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arXiv 2025年

作者： Kojaku, Sadamori Mahari, Robert Lera, Sandro Claudio Moro, Esteban Pentland, Alex Ahn, Yong-Yeol Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering Binghamton University New York United States Media Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Harvard Law School Cambridge United States Connection Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Network Science Institute Department of Physics Northeastern University Boston United States Center for Complex Networks and Systems Research Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University Bloomington United States

Many human knowledge systems, such as science, law, and invention, are built on documents and the citations that link them. Citations, while serving multiple purposes [1–3], primarily function as a way to explicitly document the use of prior work and thus have become central to the study of knowledge systems [4–6]. Analyzing citation dynamics has revealed statistical patterns that shed light on knowledge production, recognition, and formalization [5, 7–14], and has helped identify key mechanisms driving these patterns [5, 15, 16]. However, most quantitative findings are confined to scientific citations, raising the question of universality of these findings. Moreover, existing models of individual citation trajectories fail to explain phenomena such as delayed recognition, calling for a unifying framework. Here, we analyze a newly available corpus of U.S. case law, in addition to scientific and patent citation networks, to show that they share remarkably similar citation patterns, including a heavy-tailed distribution of sleeping beauties. We propose a holistic model that captures the three core mechanisms driving collective dynamics and replicates the elusive phenomenon of delayed recognition. We demonstrate that the model not only replicates observed citation patterns, but also better predicts future successes by considering the whole system. Our work offers insights into key mechanisms that govern large-scale patterns of collective human knowledge systems and may provide generalizable perspectives on discovery and innovation across domains. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Patents and inventions

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Darcy-Forchheimer mangetized flow based on differential type nanoliquid capturing Ohmic dissipation effects

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Propulsion and Power Research 2023年第3期12卷 443-455页

作者： M.Waqas Yunjie Xu M.Nasir Md Mottahir Alam Amjad Ali Pasha Kashif Irshad Bandar M.Fadhl M.S.Kausar NUTECH School of Applied Science and Humanities National University of TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineeing Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon School of Engineering Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Faculty of Informatics and Computing University Sultan Zainal AbidinBesut Campus22200 BesutTereng-ganuMalaysia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Aerospace Engineering Department King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Renewable Energy and Power System(IRC-REPS) Research InstituteKing Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals(KFUPM)Dhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering and Islamic ArchitectureUmm Al-Qura UniversityP.O.Box 5555Makkah 21955Saudi Arabia

Hydromagnetic nanoliquid establish an extraordinary category of nanoliquids that unveil both liquid and magnetic *** interest in the utilization of hydromagnetic nanoliquids as a heat transporting medium stem from a likelihood of regulating its flow along with heat transportation process subjected to an externally imposed magnetic *** analysis reports the hydromagnetic nanoliquid impact on differential type(second-grade)liquid from a convectively heated extending *** well-known Darcy-Forchheimer aspect capturing porosity characteristics is introduced for nonlinear *** conditions elaborating heat-mass transportation effect are *** addition,Ohmic dissipation and suction/injection aspects are also a part of this *** analysis is done by implementing the basic relations of fluid *** modeled physical problem is simplified through order *** resulting systems(partial differential expressions)are rendered to the ordinary ones by utilizing the apposite *** solutions are constructed employing homotopy *** and numeric result are addressed comprehensively to elaborate the nature of sundry parameters against physical *** velocity profile is suppressed with increasing Hartmann number(magnetic parameter)whereas it is enhanced with increment in material parameter(second-grade).With the elevation in thermophoresis parameter,temperature and concentration of nanoparticles are accelerated.

关键词： Darcy-Forchheimer magnetized flow Differential type nanoliquid Ohimc dissipation Robin conditions Homotopy algorithm

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Graph Contrastive Learning with Decoupled Augmentation

Graph Contrastive Learning with Decoupled Augmentation

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Shihao Gao Caoshuo Li Cunli Mao Xulong Zhang Xiaoyang Qu Taisong Jin Jianzong Wang Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Efficient Computing Ministry of Education of China School of Informatics Xiamen University China Ping An Technology Co. Ltd. Shenzhen China Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Kunming University of Science and Technology China Key Laboratory of Oracle Bone Inscriptions Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Anyang Normal University China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Graph contrastive learning based on augmentation strategies has recently demonstrated remarkable performance. Existing methods typically jointly leverage attribute and structural augmentations to generate graph views, learning data invariance information through contrasting sample pairs. However, this joint approach may deviate from the expectation of semantically similar before and after augmentation. The propagation of attribute information in graphs usually occurs through their structure, meaning that structural and attribute augmentations can interfere with each other and potentially distort the graph’s semantics. To address this, we propose a decoupled augmentation framework for graph contrastive learning, which eliminates the mutual interference between the two levels of augmentation while fully exploring graph information. Specifically, our framework employs separate encoders to learn data invariance under different augmentation levels, and it considers the positive gains generated between these levels. Experimental results on five public datasets show that the proposed method is more competitive than state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： Acoustic distortion Semantics Contrastive learning Interference Signal processing Acoustics Speech processing

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A Stochastic Model-Based Control Methodology for Glycemic Management in the Intensive Care Unit

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sirlanci, Melike Hripcsak, George Low Wang, Cecilia C. Stroh, J.N. Wang, Yanran Bennett, Tellen D. Stuart, Andrew M. Albers, David J. Department of Biomedical Informatics School of Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus AuroraCO United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO United States Department of Biomedical Informatics Columbia University New YorkNY United States Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes Department of Medicine School of Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus AuroraCO United States Biostatiscs & Informatics Department Colorado School of Public Health AuroraCO United States Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA United States Department of Bioengineering University of Colorado Denver DenverCO United States

Intensive care unit (ICU) patients exhibit erratic blood glucose (BG) fluctuations, including hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes, and require exogenous insulin delivery to keep their BG in healthy ranges. Glycemic control via glycemic management (GM) is associated with reduced mortality and morbidity in the ICU, but GM increases the cognitive load on clinicians. The availability of robust, accurate, and actionable clinical decision support (CDS) tools reduces this burden and assists in the decision-making process to improve health outcomes. Clinicians currently follow GM protocol flow charts for patient intravenous insulin delivery rate computations. We present a mechanistic model-based control algorithm that predicts the optimal intravenous insulin rate to keep BG within a target range;the goal is to develop this approach for eventual use within CDS systems. In this control framework, we employed a stochastic model representing BG dynamics in the ICU setting and used the linear quadratic Gaussian control methodology to develop a controller. We designed two experiments, one using virtual (simulated) patients and one using a real-world retrospective dataset. Using these, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of this model-based glycemic control methodology. The presented controller avoids hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in virtual patients, maintaining BG levels in the target range more consistently than two existing GM protocols. Moreover, this methodology could theoretically prevent a large proportion of hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic events recorded in a real-world retrospective *** Codes 49-11 © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Stochastic models

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RGB Color Model Aware Computational Color Naming and Its Application to Data Augmentation

RGB Color Model Aware Computational Color Naming and Its App...

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IEEE International Conference on Big Data

作者： Zipei Yan Linchuan Xu Atsushi Suzuki Jing Wang Jiannong Cao Jun Huang Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong Department of Informatics King’s College London London United Kingdom Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of Greenwich London United Kingdom School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University of Technology Ma’anshan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665480468

Computational color naming (CCN) aims to learn a mapping from pixels into semantic color names, e.g., red, green and blue. CCN has wide applications including color vision deficiency assistance and color image retrieval. Existing research on CCN mainly studies pixels collected under laboratory settings or studies images collected from the web. However, laboratory pixels are very limited such that the learned mapping may not generalize well on unseen pixels, and the mapping discovered from images is usually data-specific. In this paper, we aim to learn a universal mapping by studying pixels collected from the web. To this end, we formulate a novel classification problem that incorporates both the pixels and the RGB color model. The RGB color model is beneficial for learning the mapping because it characterizes the production of colors, e.g., the addition of red and green produces yellow. However, the characterization is rather qualitative. To solve this problem, we propose ColorMLP, which is a multilayer perceptron (MLP) embedded with graph attention networks (GATs). Here, the GATs are designed to capture color relations that we construct by referring to the RGB color model. In this way, the parameters of the MLP can be regularized to comply with the RGB model. We conduct comprehensive experiments to demonstrate the superiority of ColorMLP to alternative *** expand the application of CCN, we design a novel data augmentation method named partial color jitter (PCJ), which performs color jitter (CJ) on a subset of pixels belonging to the same color of an image. In this way, PCJ partially changes the color properties of images, thereby significantly increasing images’ diversity. We conduct extensive experiments on CIFAR10/100 and ImageNet datasets, showing that PCJ can consistently improve the classification performance. Our data and software can be found at https://https://***/yanzipei/CCN_and_ItsApp.

关键词： Image color analysis Computational modeling Semantics Production Color Jitter Big Data

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Reversibility of executable interval temporal logic specifications

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Cau, Antonio Kuhn, Stefan Hoey, James Cyber Technology Institute School of Computer Science and Informatics Faculty of Computing Engineering Media De Montfort University Leicester United Kingdom School of Informatics University of Leicester Leicester United Kingdom

In this paper the reversibility of executable Interval Temporal Logic (ITL) specifications is investigated. ITL allows for the reasoning about systems in terms of behaviours which are represented as non-empty sequences of states. It allows for the specification of systems at different levels of abstraction. At a high level this specification is in terms of properties, for instance safety and liveness properties. At concrete level one can specify a system in terms of programming constructs. One can execute these concrete specification, i.e., test and simulate the behaviour of the system. In this paper we will formalise this notion of executability of ITL specifications. ITL also has a reflection operator which allows for the reasoning about reversed behaviours. We will investigate the reversibility of executable ITL specifications, i.e., how one can use this reflection operator to reverse the concrete behaviour of a particular system. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Specifications

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Classification of Breast Thermal Images into Healthy/Cancer Group Using Pre-Trained Deep Learning Schemes

Classification of Breast Thermal Images into Healthy/Cancer ...

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2022 International Conference on Machine Learning and Data Engineering, ICMLDE 2022

作者： Kadry, Seifedine Crespo, Rubén González Herrera-Viedma, Enrique Krishnamoorthy, Sujatha Rajinikanth, Venkatesan Faculty of Applied Computing and Technology Noroff University College Kristiansand94612 Norway Computer Science Department School of Engineering and Technology Universidad Internacional de la Rioja Andalusia26006 Spain Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence University of Granada Granada Spain Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center Wenzhou-Kean University Zhejiang Province China Wenzhou Municipal Key Lab of Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics Wenzhou-Kean University Zhejiang Province China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Tamil Nadu Chennai602105 India

In the women's community, Breast Cancer (BC) is a severe disease. The World Health Organization reported in 2020 that 2.26 million deaths occur due to BC. BC is curable if detected early. Since thermal imaging is non-invasive and supports disease detection, it is commonly used in clinics. Compared to other methods, it keeps BC early and accurate. The proposed work aims to evaluate the performance of the Pretrained Deep-Learning Methods (PDLM) in detecting BC using the thermal images collected from the benchmark dataset. It includes the following stages: primary image processing, deep feature mining, handcrafted feature mining, feature optimization using Firefly-Algorithm (FA), classification and validation. Visual Lab thermal images were used in the study. The investigational outcome of this study authenticates that the VGG16, along with the DT, provides better detection accuracy (95.5%) compared to other classifiers used in this study. To justify the significance of the implemented technique, the proposed work not only improved accuracy, but also improved precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-Scores. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Artificial neural network-based voltage control of DC/DC converter for DC microgrid applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Khan, Hussain Sarwar Mohamed, Ihab S. Kauhaniemi, Kimmo Liu, Lantao School of Technology and Innovations University of Vaasa Vaasa Finland Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN47408 United States

The rapid growth of renewable energy technology enables the concept of microgrid (MG) to be widely accepted in the power systems. Due to the advantages of the DC distribution system such as easy integration of energy storage and less system loss, DC MG attracts significant attention nowadays. The linear controller such as PI or PID is matured and extensively used by the power electronics industry, but their performance is not optimal as system parameters are changed. In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) based voltage control strategy is proposed for the DC–DC boost converter. In this paper, the model predictive control (MPC) is used as an expert, which provides the data to train the proposed ANN. As ANN is tuned finely, then it is utilized directly to control the step-up DC converter. The main advantage of the ANN is that the neural network system identification decreases the inaccuracy of the system model even with inaccurate parameters and has less computational burden compared to MPC due to its parallel structure. To validate the performance of the proposed ANN, extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulations are carried out. The simulation results show that the ANN-based control strategy has better performance under different loading conditions comparison to the PI controller. The accuracy of the trained ANN model is about 97%, which makes it suitable to be used for DC microgrid applications. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Model predictive control

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Amazon in business to customers and overcoming obstacles 2

Amazon in business to customers and overcoming obstacles

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2nd International Conference on Smart computing and Electronic Enterprise, ICSCEE 2021

作者： Altrad, Abdullah Pathmanathan, P. Ravindran Al Moaiad, Yazeed Endara, Yousef Mohamed Aseh, Khairi El-Ebiary, Yousef A. Baker Farea, Mazen Mohammed Latiff, Nurul Adilah Abdul Saany, Syarilla Iryani Ahmad Faculty of Computer and Info. Tech. Al Madinah International University Malaysia International Institute of Applied Science Swiss School of Management Netherlands Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Malaysia Misurata University Libya UniSZA Faculty of Informatics and Computing Malaysia Al-Madinah International University Faculty of Finance and Admin. Sciences Malaysia Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665432221

Electronic commerce, or people call it e-commerce, it refers to buying and selling products or services on the Internet and transferring money and data to carry out these transactions. More consumers are shifting from traditional transactions to e-commerce, as e-commerce becomes faster and cheaper. In contrast, electronic commerce provides more ease and variety in the composition of goods and services worldwide. E-commerce is the type of electronic business that has been in business for more than 25 years and is used by many users around the world. This research aims to shed light on the nature of electronic commerce and the difficulties it faces on the technical side. This research used descriptive methodology after gathering data from online and indexed research. The research also mentioned five of these obstacles, and how the Amazon overcomes them, and we will take a look at how the opportunities of the Amazon grow so that they have an effect called the Amazon effect, the research reached an important conclusion that eDesk is the leading help desk for online sellers, specifically designed to meet the exact requirements of e-commerce. The research also found solutions to some of the weaknesses faced by electronic commerce platforms. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic commerce

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E-Commerce Supply Chains with Considerations of Cyber-Security

E-Commerce Supply Chains with Considerations of Cyber-Securi...

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Computer Science and Emerging Technologies (CSET), International Conference on

作者： Firas H. Zawaideh Waheeb Abu-ulbeh Yousef I. Majdalawi Muhammad D. Zakaria Julaily Aida Jusoh Sunanda Das Department of Cyber Security Faculty of Science and Informaiton Technology Irbid National University Irbid Jordan Cybersecurity Department Faculty of Administrative sciences and Informatics Al-Istiqlal University Palestine Business & E-commerce Department Faculty of Management and Financial Sciences Petra University Amman Faculty of Informatics and Computing UniSZA Malaysia School of Computer Science and Engineering Jain University Bangalore India

As the global e-commerce landscape continues to expand rapidly, the efficiency and security of supply chains have become critical areas of concern. With the increasing reliance on digital platforms and the interconnected nature of supply chains, the vulnerability to cyber threats has escalated significantly. This research paper delves into the multifaceted domain of e-commerce supply chains with a primary focus on cyber-security considerations. The objective of this study is to assess the existing cyber-security measures and vulnerabilities within e-commerce supply chains while proposing effective strategies to mitigate potential risks. Through an extensive literature review, the paper highlights various cyber-security challenges faced by e-commerce enterprises, including data breaches, ransomware attacks, and supply chain disruptions caused by cyber-attacks on logistics partners. By analyzing real-world case studies and industry reports, the research provides valuable insights into the consequences of cyber-security lapses and their impact on supply chain resilience and consumer trust. The research also explores the technological advancements and best practices that can fortify e-commerce supply chains against cyber threats. It examines the role of encryption, multi-factor authentication, secure payment gateways, and cloud-based security solutions in safeguarding sensitive data and maintaining the integrity of supply chain operations. Additionally, the study investigates the importance of employee training and awareness programs to cultivate a cyber-security-oriented organizational culture. Furthermore, this paper considers the legal and regulatory aspects of cyber-security in the context of e-commerce supply chains. By examining international laws, industry standards, and compliance requirements, it highlights the responsibilities and obligations of e-commerce businesses to protect customer data and secure the flow of goods throughout the supply chain. The efficie

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