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Quantum repeaters: From quantum networks to the quantum internet

Reviews of Modern Physics 2023年第4期95卷 045006-045006页

作者： Koji Azuma Sophia E. Economou David Elkouss Paul Hilaire Liang Jiang Hoi-Kwong Lo Ilan Tzitrin NTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan and NTT Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Information NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan Department of Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA QuTech Delft University of Technology Lorentzweg 1 2628 CJ Delft The Netherlands and Networked Quantum Devices Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Okinawa Japan Department of Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA and Quandela SAS 10 Boulevard Thomas Gobert 91120 Palaiseau France Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Quantum Bridge Technologies Inc. 100 College Street Toronto Ontario M5G 1L5 Canada Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3G4 Canada Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada

A quantum internet is the holy grail of quantum information processing, enabling the deployment of a broad range of quantum technologies and protocols on a global scale. However, numerous challenges must be addressed before the quantum internet can become a reality. Perhaps the most crucial of these is the realization of a quantum repeater, an essential component in the long-distance transmission of quantum information. As the analog of a classical repeater, extender, or booster, the quantum repeater works to overcome loss and noise in the quantum channels constituting a quantum network. Here the conceptual frameworks and architectures for quantum repeaters, as well as the experimental progress toward their realization, are reviewed. Various near-term proposals to overcome the limits to the communication rates set by point-to-point quantum communication are also discussed. Finally, the manner in which quantum repeaters fit within the broader challenge of designing and implementing a quantum internet is overviewed.

关键词： Quantum communication Quantum memories Quantum networks Quantum repeaters Internet

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Observation of Integer and Fractional Quantum Anomalous Hall Effects in Twisted Bilayer MoTe2

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Physical Review X 2023年第3期13卷 031037-031037页

作者： Fan Xu Zheng Sun Tongtong Jia Chang Liu Cheng Xu Chushan Li Yu Gu Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Bingbing Tong Jinfeng Jia Zhiwen Shi Shengwei Jiang Yang Zhang Xiaoxue Liu Tingxin Li Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education) Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 201210 China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA

The interplay between strong correlations and topology can lead to the emergence of intriguing quantum states of matter. One well-known example is the fractional quantum Hall effect, where exotic electron fluids with fractionally charged excitations form in partially filled Landau levels. The emergence of topological moiré flat bands provides exciting opportunities to realize the lattice analogs of both the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects without the need for an external magnetic field. These effects are known as the integer and fractional quantum anomalous Hall (IQAH and FQAH) effects. Here, we present direct transport evidence of the existence of both IQAH and FQAH effects in small-angle-twisted bilayer MoTe2. At zero magnetic field, we observe well-quantized Hall resistance of h/e2 around moiré filling factor ν=−1 (corresponding to one hole per moiré unit cell), and nearly quantized Hall resistance of 3h/2e2 around ν=−2/3, respectively. Concomitantly, the longitudinal resistance exhibits distinct minima around ν=−1 and −2/3. The application of an electric field induces topological quantum phase transition from the IQAH state to a charge transfer insulator at ν=−1, and from the FQAH state to a topologically trivial correlated insulator, further transitioning to a metallic state at ν=−2/3. Our study paves the way for the investigation of fractionally charged excitations and anyonic statistics at zero magnetic field based on semiconductor moiré materials.

关键词： Magnetism Phase transitions Topological materials

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The 2024 Active Metamaterials Roadmap

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Pope, Simon A. Roth, Diane J. Bansal, Aakash Mousa, Mostafa Rezanejad, Ashkan Forte, Antonio E. Nash, Geoff.R. Singleton, Lawrence Langfeldt, Felix Cheer, Jordan Henthorn, Stephen Hooper, Ian R. Hendry, Euan Powell, Alex W. Souslov, Anton Plum, Eric Sun, Kai de Groot, C.H. Muskens, Otto L. Shields, Joe De Galarreta, Carlota Ruiz Wright, C. David Kocabas, Coskun Ergoktas, M. Said Xiao, Jianling Schulz, Sebastian A. Di Falco, Andrea Krasavin, Alexey V. Zayats, Anatoly V. Galiffi, Emanuele Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering The University of Sheffield Amy Johnson Building Portobello Street SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom Department of Physics London Centre for Nanotechnology King’s College London Strand WC2R 2LS United Kingdom Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering Loughborough University United Kingdom Department of Engineering King’s College London LondonWC2R 2LS United Kingdom Natural Sciences University of Exeter Harrison Building North Park Road Exeter United Kingdom Institute of Sound & Vibration Research University of Southampton University Road Southampton United Kingdom Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Centre for Metamaterial Research and Innovation University of Exeter Stoker Road ExeterEX4 4QL United Kingdom T.C.M. Group Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0HE United Kingdom Optoelectronics Research Centre Centre for Photonic Metamaterials University of Southampton Highfield SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Barcelona08193 Spain Department of Materials National Graphene Institute University of Manchester United Kingdom Schoolof Physics and Astronomy University of St Andrews North Haugh Fife St. AndrewsKY16 9SS United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Centre City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New YorkNY10027 United States

Active metamaterials are engineered structures that possess novel properties that can be changed after the point of manufacture. Their novel properties arise predominantly from their physical structure, as opposed to their chemical composition and can be changed through means such as direct energy addition into wave paths, or physically changing/morphing the structure in response to both a user or environmental input. Active metamaterials are currently of wide interest to the physics community and encompass a range of sub-domains in applied physics (e.g. photonic, microwave, acoustic, mechanical, etc.). They possess the potential to provide solutions that are more suitable to specific applications, or which allow novel properties to be produced which cannot be achieved with passive metamaterials, such as time-varying or gain enhancement effects. They have the potential to help solve some of the important current and future problems faced by the advancement of modern society, such as achieving net-zero, sustainability, healthcare and equality goals. Despite their huge potential, the added complexity of their design and operation, compared to passive metamaterials creates challenges to the advancement of the field, particularly beyond theoretical and lab -based experiments. This roadmap brings together experts in all types of active metamaterials and across a wide range of areas of applied physics. The objective is to provide an overview of the current state of the art and the associated current/future challenges, with the hope that the required advances identified create a roadmap for the future advancement and application of this field. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microwave acoustics

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Publisher’s Note: “Evidences of thermoelectrically driven unidirectional magnetoresistance from a single Weyl ferromagnet Co2MnGa” [APL Mater. 11, 121109 (2023)]

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APL Materials 2024年第1期12卷

作者： Bin Rong Lizhu Ren Yizhe Liu Bo Sun Jiaxin Chen Kie Leong Teo Liang Liu Yumeng Yang b) School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117576 Singapore Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 China Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education) Tsung-Dao Lee Institute School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences 99 Xiupu Road Shanghai 201315 China

This article was published online on December 15, 2023, with errors in the author and affiliation lists; several authors were linked to incorrect affiliations.

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Hierarchic Stabilization of Flying Convex-Path-Following Formations Part II: Underactuated Agents

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2019年第12期52卷 352-357页

作者： Mohamed I. El-Hawwary Department of Electrical Power Engineering Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden

In this paper the flying convex-path-following formations problem (FCxPFF) is solved for two cases of underactuated rigid bodies. In the first case the the rigid bodies have a single degree of underactuation with two thrusts and three torques. In the second, they have two degrees of underactuation with a single thrust. The solution builds on the one developed for fully-actuated agents in Part I of the paper. In addition, the way the solution is tailored for underactuation relies on further utilization of hierarchic set stabilization, and reduction. Additional remarks on the benefits of the approach, and simulation results of the proposed solutions are presented.

关键词： Formation control distributed stabilization underactuated systems hierarchical control reduction

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Efficient Hybrid Beamforming with Anti-Blockage Design for High-Speed Railway Communications

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Gao, Meilin Ai, Bo Niu, Yong Wu, Wen Yang, Peng Lyu, Feng Shen, Xuemin State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China

Future railway is expected to accommodate both train operation services and passenger broadband services. The millimeter wave (mmWave) communication is a promising technology in providing multi-gigabit data rates to onboard users. However, mmWave communications suffer from severe propagation attenuation and vulnerability to blockage, which can be very challenging in high-speed railway (HSR) scenarios. In this paper, we investigate efficient hybrid beamforming (HBF) design for train-to-ground communications. First, we develop a two-stage HBF algorithm in blockage-free scenarios. In the first stage, the minimum mean square error method is adopted for optimal hybrid beamformer design with low complexity and fast convergence;in the second stage, the orthogonal matching pursuit method is utilized to approximately recover the analog and digital beamformers. Second, in blocked scenarios, we design an anti-blockage scheme by adaptively invoking the proposed HBF algorithm, which can efficiently deal with random blockages. Extensive simulation results are presented to show the sum rate performance of the proposed algorithms under various configurations, including transmission power, velocity of the train, blockage probability, etc. It is demonstrated that the proposed anti-blockage algorithm can improve the effective rate by 20% in severely-blocked scenarios while maintaining low outage probability. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mean square error

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Identification of Cancer Development Related Pathways Based on Co-Expression Analyses

Identification of Cancer Development Related Pathways Based ...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Hongyang Jiang Zhihang Wang Chaoyi Yin Peishuo Sun Ying Xu Huiyan Sun School of Artificial Intelligence Jilin University Changchun Innovation Group of Marine Engineering Materials and Corrosion Control Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai China College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China School of Artificial Intelligence Jilin University Changchun China Computational Systems Biology Lab Institute of Bioinformatics University of Georgia Athens USA School of Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun

ISBN: (数字)9781728162157

ISBN: (纸本)9781728162164

Cancer is a rapidly evolving disease, with complex physiological changes throughout its development. Different patients of the same cancer type may require distinct treatments depending on the level of development. Hence it is essential to identify the genes and biological processes strongly associated with cancer progression to design an effective treatment plan. Our study has found that cancer samples of the same development stage (or grade, subtype) tend to share highly unique co-expression patterns, providing considerably stronger discerning power than differential expressions for cancer staging (and grading, subtyping). Based on this, we have developed a framework for identification and analyses of genes and pathways strongly associated with a cancer's development through identification of co-expression patterns that become increasingly stronger or weaker over cancer samples from early through advanced stages. Functional analyses of such co-expressed genes reveal that (1) cell-cycle, immune response, ribosome, proteasome and oxidative phosphorylation, among others, strongly associate with cancer development, (2) the co-expression patterns among ribosome, proteasome and oxidative phosphorylation genes tend to become increasingly weaker as a cancer advances, for almost all cancer types, and (3) the co-expression patterns among cell cycle and immune response genes tend to become increasingly stronger with cancer progression. We anticipate that co-expression-based analyses like we present here will become a key technique for functional studies of cancer development and evolution.

关键词： Cancer Correlation Indexes Biological processes Physiology Immune system Genetic expression

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Two-line graphs of partial Latin rectangles

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Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics 2018年 68卷 53-58页

作者： Danan, Eiran Falcón, Raúl M. Kotlar, Dani Marbach, Trent G. Stones, Rebecca J. Department of Computer Science Tel-Hai College Upper Galilee Israel School of Building Engineering Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain College of Computer and Control Engineering Nankai University Tianjin China

Two-line graphs of a given partial Latin rectangle are introduced as vertex-and-edge-coloured bipartite graphs that give rise to new autotopism invariants. They reduce the complexity of any currently known method for ... 详细信息

关键词： adequate partition autotopism group entry invariant partial Latin rectangle

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An analysis on the current researches in encryption algorithms based on neural networks

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第3期1486卷

作者： Jin Ouyang School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing China

To perform an in-depth analysis on the current researches concerning the application of neural networks in the encryption algorithms, this paper used some research methods such as literature review and algorithm analysis to review the proposal and application of neural network technologies as well as the proposal and research and development of encryption algorithms through. The importance of neural networks in the encryption algorithms is highlighted. The current researches on encryption algorithms based on neural networks are reviewed from three dimensions, namely, algorithm framework, algorithm model and algorithm application. Through the research, it shows that the neural network technology has become the preferred choice for developing the encryption algorithms. This paper also proposed the direction of improvement through fusion application of multiple information processing technologies. This work lays the basis for improving the encryption algorithms based on neural network.

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Main Steam Temperature Prediction Modeling Based on Autoencoder and GRU

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1621卷

作者： Ling Zheng Xinwei Cao Fei Chen School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing China

There is an important parameter in the normal operation of thermal power plant units, that is, the main steam temperature, too high or too low will have a great impact on production. For safety and efficiency considerations, the main steam temperature needs to be controlled within a stable and appropriate range. In this way, the safety of equipment and people is guaranteed, but also ensures that resources will not be wasted. The prediction of the main steam temperature can achieve this aim. In view of the numerous influencing factors and non-linear characteristics of the main steam temperature, this paper proposes a main steam temperature prediction model based on autoencoder and GRU. First, build an autoencoder model, use historical data for training, enable it to accurately extract the essential information of the data. Then multiple influence parameters are dimensional reduced by the trained autoencoder, and use the reduced data as the input of the neural network built using GRU for training. The better model is finally compared with RNN and LSTM to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the method.

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