End worm gear drives are characterized by their multi-tooth contact,compact contour,and theoretical potential to overcome some inherent flaws of cylindrical worm ***,quantitative basic research on end worm gear drives...
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End worm gear drives are characterized by their multi-tooth contact,compact contour,and theoretical potential to overcome some inherent flaws of cylindrical worm ***,quantitative basic research on end worm gear drives is currently inadequate,which hinders the development of this *** work focuses on the computational design of end worm gear drives and proposes a new Niemann-type *** models of the proposed drive are established,and its engagement theory is deduced *** on the derived tooth surface equations,an innovative research methodology for the tooth curve geometry of the end worm gear is created,and the tooth curve in the worm gear reference plane is proved to be a *** improved formula for the lubrication angle is developed,which can provide more rational numerical results for the ***,the modified formula is universally applicable for line contact drives and can be used to quantitatively investigate the lubrication level between the teeth for the proposed *** outcomes demonstrate the favorable characteristics of the transmission,including broad conjugate areas,even contact lines,and fine global lubrication state.
This study aimed to investigate the erosion behavior and mechanism of a newly developed 25Cr3Mo2WNiV steel with a chrome coating using promoted ignition combustion *** erosion threshold pressure and temperature of the...
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This study aimed to investigate the erosion behavior and mechanism of a newly developed 25Cr3Mo2WNiV steel with a chrome coating using promoted ignition combustion *** erosion threshold pressure and temperature of the chrome-coated 25Cr3Mo2WNiV steel were determined to be 0.2 MPa and 254.3 K higher than those of traditional chrome-coated 30SiMn2MoV ***,Kirkendall voids and inter-diffusion between the Cr coating and matrix were first observed before *** improved erosion resistance of the chrome-coated 25Cr3Mo2WNiV steel was attributed to the suppression of the Kirkendall effect,which minimized heat generation at the Cr/matrix interface by pre-venting oxygen diffusion and reducing oxygen affinity.
In recent years, pre-trained foundation models have developed rapidly and have been applied to various downstream tasks through fine-tuning methods. However, due to the existence of data silos, the lack of data for fi...
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This paper focuses on the optimal output synchronization control problem of heterogeneous multiagent systems(HMASs) subject to nonidentical communication delays by a reinforcement learning *** with existing studies as...
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This paper focuses on the optimal output synchronization control problem of heterogeneous multiagent systems(HMASs) subject to nonidentical communication delays by a reinforcement learning *** with existing studies assuming that the precise model of the leader is globally or distributively accessible to all or some of the followers, the leader's precise dynamical model is entirely inaccessible to all the followers in this paper. A data-based learning algorithm is first proposed to reconstruct the leader's unknown system matrix online. A distributed predictor subject to communication delays is further devised to estimate the leader's state, where interaction delays are allowed to be nonidentical. Then, a learning-based local controller, together with a discounted performance function, is projected to reach the optimal output synchronization. Bellman equations and game algebraic Riccati equations are constructed to learn the optimal solution by developing a model-based reinforcement learning(RL) algorithm online without solving regulator equations, which is followed by a model-free off-policy RL algorithm to relax the requirement of all agents' dynamics faced by the model-based RL algorithm. The optimal tracking control of HMASs subject to unknown leader dynamics and communication delays is shown to be solvable under the proposed RL algorithms. Finally, the effectiveness of theoretical analysis is verified by numerical simulations.
Damage to electrical equipment in an earthquake can lead to power outage of power *** fragility analysis is a common method to assess the seismic reliability of electrical *** further guarantee the efficiency of analy...
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Damage to electrical equipment in an earthquake can lead to power outage of power *** fragility analysis is a common method to assess the seismic reliability of electrical *** further guarantee the efficiency of analysis,multi-source uncertainties including the structure itself and seismic excitation need to be considered.A method for seismic fragility analysis that reflects structural and seismic parameter uncertainty was developed in this *** proposed method used a random sampling method based on Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)to account for the structure parameter uncertainty and the group structure characteristics of electrical ***,logistic Lasso regression(LLR)was used to find the seismic fragility surface based on double ground motion intensity measures(IM).The seismic fragility based on the finite element model of an±1000 kV main transformer(UHVMT)was analyzed using the proposed *** results show that the seismic fragility function obtained by this method can be used to construct the relationship between the uncertainty parameters and the failure *** seismic fragility surface did not only provide the probabilities of seismic damage states under different IMs,but also had better stability than the fragility ***,the sensitivity analysis of the structural parameters revealed that the elastic module of the bushing and the height of the high-voltage bushing may have a greater influence.
Acetylacetone(AcAc)is a typical class ofβ-diketones with broad industrial applications due to the property of the keto-enol isomers,but its isomerization and chemical reactions at the air-droplet interface are still ...
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Acetylacetone(AcAc)is a typical class ofβ-diketones with broad industrial applications due to the property of the keto-enol isomers,but its isomerization and chemical reactions at the air-droplet interface are still ***,using combined molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry methods,the heterogeneous chemistry of AcAc at the air-droplet interface was investigated,including the attraction of AcAc isomers by the droplets,the distribution of isomers at the air-droplet interface,and the hydration reactions of isomers at the air-droplet *** results reveal that the preferential orientation of two AcAc isomers(keto-and enol-AcAc)to accumulate and accommodate at the acidic air-droplet *** isomerization of two AcAc isomers at the acidic air-droplet interface is more favorable than that at the neutral air-droplet interface because the“water bridge”structure is destroyed by H_(3)O^(+),especially for the isomerization from keto-Ac Ac to *** the acidic air-droplet interface,the carbonyl or hydroxyl O-atoms of two AcAc isomers display an energetical preference to ***-diol is the dominant products to accumulate at the air-droplet interface,and excessive keto-diol can enter the droplet interior to engage in the *** photooxidation reaction of AcAc will increase the acidity of the air-droplet interface,which indirectly facilitate the uptake and formation of more *** results provide an insight into the heterogeneous chemistry ofβ-diketones and their influence on the environment.
Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources. Photovoltaic (PV) power generation is currently one of the most important ways to utilize solar energy. PV power has strong uncertainties and is adve...
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Heart rate recovery (HRR) within the initial minute following exercise is a widely utilized metric for assessing cardiac autonomic function in individuals and predicting mortality risk in patients with cardiovascular ...
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Shenvi et *** proposed a quantum algorithm based on quantum walking called Shenvi-Kempe-Whaley(SKW)algorithm,but this search algorithm can only search one target state and use a specific search target state ***,when t...
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Shenvi et *** proposed a quantum algorithm based on quantum walking called Shenvi-Kempe-Whaley(SKW)algorithm,but this search algorithm can only search one target state and use a specific search target state ***,when there are more than two target nodes in the search space,the algorithm has certain *** though a multiobjective SKW search algorithm was proposed later,when the number of target nodes is more than two,the SKW search algorithm cannot be mapped to the same quotient *** addition,the calculation of the optimal target state depends on the number of target states *** previous studies,quantum computing and testing algorithms were used to solve this *** these solutions require more Oracle calls and cannot get a high accuracy ***,to solve the above problems,we improve the multi-target quantum walk search algorithm,and construct a controllable quantum walk search algorithm under the condition of unknown number of target *** dividing the Hilbert space into multiple subspaces,the accuracy of the search algorithm is improved from p_(c)=(1/2)-O(1/n)to p_(c)=1-O(1/n).And by adding detection gate phase,the algorithm can stop when the amplitude of the target state becomes the maximum for the first time,and the algorithm can always maintain the optimal number of iterations,so as to reduce the number of unnecessary iterations in the algorithm process and make the number of iterations reach t_(f)=(π/2)(?).
In the field of mobile robot control, the utilization of reinforcement learning methods often faces the challenge of sparse rewards, resulting in suboptimal control performance. This paper proposes an approach that le...
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