adults will have an opportunity to enhance their craft artifacts to best fit their health needs. The purpose of this needs assessment, including 8 hours of observation and 2 hours of beta testing, is to understand how older adults might use maker technology in their crafts and hobbies to positively impact their health. By facilitating beta testing and observing local crafting groups of older adults, we identified crafting activities that older adults participate in and learned how to best tailor technology to their crafts. Copyright © 2017 by the Association for computing Machinery, Inc. (ACM).

关键词： Human computer interaction

Digital Transformation of Enterprises: A Transition Using Process Modelling Antecedents

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Digital Transformation of Enterprises: A Transition Using Pr...

Open Innovations Conference (OI)

作者： Nixon Muganda Ochara Eva-Lisa Nawa Igor Fiodorov Sergey Lebedev Alexander Sotnikov Yuri Telnovl Armstrong Kadyamatimba School of Management Sciences University of Venda Thohoyandou South Africa Faculty of Computing & Informatics Namibia University of Science & Technology Windhoek Namibia Dept. of Informatics Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Moscow Russia RAS Joint Science Supercomputer Center Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538653197

Process modeling as one of the critical Business Process Management (BPM) disciplines is recognized as a key anchor to digital transformation (DT) efforts currently underway in most enterprises. While enterprises are transforming digitally, the practice of process modeling is also changing with little guidance on key considerations for realizing success process modeling. The focus of the paper was to determine key antecedents for realizing effective processing modeling during DT projects. A case study of a bank transforming its Customer Relationship Management (CRM) was used as a basis to “tease out” key factors critical for successful DT. A number of inferences emanate from the findings of this paper. The first is linked to the increasingly knowledge-based orientation and digitalization of our society that requires a re-think of how current organizations are structured and modelled. The notion of “Digitalization of Project Management” also emerged to undergird current transformations in project management, which affects how process modelling is currently practiced. Secondly, the implications of such digital transitions in process modeling is that the process of organizational modeling and structuring is encouraging more “Knowledge-Enabled Participation”, with its emphasis on expertise, team structure and competence of project participants. The last inference conflates the factors of “DT Evaluation” and “DT Modeling” that emerged from this study to make the following claim: that the process of organizational transformation will increasingly be “machine-based”, with process modeling and evaluation becoming predominantly digitalized. Therefore, process modeling and its foundational disciplines (such as project management and business process management) will transform, with an orientation elevating older terminologies such as automation and data-intensive processing; with organizational strategy intricately linked to process modeling as its anchor.

关键词： Organizations Biological system modeling Process modeling Banking Economics informatics

Erratum: Deterministic quantum annealing expectation–maximization algorithm (2017 J. Stat. Mech.: Theory Exp. 11 113404)

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Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2020年第10期2020卷

作者： Hideyuki Miyahara Koji Tsumura Yuki Sughiyama Department of Mathematical Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Department of Information Physics and Computing Graduate School of Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan

A Case-based Reasoning Approach for Automated Facilitation in Online Discussion Systems

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A Case-based Reasoning Approach for Automated Facilitation i...

International Conference on Knowledge, Information and Creativity Support Systems (KICSS)

作者： Wen Gu Ahmed Moustafa Takayuki Ito Minjie Zhang Chunsheng Yang Department of International Collaborative Informatics Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan Department of Computer Science Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia Digital Technology Research Center National Research Council Canada Ottawa Canada

Online discussion systems have recently attracted great attention as an enabling approach of realizing collective intelligence. During online discussions, human facilitators are introduced in order to help these discussions to proceed more efficiently and productively. However, there are a number of challenges such as human bias and time restriction that need to be solved in the human facilitator-based online discussion systems. As a result, automated facilitation becomes necessary in order to overcome these shortcomings. This paper proposes a novel approach for automated facilitation that utilizes case based reasoning (CBR) in order to imitate the human facilitator thinking style. The proposed approach works in issue based information system (IBIS) discussion style where complex problems are designed as a conversation amongst several stockholders. These stockholders, in turn, bring their expertise in order to resolve the discussion point. Experimental results show the ability of the proposed approach to improve the performance of online discussion systems, and to guide the online discussion towards consensus and towards gathering wisdom efficiently.

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Learn2Reg: comprehensive multi-task medical image registration challenge, dataset and evaluation in the era of deep learning

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Hering, Alessa Hansen, Lasse Mok, Tony C.W. Chung, Albert C.S. Siebert, Hanna Häger, Stephanie Lange, Annkristin Kuckertz, Sven Heldmann, Stefan Shao, Wei Vesal, Sulaiman Rusu, Mirabela Sonn, Geoffrey Estienne, Théo Vakalopoulou, Maria Han, Luyi Huang, Yunzhi Yap, Pew-Thian Brudfors, Mikael Balbastre, Yaël Joutard, Samuel Modat, Marc Lifshitz, Gal Raviv, Dan Lv, Jinxin Li, Qiang Jaouen, Vincent Visvikis, Dimitris Fourcade, Constance Rubeaux, Mathieu Pan, Wentao Xu, Zhe Jian, Bailiang De Benetti, Francesca Wodzinski, Marek Gunnarsson, Niklas Sjölund, Jens Grzech, Daniel Qiu, Huaqi Li, Zeju Thorley, Alexander Duan, Jinming Großbröhmer, Christoph Hoopes, Andrew Reinertsen, Ingerid Xiao, Yiming Landman, Bennett Huo, Yuankai Murphy, Keelin Lessmann, Nikolas van Ginneken, Bram Dalca, Adrian V. Heinrich, Mattias P. Institute of Medical Informatics Universität zu Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160 Lübeck23562 Germany Fraunhofer MEVIS Institute for Digital Medicine Lübeck23562 Germany Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Radboud University Medical Center GA Nijmegen6525 Netherlands The Institute of Medical Informatics Universität zu Lübeck Lübeck23562 Germany The Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong The Fraunhofer MEVIS Institute for Digital Medicine Lübeck23562 Germany The Department of Radiology Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States The Department of Urology Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States The Université Paris-Saclay CentraleSupélec Mathématiques et Informatique pour la Complexité et les Systèmes Inria Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette 91190 France Université Paris-Saclay Institut Gustave Roussy Inserm Radiothérapie Moléculaire et Innovation Thérapeutique Villejuif94800 France The Université Paris-Saclay CentraleSupélec Mathématiques et Informatique pour la Complexité et les Systèmes Inria Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette91190 France The Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen6525 GA Netherlands The School of Automation Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China The School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital United States Harvard Medical School Boston United States The King’s College London United Kingdom The Tel Aviv University The Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering School of Engineering Sciences Huazhong University of Sci

Image registration is a fundamental medical image analysis task, and a wide variety of approaches have been proposed. However, only a few studies have comprehensively compared medical image registration approaches on a wide range of clinically relevant tasks. This limits the development of registration methods, the adoption of research advances into practice, and a fair benchmark across competing approaches. The Learn2Reg challenge addresses these limitations by providing a multi-task medical image registration data set for comprehensive characterisation of deformable registration algorithms. A continuous evaluation will be possible at https://***. Learn2Reg covers a wide range of anatomies (brain, abdomen, and thorax), modalities (ultrasound, CT, MR), availability of annotations, as well as intra- and inter-patient registration evaluation. We established an easily accessible framework for training and validation of 3D registration methods, which enabled the compilation of results of over 65 individual method submissions from more than 20 unique teams. We used a complementary set of metrics, including robustness, accuracy, plausibility, and runtime, enabling unique insight into the current state-of-the-art of medical image registration. This paper describes datasets, tasks, evaluation methods and results of the challenge, as well as results of further analysis of transferability to new datasets, the importance of label supervision, and resulting bias. While no single approach worked best across all tasks, many methodological aspects could be identified that push the performance of medical image registration to new state-of-the-art performance. Furthermore, we demystified the common belief that conventional registration methods have to be much slower than deep-learning-based methods. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Image registration