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NR-Router+: Enhanced Non-Regular Electrode Routing With Optimal Pin Selection for Electrowetting-on-Dielectric Chips

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2024年第9期43卷 2606-2619页

作者： Pan, Youlin Liu, Genggeng Huang, Xing Li, Zipeng Huang, Hsin-Chuan Liang, Chi-Chun Wang, Qining Kim, Chang-Jin Ho, Tsung-Yi Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Computer Science Xi'an710072 China Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350116 China Apple Inc. Silicon Engineering Group CupertinoCA95014 United States National Tsing Hua University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu300044 Taiwan University of California at Los Angeles Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department Los AngelesCA90095 United States The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong

With the advances in microfluidics, electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) chips have widely been applied to various biological and chemical laboratory protocols. Glass-based EWOD chips with nonregular electrodes are proposed, which allow more reliable droplet operations and facilitate the integration of optical sensors for many biochemical applications. Furthermore, nonregular electrode designs are utilized in EWOD chips, e.g., interdigitated electrodes for more reliable droplet manipulation, custom shaped electrodes for specific applications like concentric heating, etc. However, due to the technical challenges of fabricating multilayer interconnection on the glass substrate, e.g., unreliable process and high cost, both control electrodes and wires are fabricated with a single-layer configuration, which poses significant challenges to pin selection for nonregular electrodes. In this article, we propose a minimum-cost flow-based routing algorithm called NR-Router+ that features efficient and robust routing for single-layer EWOD chips with nonregular electrodes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that overcomes the aforementioned challenges. We construct a minimum-cost flow algorithm to generate optimal routing paths followed by a light-weight model to handle flow capacity. A grid reduction strategy is proposed to reduce the computational overhead. Additionally, a flow collocation algorithm based on integer linear programming is presented to efficiently prevent wire overlapping. Experimental results show that NR-Router+ achieves 100% routability while minimizing wirelength with shorter run time. Moreover, NR-Router+ can generate mask files feasible for manufacturing via adjustments of design parameters, thus demonstrating its robustness and efficiency. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Electrodes

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Self‐training maximum classifier discrepancy for EEG emotion recognition

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2023年第4期8卷 1480-1491页

作者： Xu Zhang Dengbing Huang Hanyu Li Youjia Zhang Ying Xia Jinzhuo Liu School of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina Key Laboratory of Tourism Multisource Data Perception and Decision Ministry of Culture and TourismChongqingChina School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha UniversityIncheonSouth Korea School of Software Yunnan UniversityYunnanChina

Even with an unprecedented breakthrough of deep learning in electroencephalography(EEG),collecting adequate labelled samples is a critical problem due to laborious and time‐consuming *** study proposed to solve the limited label problem via domain adaptation ***,they mainly focus on reducing domain discrepancy without considering task‐specific decision boundaries,which may lead to feature distribution overmatching and therefore make it hard to match within a large domain gap completely.A novel self‐training maximum classifier discrepancy method for EEG classification is proposed in this *** proposed approach detects samples from a new subject beyond the support of the existing source subjects by maximising the discrepancies between two classifiers'***,a self‐training method that uses unlabelled test data to fully use knowledge from the new subject and further reduce the domain gap is ***,a 3D Cube that incorporates the spatial and frequency information of the EEG data to create input features of a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)is *** experiments on SEED and SEED‐IV are *** experimental evaluations exhibit that the proposed method can effectively deal with domain transfer problems and achieve better performance.

关键词： artificial intelligence bioinformatics domain adaptation EEG neural network pattern classification

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Pancreatic Cancer Prediction Machine Learning using Multi Fusion Model

Pancreatic Cancer Prediction Machine Learning using Multi Fu...

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2024 International Conference on Distributed Systems, computer Networks and Cybersecurity, ICDSCNC 2024

作者： Sathiyapriya, V. Devi, K. Nethra Deepa, S. Marimuthu, M. Manikandan, P. Prabu, S. Knowledge Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kakapalayam India Gnanamani College of Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Namakkal India Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Srm Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Tiruchirappalli India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375442

Pancreatic cancer poses a significant challenge in early detection and treatment due to its malignant nature within the digestive tract. Recent studies, such as those conducted by the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, predict that pancreatic cancer will rank as the world's second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in 2020. Various methods have been explored in the literature to segment pancreatic tumors and detect lesions from CT images, crucial for assessing severity. One such method is the Min-Max segmentation algorithm, which effectively removes the jaundiced sclera region from affected eyes by analysing color gradients, offering more feasible and discriminative solutions. Additionally, the utilization of Whale Optimized feature-based selection aids in extracting optimal features for optimization purposes. Through an analysis of different classification algorithms and the implementation of a suggested technique for achieving optimum solutions and maximum accuracy, the proposed work is structured into two phases. Phase I involves pre-processing and artifact removal, followed by segmentation, while Phase II focuses on feature extraction, feature selection, and classification. The initial step of pre-processing the image facilitates pixel location using intensity measures, crucial for accurate tumor segmentation and minimizing false detection. Ultimately, the proposed approach aims to design and develop an optimal feature selection strategy for classifying pancreatic cancer tumors in PET/CT images, resulting in increased classification efficiency 92% and improved cancer tumor detection rates with compare other existing approaches. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： computerized tomography

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IoT-Enhanced Agricultural Water Management System Utilizing Conventional Machine Learning Methods

IoT-Enhanced Agricultural Water Management System Utilizing ...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Modelling, Simulation and Intelligent Computing, MoSICom 2023

作者： Singh, Jagendra Garg, Neha Kukreja, Sonal Saini, Mayank Singh, Ishaan Mall, Shachi Bennett University School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology Greater Noida India Publicis Sapient Manager Data Science Greater Noida India Galgotias University School of Computer Science and Engineering Greater Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350393415

This study delves into IoT-enhanced Agricultural Water Management, aspiring to transform farming for enhanced crop output and sustainability. It focuses on an intelligent system incorporating a sensor network and varied machine learning methods for climate monitoring and yield prediction in tomato cultivation. Notably, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) stood out with a 95.2% accuracy rate in predicting yields, highlighting its potential as a pivotal tool in effective irrigation management. This adaptive, data-driven system promises advanced water management, addressing pressing global concerns of food security and resource conservation by aligning agricultural practices with environmental parameters and enabling heightened crop productivity. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Water management

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Understanding and improving fairness in cognitive diagnosis

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 99-114页

作者： Zheng ZHANG Le WU Qi LIU Jiayu LIU Zhenya HUANG Yu YIN Yan ZHUANG Weibo GAO Enhong CHEN Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application School of Computer Science and Technology& School of Data Science University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology

Intelligent education is a significant application of artificial intelligence. One of the key research topics in intelligence education is cognitive diagnosis, which aims to gauge the level of proficiency among students on specific knowledge concepts(e.g., Geometry). To the best of our knowledge, most of the existing cognitive models primarily focus on improving diagnostic accuracy while rarely considering fairness issues; for instance, the diagnosis of students may be affected by various sensitive attributes(e.g., region). In this paper,we aim to explore fairness in cognitive diagnosis and answer two questions:(1) Are the results of existing cognitive diagnosis models affected by sensitive attributes?(2) If yes, how can we mitigate the impact of sensitive attributes to ensure fair diagnosis results? To this end, we first empirically reveal that several wellknown cognitive diagnosis methods usually lead to unfair performances, and the trend of unfairness varies among different cognitive diagnosis models. Then, we make a theoretical analysis to explain the reasons behind this phenomenon. To resolve the unfairness problem in existing cognitive diagnosis models, we propose a general fairness-aware cognitive diagnosis framework, FairCD. Our fundamental principle involves eliminating the effect of sensitive attributes on student proficiency. To achieve this, we divide student proficiency in existing cognitive diagnosis models into two components: bias proficiency and fair *** design two orthogonal tasks for each of them to ensure that fairness in proficiency remains independent of sensitive attributes and take it as the final diagnosed result. Extensive experiments on the Program for International Student Assessment(PISA) dataset clearly show the effectiveness of our framework.

关键词： fairness intelligent education cognitive diagnosis psychometrics adversarial learning

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Attention-based Multimodal Fusion with Adversarial Network for In-Hospital Mortality Prediction

Attention-based Multimodal Fusion with Adversarial Network f...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： An, Ying Qiu, Ruping Guo, Lin Chen, Xianlai Central South University Big Data Institute Changsha China Central South University School of Computer Science and Engineering Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

It is crucial to predict the in-hospital mortality for improving clinical decision-making and optimizing hospital resource allocation. Many recent studies have attempted to integrate multimodal data, such as digital time series and clinical notes from electronic health records (EHRs), to improve the performance of mortality prediction. Although current methods show good performance, it is often difficult to effectively capture fine-grained inter-modal correspondences. In addition, the different distributions and heterogeneous properties of the various modalities lead to modality gaps that severely affect the effectiveness of modal fusion. To overcome these limitations, we propose an Attention-based Multimodal Fusion with Adversarial network (AMFA) for in-hospital mortality prediction. In AMFA, feature extraction is first performed to obtain modality-specific features, and then an attention mechanism is employed to capture inter-modal interrelationships. The main difference with existing methods is that AMFA achieves this by calculating the relative importance of individual features focusing attention on the most relevant features and eliminating irrelevant features, and then reassigning attention between relevant features to obtain finer semantic relevance. Subsequently, we introduce a discriminator network that addresses the modality gap by adjusting the distribution of various modal representations through adversarial training. We evaluate AMFA on two publicly available datasets, and experimental results show that AMFA outperforms several state-of-the-art models in the task of in-hospital mortality prediction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Advancing Early Detection: CNN for Automated Blood Cancer Diagnosis and Anomaly Detection 2

Advancing Early Detection: CNN for Automated Blood Cancer Di...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on IoT, Communication and Automation Technology, ICICAT 2024

作者： Raji, V. Seetharaman, Anburaman Kasi, Baskar Govindaraju, Sakthi Paarkavy, B. S K P Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tiruvannamalai India Sri Venkateswaraa College of Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Chennai India Galgotias University School of Computer Science and Engineering Greater Noida India Galgotias University School of Computer Science and Engineering Greater Noida India Saveetha Engineering College Department of AI&DS Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368109

The evaluation and diagnosis of diseases related to blood cancer can be intricate and time-consuming. This complexity is compounded by the reliance on manual analyses employing techniques that consume a significant amount of time. Numerous methods have been created over the past ten years for the finding, analysis, and categorization of human blood cancer. The lack of methods or models that can automatically analyze human blood cells to detect the presence of cancer, however, is still a significant issue. The development of such a model holds the potential to enhance the early detection and prevention of these diseases, thereby facilitating more prompt medical diagnoses. In our ongoing research, we present our current endeavors in the creation of a Deeper with Convolutions Neural Network (DCNN) Learning Model capable of recognizing anomalies in blood cells. We employ a Hybrid Ensemble DCNN Learning technique for the identification of blood cancer. With accuracy rates surpassing 99%, this method is one of the most sophisticated deep learning models. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Genetic Programming with Multi-Task Feature Selection for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis 13

Genetic Programming with Multi-Task Feature Selection for Al...

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13th IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2024

作者： Tang, Shanshan Chen, Qi Xue, Bing Huang, Min Zhang, Mengjie College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University Liaoning Shenyang110819 China Victoria University of Wellington Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence School of Engineering and Computer Science Wellington New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308365

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been the most common cause of dementia making cognitive score prediction and important feature identification crucial for its diagnosis. Although sparse linear regression has been used for this purpose due to its simplicity, it often selects an excessive number of features to track the disease and assumes a linear relationship between input and output, which might not always hold. To address these limitations, genetic programming-based symbolic regression (GPSR) algorithms have been proposed. GPSR can select the important features by exploring the feature space and learning a regression model without any assumption of model structure. However, the generalization ability of existing GPSR methods still needs to be improved. Considering the multiple related prediction tasks in AD studies, this work proposes a new method called linear scaled GPSR with multi-task feature selection (LSGPMTFS), to promote the prediction performance of each task by knowledge-sharing among multiple tasks. LSGPMTFS has two stages. The first stage learns a specific feature subset for each task. In the second stage, the model for each task is searched on the union of feature subsets selected from the first stage. The experimental results on authentic AD datasets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can select a small set of important features with better learning and generalization performance compared with other GPSR methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic programming

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Joint user profiling with hierarchical attention networks

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Frontiers of computer science 2023年第3期17卷 133-143页

作者： Xiaojian LIU Yi ZHU Xindong WU Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data(Hefei University of Technology) Ministry of EducationHefei 230009China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China School of Information Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Mininglamp Academy of Sciences MininglampBeijing 100193China

User profiling by inferring user personality traits,such as age and gender,plays an increasingly important role in many real-world *** existing methods for user profiling either use only one type of data or ignore handling the noisy information of ***,they usually consider this problem from only one *** this paper,we propose a joint user profiling model with hierarchical attention networks(JUHA)to learn informative user representations for user *** JUHA method does user profiling based on both inner-user and inter-user *** explore inner-user features from user behaviors(e.g.,purchased items and posted blogs),and inter-user features from a user-user graph(where similar users could be connected to each other).JUHA learns basic sentence and bag representations from multiple separate sources of data(user behaviors)as the first round of data *** this module,convolutional neural networks(CNNs)are introduced to capture word and sentence features of age and gender while the self-attention mechanism is exploited to weaken the noisy *** this,we build another bag which contains a user-user ***-user features are learned from this bag using propagation information between linked users in the *** acquire more robust data,inter-user features and other inner-user bag representations are joined into each sentence in the current bag to learn the final bag ***,all of the bag representations are integrated to lean comprehensive user representation by the self-attention *** experimental results demonstrate that our approach outperforms several state-of-the-art methods and improves prediction performance.

关键词： user profiling hierarchical attention joint learning inner-user feature inter-user feature

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MG-Net: Learn to Customize QAOA with Circuit Depth Awareness 38

MG-Net: Learn to Customize QAOA with Circuit Depth Awareness

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Qian, Yang Wang, Xinbiao Du, Yuxuan Luo, Yong Tao, Dacheng School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering University of Sydney NSW2008 Australia Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and its variants exhibit immense potential in tackling combinatorial optimization challenges. However, their practical realization confronts a dilemma: the requisite circuit depth for satisfactory performance is problem-specific and often exceeds the maximum capability of current quantum devices. To address this dilemma, here we first analyze the convergence behavior of QAOA, uncovering the origins of this dilemma and elucidating the intricate relationship between the employed mixer Hamiltonian, the specific problem at hand, and the permissible maximum circuit depth. Harnessing this understanding, we introduce the Mixer Generator Network (MG-Net), a unified deep learning framework adept at dynamically formulating optimal mixer Hamiltonians tailored to distinct tasks and circuit depths. Systematic simulations, encompassing Ising models and weighted Max-Cut instances with up to 64 qubits, substantiate our theoretical findings, highlighting MG-Net's superior performance in terms of both approximation ratio and efficiency. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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