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A hierarchy index-based efficiency retrieval method for RBIR system

Journal of Computational Information Systems 2008年第6期4卷 2923-2931页

作者： Yang, Aimin Li, Xinguang Tang, Min School of Informatics Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Guangzhou 510006 China School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China College of Computing and Communicating Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou 412008 China

It is a great challenge for region-based image retrieval (RBIR) system how to retrieval efficiently images from large images database. An algorithm of self-deciding cluster number and initial cluster centers algorithm for K-means cluster is proposed to form the hierarchy of the indexing structure. A search method with A* tree, triangle inequality principle and N-nearest neighbours is applied to achieve an optimal search for RBIR system. Experiments on corel database are carried out that the proposed method with the hierarchical indexing structure and new search algorithm achieves the better retrieval efficiency. © 2008 Binary Information Press.

关键词： Efficiency

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A new framework for microrobotic control of motile cells based on high-speed tracking and focusing

A new framework for microrobotic control of motile cells bas...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Takeshi Hasegawa Naoko Ogawa Hiromasa Oku Masatoshi Ishikawa Department of Creative Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Technology University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Information Science and Computing Graduate School of Information Science and Technology University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

We propose a new framework and novel visual control system for motile cells in three-dimensional (3-D) space. Our goal is to utilize microorganisms as micro-robots in various applications by exploiting galvanotaxis (locomotor response to electrical stimulus) to actuate them. This requires automated motion control of swimming cells in 3-D space; in contrast, our previous work has been limited to 1-D or 2-D motion control on the focal plane. The system is capable of 3-D tracking and control of swimming cells by utilizing a high-speed vision system. A combination of "lock-on" tracking within the focal plane and automated focusing using a Depth-From-Diffraction method executed at 1-kHz frame rate ensures both detailed measurement and a large working space. Experimental results for closed-loop 3-D motion control of Paramecium cells trapped within a small 3-D region demonstrate the possibility of using microorganisms as micromachines.

关键词： Motion control Motion planning Automatic control Control systems Microorganisms Machine vision Extraterrestrial measurements

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A Comparison of Queuing Models for Handover Strategies in Cellular Mobile Telecommunication Systems

A Comparison of Queuing Models for Handover Strategies in Ce...

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Asia International Conference on Modeling & Simulation

作者： Niemah Izzeldin Osman Mike E. Woodward Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information Technology Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan Department of Computing School of Informatics University of Bradford Bradford UK

The expanding mobile market has boosted the significance of handover management techniques. As cell sizes tend to decrease, the influx of handovers on each cell increases; bringing handover management techniques into the limelight. Consequently, handovers become one of the crucial assessing factors for the performance evaluation of cellular mobile communication systems. In order to evaluate the performance of handover management techniques, two different queuing models were designed: first come first serve (FCFS) and signal strength priority (SSP) queues. In case of FCFS, the handovers are served in the sequence of their arrival, whereas in SSP they are served in accordance to their signal strength. Computer simulations were developed to analyze the behavior of the two models. In order to validate the results, Markov analytical models were designed and programmed. This paper presents an in-depth comparative study of the queuing models using different quality of service (QoS) parameters.

关键词： Analytical models Quality of service Base stations Computational modeling Computer simulation Mobile computing Computer science Signal design Measurement Asia

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Understanding and characterizing insights: How do people gain insights using information visualization?

Understanding and characterizing insights: How do people gai...

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2008 Conference on BEyond Time and Errors: Novel EvaLuation Methods for Information Visualization 2008, BELIV'08

作者： Yi, Ji Soo Stasko, Youn-Ah Kang John T. Jacko, Julie A. H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 313 Ferst Drive Atlanta GA 30339 United States School of Interactive Computing GVU Center Georgia Institute of Technology 85 5th St NW Atlanta GA 30332 United States Institute for Health Informatics University of Minnesota 308 Harvard Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605580166

Even though "providing insight" has been considered one of the main purposes of information visualization (InfoVis), we feel that insight is still a not-well-understood concept in this context. Inspired by research in sensemaking, we realized the importance of the procedural aspects in understanding insight. Thus, rather than asking "What is insight?" we instead focus on "How do people gain insights?" In an effort to better understand and characterize insight, we reviewed previous literature in InfoVis, seeking other researchers' comments and views on this concept. We found that: 1) Insights are often regarded as end results of using InfoVis and the procedures to gain insight have been largely veiled;2) Four largely distinctive processes of gaining insight (Provide Overview, Adjust, Detect Pattern, and Match Mental Model) have been discussed in the InfoVis literature;and 3) These different processes provide some hints to understand the procedures in which insight can be gained from InfoVis. We hope that our findings help researchers and practitioners evaluate InfoVis systems and technologies in a more insight-oriented way. Copyright 2008 ACM.

关键词： Visualization

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Enhancing an application server to support available components

Enhancing an application server to support available compone...

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作者： Kistijantoro, Achmad Imam Morgan, Graham Shrivastava, Santosh K. Little, Mark C. School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung Institute of Technology ITB Ganesha 10 Bandung 40135 Indonesia School of Computing Science Newcastle University Claremont Tower NE1 7RU United Kingdom Red Hat UK Ltd. 107-111 peascod Street Windsor Berkshire SI4 1TE United Kingdom

Three-tier middleware architecture is commonly used for hosting enterprise distributed applications. Typically the application is decomposed into three layers: front-end, middle tier and back-end. Front-end ('Web server') is responsible for handling user interactions and acts as a client of the middle tier, while back-end provides storage facilities for applications. Middle tier ('Application server') is usually the place where all computations are performed. The benefit of this architecture is that it allows flexible management of a cluster of computers for performance and scalability;further, availability measures, such as replication, can be introduced in each tier in an application specific manner. However, incorporation of availability measures in a multi-tier system poses challenging system design problems of integrating open, non proprietary solutions to transparent failover, exactly once execution of client requests, non-blocking transaction processing and an ability to work with clusters. This paper describes how replication for availability can be incorporated within the middle and back-end tiers meeting all these challenges. The paper develops an approach that requires enhancements to the middle tier only for supporting replication of both the middleware backend tiers. The design, implementation and performance evaluation of such a middle are presented. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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Exploring Core/Periphery Structures in Protein Interaction Networks Provides Structure-Property Relation Insights

Exploring Core/Periphery Structures in Protein Interaction N...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Thomas Grindinger Feng Luo Xiu-Feng Wan Richard H. Scheuermann School of Computing Clemson University USA School of Biology Georgia Institute of Technology USA Department of Pathology Division of Biomedical Informatics U. T. Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

In this study, we present a systematic exploration of the core/periphery structures in protein interaction networks (PINs). First, the concepts of cores and peripheries in PINs are defined. Then, computational methods are proposed to identify cores from PINs. Application of these methods to a combined yeast PIN has identified 110 k-plex cores and 138 star cores. Based on more precise structural characteristics, our studies reveal new prospects of principles and roles of proteins. Our results show that, aside from connectivity, the structural variations between different types of proteins are also related to the variation in biological properties. Two classes of 1-peripheral proteins have been identified: party peripheries, which are more likely to be part of protein complex, and connector peripheries, which are more likely connected to different complexes or individual proteins. This study may facilitate the understanding of the topological characteristics of proteins in interaction networks and thus help elucidate the organization of cellular systems.

关键词： Proteins Pins Biology computing Biomedical computing Electronic mail Fungi Cellular networks Biological system modeling Biological systems Assembly

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A Race Condition Graph for Concurrent Program Behavior

A Race Condition Graph for Concurrent Program Behavior

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2008 3rd International Conference on Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering(第三届智能系统与知识工程国际会议)(ISKE 2008)

作者： Yan Chen Donghui Guo Yann-Hang Lee W.Eric Wong The School of Information Science and Technology Xiamen UniversityChina. The School of Computing and Informatics Arizona State UniversityU.S.A. The School of Engineering and Computer Science University of Texas at DallasU.S.A.

There are race conditions in concurrent programsif the accesses to a sharing resource are not properlysynchronized Because the races can cause theprogram to behave in unexpected ways,detectingthem is an important aspect of debugging andprogram *** approaches have beenused to detect race conditions,but there still is noeffective formal model to visualize the race conditionsand program *** this paper,we present aformal graph,named Race Condition Graph(RCG),to represent race conditions in concurrent *** characteristics of RCG are presented and thepotential RCG(PRCG)as well as the data structure isdiscussed Finally,a dining philosopher program isused as a case study.

关键词： Intelligent systems Knowledge engineering Data visualization Data structures Information science informatics Computer science Electronic mail Debugging Yarn

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A BP NEURAL NETWORK-BASED COLOR SPACE QUANTIZATION SCHEME

A BP NEURAL NETWORK-BASED COLOR SPACE QUANTIZATION SCHEME

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2008 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics(2008机器学习与控制论国际会议)

作者： YONG-MEI ZHOU SU-MEI LI MIN TANG School of Informatics Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Guangzhou 51006China Educational Technology Center Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Guangzhou 510420China Computing and Communicating College Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou 412008China

A BP Neural Network-based color space quantization scheme with human perception Tor the different color during the quantization process is propose in this *** method of gathering color samples, the design of gathering software and the method of data processing based on BP neural network for color samples are introduced. This quantization scheme may be used for image color feature extraction and image segmentation based on *** this scheme is applied to the image retrieval system, the gap between low-feature and high-level semantic concepts is reduced in a new perspective since it considers human perception into such system with human vision habits.

关键词： Tracking Color Space Quantization BP Neural Network Color Sample Gathering

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Adaptive Medium Access Control for VoIP Services in IEEE 802.11 WLANs

Adaptive Medium Access Control for VoIP Services in IEEE 802...

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4th International Conference on Circuits and Systems for Communications (ICCSC 2008), vol.2

作者： Mamun I. Abu-Tair Geyong Min Qiang Ni Hong Liu Department of Computing School of Informatics University of Bradford Bradford UK Electronic & Computer Engineering Division School of Engineering and Design Brunei University West London UK Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is an important service with strict Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements in Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). The popular Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) of IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol adopts a Binary Exponential Back-off (BEB) procedure to reduce the packet collision probability in WLANs. In DCF, the size of contention window is doubled upon a collision regardless of the network loads. This paper presents an adaptive MAC scheme to improve the QoS of VoIP in WLANs. This scheme applies a threshold of the collision rate to switch between two different functions for increasing the size of contention window based on the status of network loads. The performance of this scheme is investigated and compared to the original DCF using the network simulator NS-2. The performance results reveal that the adaptive scheme is able to achieve the higher throughput and medium utilization as well as lower access delay and packet loss probability than the original DCF.

关键词： Programmable control Adaptive control Media Access Protocol Switches Internet telephony Quality of service Wireless LAN Access protocols Performance loss Throughput

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A low-cost pedestrian-detection system with a single optical camera

A low-cost pedestrian-detection system with a single optical...

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作者： Cao, Xian-Bin Qiao, Hong Keane, John IEEE Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Software in Computing and Communication Hefei 230026 China Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligent Science Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China School of Informatics University of Manchester M60 1QD Manchester United Kingdom University of Manchester M13 9PL Manchester United Kingdom

The ultimate purpose of a pedestrian-detection system (PDS) is to reduce pedestrian-vehicle-related injury. Most such systems tend to adopt expensive sensors, such as infrared devices, in expectation of better performance. In comparison, a low-cost optical-camera-based system has much potential practical value, including a greater detection range, and can easily be trained to detect other objects. However, such low-cost systems are difficult to design (e.g., little original information can be collected, and the scene is very complex). To address these problems, an effective and reliable classifier is needed. The classifier should have a proper structure, its features need to be well selected, and a large number of high-quality samples are necessary for training. In this paper, we present a low-cost PDS which only uses a single optical camera. We design a cascade classifier to achieve an effective and reliable detection. First, our system scans two sequential frames at each zoom scale with a sliding window. Second, with each window, both appearance and motion features are extracted. A well-trained cascade classifier, combining statistical learning with a decomposed support-vector-machine classifier, then determines whether the window contains a human body. At the same time, to provide as much information as possible about the pedestrian, a small-scale weighted template tree trained by a coevolutionary algorithm is adopted to identify each pedestrian's direction, and the distance of each from the vehicle is also provided using an estimation algorithm. During the training procedure, we select key features by using the AdaBoost algorithm and a large number of high-quality samples. Experimental results demonstrate that the system is suitable for pedestrian detection in city traffic: The detection speed is more than 10 ft/s, the detection rate reaches 80%, and the false positive rate is no more than 0.3‰. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Pedestrian safety

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