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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xie, Jinxia Zhong, Bineng Mo, Zhiyi Zhang, Shengping Shi, Liangtao Song, Shuxiang Ji, Rongrong Key Laboratory of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology Ministry of Education China Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-Source Information Mining & Security China Guangxi Normal University Guilin541004 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Machine Vision and Intelligent Control Wuzhou University China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology China Media Analytics and Computing Lab School of Informatics Xiamen University China

The rich spatio-temporal information is crucial to capture the complicated target appearance variations in visual tracking. However, most top-performing tracking algorithms rely on many hand-crafted components for spatio-temporal information aggregation. Consequently, the spatio-temporal information is far away from being fully explored. To alleviate this issue, we propose an adaptive tracker with spatio-temporal transformers (named AQATrack), which adopts simple autoregressive queries to effectively learn spatio-temporal information without many hand-designed components. Firstly, we introduce a set of learnable and autoregressive queries to capture the instantaneous target appearance changes in a sliding window fashion. Then, we design a novel attention mechanism for the interaction of existing queries to generate a new query in current frame. Finally, based on the initial target template and learnt autoregressive queries, a spatio-temporal information fusion module (STM) is designed for spatio-temporal formation aggregation to locate a target object. Benefiting from the STM, we can effectively combine the static appearance and instantaneous changes to guide robust tracking. Extensive experiments show that our method significantly improves the tracker’s performance on six popular tracking benchmarks: LaSOT, LaSOText, TrackingNet, GOT-10k, TNL2K, and *** and models will be here. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Construction of Influenza Early Warning Model Based on Combinatorial Judgment Classifier:A Case Study of Seasonal Influenza in Hong Kong

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Current Medical Science 2022年第1期42卷 226-236页

作者： Zi-xiao WANG James NTAMBARA Yan LU Wei DAI Rui-jun MENG Dan-min QIAN Department of Medical Informatics School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantong 226001China Department of Computer Science College of Engineering and Computing SciencesNew York Institute of TechnologyNew York 10023USA Department of Computer Science College of Overseas EducationNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthNantong UniversityNantong 226019China Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Center De Montfort University of LeicesterLeicester LE1 9BHUnited Kingdom

Objective:The annual influenza epidemic is a heavy burden on the health care system,and has increasingly become a major public health problem in some areas,such as Hong Kong(China).Therefore,based on a variety of machine learning methods,and considering the seasonal influenza in Hong Kong,the study aims to establish a Combinatorial Judgment Classifier(CJC)model to classify the epidemic trend and improve the accuracy of influenza epidemic early warning.

关键词： influenza prediction data-driven Support Vector Machine Discriminant Analysis Ensemble Classifier

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Performance Evaluation of NRZ-OOK and Carrier-Less Amplitude Phase Modulation in Li-Fi Environment 5

Performance Evaluation of NRZ-OOK and Carrier-Less Amplitude...

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5th Photonics Meeting 2022, PM 2022

作者： Zaiton, A.M. Joyce, Y.P.L. Ahmad, Z. Jasman, F. Hassan, W.H.W. Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik Dan Kejuruteraan Komputer Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Hang Tuah Jaya Melaka76100 Malaysia School of Computing Electronics and Mathematics Coventry University Coventry United Kingdom Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Terengganu21030 Malaysia

Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) is a wireless technology that utilizes light emitting diodes to convey data. Li-Fi has emerged as a promising alternative to radio frequency communication technology in recent years. This paper examines the performance characterisation between NRZ-OOK and carrier-less amplitude-phase modulation (CAP-2, CAP-4 and CAP-8), within a simulated Li-Fi environment. For the parameters of interest, the eye pattern, bit error rate (BER) and constellation diagram are reported. As no distance is specified in the simulation, the BER for CAP is zero, allowing an ideal transmission to be emulated. The scatter diagram increases as the number of CAP modulations increases. For the eye pattern, CAP modulation provides a better visual representation of how noise might affect system performance compared to OOK modulation. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Amplitude shift keying

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An End-To-End Cyber Security Maturity Model For technology Startups

An End-To-End Cyber Security Maturity Model For Technology S...

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computing (ICOCO), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Ali Selamat Mohamed Noordin Yusuff Marican Siti Hajar Othman Shukor Abd Razak Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia School of Computing Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Malaysia Faculty of Informatics and Computing Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Terengganu Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665489973

Cybersecurity is increasingly becoming an important discussion topic in the boardroom of companies, regardless of the size or industry. Hackers nowadays are becoming increasingly smart. Instead of attacking big multi-national companies, international banks and government organisations which have built strong protection against cyber threats, the perpetrators now placed their focus on smaller and medium size businesses like technology start-ups through a variety of attacks from phishing, ransomware to the exploitation of vulnerabilities in the web or mobile applications. Therefore, it is imperative that technology start-ups have the capability in assessing their cyber security maturity to combat against cyber threats. However, for technology start-ups, it is especially imperative as cyber-attacks or data breaches could undeniably result in the loss of customers’ confidence, regulatory implications and revenue loss which could eventually result in the start-up untimely closure. Although there are available security frameworks commonly used in the industry by cyber security practitioners, these frameworks are not suitable for technology start-ups as they tend to be broad and generic, taking a long time to conduct the assessment requiring adequate manpower or even the need for a budget to hire external consultants to help in conducting the assessment. This study seeks to analyse the current cyber security frameworks and introduce an end-to-end Cyber Security Maturity Model, which can be used specifically for technology start-ups. The proposed model not only provides an end-to-end maturity assessment of the start-up’s cyber security posture but also coupled with an existing quantification model to justify the investments allocated in implementing cyber security measures for the start-up. Right-sizing the cyber security measures for the start-up in the different stages of the start-up lifecycle could allow reasonable controls to be implemented at the appropriate phase.

关键词： Industries Phase measurement Phishing Companies Mobile applications Security Ransomware

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Dermoscopic Image Classification Using Attention Mechanism and Ensemble Learning Approaches

Dermoscopic Image Classification Using Attention Mechanism a...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2023

作者： Huang, Shanchuan Lei, Hongwei Jin, Liuhan Yang, Jinzhu Jiang, Tao Yao, Yudong Grzegorzek, Marcin Li, Chen Northeastern University Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering China Northeastern University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Liaoning Shenyang China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Intelligent Medicine Chengdu China Stevens Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Institute of Medical Informatics University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324457

Background and purpose: Skin tumours have become one of the most common diseases worldwide. While benign ones are not usually a threat to human health, malignant ones can develop into skin cancer and become life-threatening if left untreated. Early detection of the disease is important for the treatment of patients with skin tumours and dermoscopy is the most effective means of diagnosing skin tumours. However, the complexity of skin tumour cells makes the diagnosis somewhat erroneous for doctors. Therefore, a dermoscopic classification network based on deep learning and computer-aided diagnostic techniques is needed to obtain a high diagnostic accuracy rate for skin tumours. Methods: In this paper, Deep-skin, a model for dermoscopic image classification is proposed, which is based on both attention mechanism and ensemble learning. Considering the characteristics of dermoscopic images, embedding different attention mechanisms on top of Inception-V3 has been suggested to obtain more potential features. We then improve the classification performance by late fusion of the different models. To demonstrate the effectiveness of Deep-skin, experiments and evaluations are performed on the publicly available dataset Skin Cancer: Malignant vs. Benign and compare the performance of Deep-skin with other classification models. Results: The experimental results indicate that Deep-skin performs well on the dataset in comparison to other models, achieving a maximum accuracy of 87.8%.Conclusion: In this paper, the Deep-skin model is proposed for the classification of dermoscopic images and has shown better performance. In the future, we intend to investigate better classification models for automatic diagnosis of skin tumours. Such models can potentially assist physicians and patients in clinical settings. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Attention mechanism Ensemble learning Image classification Late fusion Skin Cancer

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Seamless Graph Task Scheduling over Dynamic Vehicular Clouds: A Hybrid Methodology for Integrating Pilot and Instantaneous Decisions

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IEEE Transactions on Services computing 2025年第03期18卷 1753-1768页

作者： Guo, Bingshuo Liwang, Minghui Xia, Xiaoyu Li, Li Jiao, Zhenzhen Hosseinalipour, Seyyedali Wang, Xianbin Xiamen University School of Informatics Fujian China Rmit University School of Computing Technologies MelbourneVIC Australia Tongji University Department of Control Science and Engineering Shanghai China Beijing Teleinfo Technology Co. Ltd. Caict IF-Labs China University at Buffalo-SUNY Department of Electrical Engineering NY United States Western University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ON Canada

Vehicular clouds (VCs) play a crucial role in the Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) ecosystem by securing essential computing resources for a wide range of tasks. This paPertackles the intricacies of resource provisioning in dynamic VCs for computation-intensive tasks, represented by undirected graphs for parallel processing over multiple vehicles. We model the dynamics of VCs by considering multiple factors, including varying communication quality among vehicles, fluctuating computing capabilities of vehicles, uncertain contact duration among vehicles, and dynamic data exchange costs between vehicles. Our primary goal is to obtain feasible assignments between task components and nearby vehicles, called templates, in a timely manner with minimized task completion time and data exchange overhead. To achieve this, we propose a hybrid graph task scheduling (P-HTS) methodology that combines offline and online decision-making modes. For the offline mode, we introduce an approach called risk-aware pilot isomorphic subgraph searching (RA-PilotISS), which predicts feasible solutions for task scheduling in advance based on historical information. Then, for the online mode, we propose time-efficient instantaneous isomorphic subgraph searching (TE-InstaISS), serving as a backup approach for quickly identifying new optimal scheduling template when the one identified by RA-PilotISS becomes invalid due to changing conditions. Through comprehensive experiments, we demonstrate the superiority of our proposed hybrid mechanism compared to state-of-the-art methods in terms of various evaluative metrics, e.g., time efficiency such as the delay caused by seeking for possible templates and task completion time, as well as cost function, upon considering different VC scales and graph task topologies. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Undirected graphs

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Cutting-Edge Predictive Methods for Enhancing Short-Term Load Prediction

Cutting-Edge Predictive Methods for Enhancing Short-Term Loa...

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2024 International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering Researches, ICECER 2024

作者： Ghazal, Taher M. Janjua, Jamshaid Iqbal Abushiba, Walid Ahmad, Munir Abbas, Tahir Ateeq, Karamath College of Arts & Science Applied Science University P.O.Box 5055 Manama Bahrain Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and Technology Bangi Selangor Malaysia Lahore Pakistan College of Engineering Applied Science University Bahrain College of Informatics Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of TIMES Institute Department of Computer Science Multan Pakistan School of Computing Skyline University College University City Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798331539733

Efficient management and cost-related factors in the power sector call for accurate short-term load forecasting as it enables better planning with the electric grid and achieving stability within it. This paper looks into the state-of-the-art forecasting strategies that enhance load forecasts made in shorter time frames. Such techniques include but are not limited to machine learning applications, effective data models, and multi-dimensional modeling leveraging historical, meteorological, and economic data. Their review is carried out in detail with their advantages and disadvantages and their application in practice. Furthermore, this study strives to understand the barriers that need to be overcome in the quest to increase the accuracy of the forecasting models especially concerning renewable energy sources. We illustrate how new trends relate to future developments of predictive models about supporting the decision-making in operating power systems and improving the reliability and sustainability of energy systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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Reducing the Gap Between Pretrained Speech Enhancement and Recognition Models Using a Real Speech-Trained Bridging Module

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cui, Zhongjian Cui, Chenrui Wang, Tianrui He, Mengnan Shi, Hao Ge, Meng Gong, Caixia Wang, Longbiao Dang, Jianwu Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application Tianjin University Tianjin China DiDi Chuxing Beijing China Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Co. Ltd. Tianjin China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China

The information loss or distortion caused by single-channel speech enhancement (SE) harms the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Observation addition (OA) is an effective post-processing method to improve ASR performance by balancing noisy and enhanced speech. Determining the OA coefficient is crucial. However, the currently supervised OA coefficient module, called the bridging module, only utilizes simulated noisy speech for training, which has a severe mismatch with real noisy speech. In this paper, we propose training strategies to train the bridging module with real noisy speech. First, DNSMOS is selected to evaluate the perceptual quality of real noisy speech with no need for the corresponding clean label to train the bridging module. Additional constraints during training are introduced to enhance the robustness of the bridging module further. Each utterance is evaluated by the ASR back-end using various OA coefficients to obtain the word error rates (WERs). The WERs are used to construct a multidimensional vector. This vector is introduced into the bridging module with multi-task learning and is used to determine the optimal OA coefficients. The experimental results on the CHiME-4 dataset show that the proposed methods all had significant improvement compared with the simulated data trained bridging module, especially under real evaluation sets. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Speech recognition

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StylizedNeRF: Consistent 3D Scene Stylization as Stylized NeRF via 2D-3D Mutual Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Huang, Yi-Hua He, Yue Yuan, Yu-Jie Lai, Yu-Kun Gao, Lin Beijing Key Laboratory of Mobile Computing and Pervasive Device Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Computer and Control Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Computer Science & Informatics Cardiff University United Kingdom

3D scene stylization aims at generating stylized images of the scene from arbitrary novel views following a given set of style examples, while ensuring consistency when rendered from different views. Directly applying methods for image or video stylization to 3D scenes cannot achieve such consistency. Thanks to recently proposed neural radiance fields (NeRF), we are able to represent a 3D scene in a consistent way. Consistent 3D scene stylization can be effectively achieved by stylizing the corresponding NeRF. However, there is a significant domain gap between style examples which are 2D images and NeRF which is an implicit volumetric representation. To address this problem, we propose a novel mutual learning framework for 3D scene stylization that combines a 2D image stylization network and NeRF to fuse the stylization ability of 2D stylization network with the 3D consistency of NeRF. We first pre-train a standard NeRF of the 3D scene to be stylized and replace its color prediction module with a style network to obtain a stylized NeRF. It is followed by distilling the prior knowledge of spatial consistency from NeRF to the 2D stylization network through an introduced consistency loss. We also introduce a mimic loss to supervise the mutual learning of the NeRF style module and fine-tune the 2D stylization decoder. In order to further make our model handle ambiguities of 2D stylization results, we introduce learnable latent codes that obey the probability distributions conditioned on the style. They are attached to training samples as conditional inputs to better learn the style module in our novel stylized NeRF. Experimental results demonstrate that our method is superior to existing approaches in both visual quality and long-range consistency. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Three dimensional computer graphics

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A comparative study of word embedding techniques for SMS spam detection

A comparative study of word embedding techniques for SMS spa...

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International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN)

作者： Prashob Joseph Suleiman Y. Yerima Faculty of Computing Engineering and Media School Computer Science and Informatics De Montfort University Leicester United Kingdom Faculty of Computing Engineering and Media Cyber Technology Institute De Montfort University Leicester United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487726

E-mail and SMS are the most popular communication tools used by businesses, organizations and educational institutions. Every day, people receive hundreds of messages which could be either spam or ham. Spam is any form of unsolicited, unwanted digital communication, usually sent out in bulk. Spam emails and SMS waste resources by unnecessarily flooding network lines and consuming storage space. Therefore, it is important to develop high accuracy spam detection models to effectively block spam messages, so as to optimize resources and protect users. Various word-embedding techniques such as Bag of Words (BOW), N-grams, TF-IDF, Word2Vec and Doc2Vec have been widely applied to NLP problems, however a comparative study of these techniques for SMS spam detection is currently lacking. Hence, in this paper, we provide a comparative analysis of these popular word embedding techniques for SMS spam detection by evaluating their performance on a publicly available ham and spam dataset. We investigate the performance of the word embedding techniques using 5 different machine learning classifiers i.e. Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB), KNN, SVM, Random Forest and Extra Trees. Based on the dataset employed in the study, N-gram, BOW and TF-IDF with oversampling recorded the highest F1 scores of 0.99 for ham and 0.94 for spam.

关键词： Support vector machines Unsolicited e-mail Digital communication Communication networks Organizational aspects Random forests Computational intelligence

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