The LLC resonant converter, as a mainstream high-efficiency DC-DC converter, suffers from a narrow voltage regulation range. By employing a hybrid modulation technique combining Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) and Ph...
详细信息
Heavy particulate matter (PM) pollution and high energy consumption are the bottlenecks of hydrometallurgy, especially in the electrolysis process. Therefore, an urgent need is to explore PM reduction methods with pro...
详细信息
Heavy particulate matter (PM) pollution and high energy consumption are the bottlenecks of hydrometallurgy, especially in the electrolysis process. Therefore, an urgent need is to explore PM reduction methods with production performance co-benefits. This study presents three PM reduction methods based on controlling operating parameters, i.e., lowering electrolyte temperature, H2SO4 concentration, and current density of the cathode. The optimized conditions were also investigated using the response surface methodology to balance the PM reduction effect and Zn production. The results showed that lowering electrolyte temperature is the most efficient, with an 89.0% reduction in the PM generation flux (GFPM). Reducing H2SO4 concentration led to the minimum side effects on the current efficiency of Zn deposition (CEZn) or power consumption (PC). With the premise of non-deteriorating CEZn and PC, GFPM can be reduced by 86.3% at the optimal condition (electrolyte temperature = 295 K, H2SO4 = 110 g/L, current density = 373 A/m^(2)). In addition, the reduction mechanism was elucidated by comprehensively analyzing bubble characteristics, electrochemical reactions, and surface tension. Results showed that lower electrolyte temperature inhibited the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and compressed gas volume. Lower H2SO4 concentration inhibited the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and reduced electrolyte surface tension. Lower current density inhibited both OER and HER by decreasing the reaction current. The inhibited gas evolutions reduced the microbubbles’ number and size, thereby reducing GFPM. These results may provide energy-efficient PM reduction methods and theoretical hints of exploring cleaner PM reduction approaches for industrial electrolysis.
In order to tackle the issue of poor consistency of internal individual parameters in retired electric vehicle batteries, an SGA-FCM amended fuzzy C-means clustering method is proposed. Firstly, select sorting paramet...
详细信息
In the process of modeling and solving large-scale complex systems, issues with complex state structures and low computational efficiency are often *** partially observable discrete event systems, this paper proposes ...
详细信息
As one novel reinforcement used in magnesium composite,nano-layered flaky ternary MAX particle exhibits interesting anisotropic ceramic and metal *** order to accurately simulate the mechanical properties and damage b...
详细信息
As one novel reinforcement used in magnesium composite,nano-layered flaky ternary MAX particle exhibits interesting anisotropic ceramic and metal *** order to accurately simulate the mechanical properties and damage behavior of MAX particle reinforced magnesium composite,we developed one finite element(FE)model based on 2D and 3D microstructural observations of 10 vol.%Ti_(2)AlC-AZ91D *** improve the accuracy,matrix ductile damage,particle internal delamination deformation behaviors,and particle-matrix interfacial behaviors were respectively introduced into this *** visual deformation processes of crack generation and propagation were carefully presented and *** effects of interfacial strength and particle orientation on material properties were systematically investigated.
We propose an approach for generating robust two-dimensional(2D)vortex clusters(VCs)in a Rydberg atomic system by utilizing parity-time(PT)symmetric optical Bessel *** show that the system supports novel multicore VCs...
详细信息
We propose an approach for generating robust two-dimensional(2D)vortex clusters(VCs)in a Rydberg atomic system by utilizing parity-time(PT)symmetric optical Bessel *** show that the system supports novel multicore VCs with four and eight cores,corresponding to topological charges 2 and 4,*** stability of these VCs can be dynamically adjusted through the manipulation of the gain-loss component,Kerr nonlinearities,and the degree of nonlocality inherent in the Rydberg *** VCs are confined within the first lattice well of the Bessel potential,and both the power and width of lights undergo a quasi-periodic breathing phenomenon,which is attributed to the power exchange between the light fields and Bessel *** self-attractive and self-repulsive Kerr interactions can sustain robust VCs within this *** insights presented here not only facilitate the creation and manipulation of 2D VCs through PT-symmetric potentials but also pave the way for potential applications in optical information processing and transmission.
Oxidation of organic amines(OAs)or aromatic hydrocarbons(AHs)produces carbonyls,which further react with OAs to form carbonyl-amine condensation products,threatening environmental quality and human ***,there is still ...
详细信息
Oxidation of organic amines(OAs)or aromatic hydrocarbons(AHs)produces carbonyls,which further react with OAs to form carbonyl-amine condensation products,threatening environmental quality and human ***,there is still a lack of systematic understanding of the carbonyl-amine condensation reaction processes of OAs or between OAs and AHs,and subsequent environmental health *** work systematically investigated the carbonyl-amine condensation coupled ozonolysis kinetics,reaction mechanism,secondary organic aerosol(SOA)formation and cytotoxicity fromthe mixture of dipropylamine(DPA)and styrene(STY)by a combined method of productmass spectrometry identification,particle property analysis and cell exposure *** results from ozonolysis of DPA and STY mixture revealed that STY inhibited the ozonolysis of DPA to different degrees to accelerate its own decay *** barycenter of carbonyl-amine condensation reactionswas shifted from inside of DPA to between DPA and STY,which accelerated STY ozonolysis,but slowed down DPA *** the first time,ozonolysis of DPA and STY mixture to complex carbonyl-amine condensation products through the reactions of DPA with its carbonyl products,DPA with STY’s carbonyl products and DPA’s bond breakage product with STY’s carbonyl products was *** condensation products significantly contributed to the formation and growth of *** SOA containing particulate carbonyl-amine condensation products showed definite *** findings are helpful to deeply and comprehensively understand the transformation,fate and environmental health effects of mixed organics in atmospheric environment.
In multi-agent Markov Games (MGs), the constantly changing strategies of individual agents can lead to the problem of non stationarity. Therefore, it is necessary to design learning processes for agents to find equili...
详细信息
The manufacture and obsolescence of smartphones produce numerous waste plastic accessories(e.g.,waste smartphone protective film(WSPF)),possessing immense potential for ***,available recycling technologies have limita...
详细信息
The manufacture and obsolescence of smartphones produce numerous waste plastic accessories(e.g.,waste smartphone protective film(WSPF)),possessing immense potential for ***,available recycling technologies have limitations such as substrate damage and secondary pollutant *** present study aimed to develop a green disposal method that not only recycled polyethylene terephthalate(PET)from WSPF,but also reused the stripped polyacrylate(PAA)adhesive as an adsorbent to reduce solid waste *** the WSPF was treated in 1 mol/L NaOH solution at 90°C,the PAA hydrolyzed to two main by-products of 1-butanol and 2-ethylhexanol,weakening the binding strength between PAA and PET and then efficient separation of *** bench-scale test revealed that over 97.2%of detachment efficiency toward PAA was achieved during continuous treatment of 17 batches of WSPF(200 g for each)without supplement of NaOH and generation of ***,the economic evaluation indicated that the recycling method would generate a net profit margin of 647%for the second year without considering the incurrence of new cost and ***,the pyrolysis of waste PAA enabled its conversion into potential adsorbent,which showed 2 to 4 times enhanced adsorption capacity toward styrene and ethyl acetate after modification with NaOH *** study provides a green method for recycling waste plastics and inspires a referable solution for solid waste treatment in the smartphone industry.
The bipartite consensus problem is addressed for a class of nonlinear time-delay multiagent systems in this ***,the uncertain nonlinear dynamics of all agents satisfy a Lipschitz growth condition with unknown constant...
详细信息
The bipartite consensus problem is addressed for a class of nonlinear time-delay multiagent systems in this ***,the uncertain nonlinear dynamics of all agents satisfy a Lipschitz growth condition with unknown constants,and part of the state information cannot be *** this case,a time-varying gain compensator is constructed,which only utilizes the output information of the follower and its ***,a distributed output feedback control protocol is proposed on the basis of the *** to Lyapunov stability theory,it is proved that the bipartite consensus can be guaranteed by means of the designed control *** from the existing literature,this paper studies the leader-follower consensus problem under a weaker connectivity condition,i.e.,the signed directed graph is structurally balanced and contains a directed spanning *** simulation examples are carried out to show the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
暂无评论