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3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence For Internet of Things, AIIoT 2024

作者： Mohith, Vankadari Raja, Kalpana Oviya, I.R. Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Yale University Section for Biomedical Informatics and Data Science School of Medicine New Haven United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372120

In response to the evolving landscape of healthcare technology this study addresses the need for automated diagnostic tools in the field of ophthalmology. By utilizing deep learning methods specifically leveraging the EfficientNetV2S framework we achieve an overall accuracy rate of 94.6% in classifying images depicting common eye conditions like cataract, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and normal cases. Our model exhibits capabilities across a diverse spectrum of medical conditions due to meticulous preprocessing and fine-tuning procedures. The results highlight the potential for automated technology integration in healthcare settings, which might improve patient care and treatment plans. This paper highlights the use of advanced neural network designs in the diagnosis of ocular illnesses, offering insights at the nexus of learning and medical image processing. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ophthalmology

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Plausible Heterogeneous Graph k-Anonymization for Social Networks

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2022年第6期27卷 912-924页

作者： Kaiyang Li Ling Tian Xu Zheng Bei Hui School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Trusted Cloud Computing and Big Data Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610000China

The inefficient utilization of ubiquitous graph data with combinatorial structures necessitates graph embedding methods,aiming at learning a continuous vector space for the graph which is amenable to be adopted in traditional machine learning algorithms in favor of vector *** embedding methods build an important bridge between social network analysis and data analytics as social networks naturally generate an unprecedented volume of graph data *** social network data not only bring benefit for public health,disaster response,commercial promotion,and many other applications,but also give birth to threats that jeopardize each individual’s privacy and ***,most existing works in publishing social graph embedding data only focus on preserving social graph structure with less attention paid to the privacy issues inherited from social *** be specific,attackers can infer the presence of a sensitive relationship between two individuals by training a predictive model with the exposed social network *** this paper,we propose a novel link-privacy preserved graph embedding framework using adversarial learning,which can reduce adversary’s prediction accuracy on sensitive links while persevering sufficient non-sensitive information such as graph topology and node attributes in graph *** experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed framework using ground truth social network datasets.

关键词： social network graph embedding privacy preservation adversarial learning

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On-Line System of Garbage Image-Orientated Intelligent Classification, Submission and Examination 20

On-Line System of Garbage Image-Orientated Intelligent Class...

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20th IEEE International Conference on e-Business engineering, ICEBE 2024

作者： Tian, Jiayin Wang, Yaozhi Liu, Jiaxin Chen, Yan School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'an China Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Key Lab of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Shaanxi Xi'an China School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Key Lab of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Shaanxi Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365856

In a world brimming with new products continually, novel waste types are ubiquitous. This makes current image-based garbage classification systems difficult to perform well due to the long-tailed effects of distribution of garbage types, and necessitates an urgent and efficient garbage classification with abilities of detecting new and rare wastes and class-incremental learning for environmental sustainability. Therefore, we propose a framework of Online System of Garbage Image-Oriented Intelligent Classification, Submission, and Examination, facilitating the incremental garbage classification efforts. In which, to identify novel garbage effectively, we also introduced few-shot object detection method with two key algorithms: Two-Stage Object Detection Learning Algorithm and Dynamic Query-based Incremental Few-shot Learning Algorithm. Our experiment results show that Both outperform the current existing ones in dataset, MS COCO. Then, a strategy of Class-Incremental learning based Residual Network is proposed to meet the need of new waste class-incremental learning. The experimental results support our strategy. Finally, a prototype system employed the above algorithms and the strategy is described. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Improving Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis on Brain MRI Scans with an Ensemble of Deep Learning Models 1

Improving Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis on Brain MRI Scans w...

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1st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Innovations in Healthcare Industries, ICAIIHI 2023

作者： Reza, Md. Sazid Jahangir Kabir, Mir Md. Rakib Mollah, Md. Abdur Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajshahi Bangladesh Td School University of Technology Sydney Data Science and Innovation Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330915

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurolog-ical condition affecting millions globally. It gradually advances, leading to memory loss, cognitive deterioration, and a substantial decline in overall quality of life for those affected. AD patients experience memory decline, eroding cherished memories and straining relationships, while daily tasks become challenging. Numerous investigations have been conducted in this field, as the timely identification of Alzheimer's disease at its initial stage is of the utmost importance. A major limitation in this field is the predominant emphasis on using single fine-tuned CNN architecture or comparing pre-trained and custom CNN models for Alzheimer's detection, often on small datasets, which neglects a more comprehensive approach. Using smaller datasets can negatively impact deep learning modeling accuracy due to overfitting, limited representation, and poor generalization. This study addresses the current research problems and proposes an ensemble approach that combines predictions from various pre-trained models, including DenseNet-121, EfficientNet B7, ResNet-50, VGG-19, and also from a Custom CNN. The model averaging ensemble method was applied, a subset of the Stacking Ensemble, to two ADNI datasets, with dataset-I being the larger. The goal was to assess the efficacy of this ensemble approach for accurate multiclass classification on ADNI datasets, where it successfully identified all classes despite differing sample volumes. A vast experiment was conducted on two distinct and widely recognized real-world datasets, resulting in accuracies of 99.96% and 98.90% respectively. Finally, the outcome of the research compared with recent research findings demonstrates the potential of our approach in advancing Alzheimer's disease detection by outperforming other benchmark approaches by a significant margin. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： ADNI DenseNet-121 EfficientNet B7 Ensemble Model Averaging Predictions ResNet-50 VGG-19

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Self-training through Classifier Disagreement for Cross-Domain Opinion Target Extraction 23

Self-training through Classifier Disagreement for Cross-Doma...

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32nd ACM World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2023

作者： Sun, Kai Zhang, Richong Samuel, Mensah Nikolaos, Aletras Mao, Yongyi Liu, Xudong Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394161

Opinion target extraction (OTE) or aspect extraction (AE) is a fundamental task in opinion mining that aims to extract the targets (or aspects) on which opinions have been expressed. Recent work focus on cross-domain OTE, which is typically encountered in real-world scenarios, where the testing and training distributions differ. Most methods use domain adversarial neural networks that aim to reduce the domain gap between the labelled source and unlabelled target domains to improve target domain performance. However, this approach only aligns feature distributions and does not account for class-wise feature alignment, leading to suboptimal results. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has been explored as a solution, but is limited by the quality of pseudo-labels generated by the model. Inspired by the theoretical foundations in domain adaptation [2], we propose a new SSL approach that opts for selecting target samples whose model output from a domain-specific teacher and student network disagree on the unlabelled target data, in an effort to boost the target domain performance. Extensive experiments on benchmark cross-domain OTE datasets show that this approach is effective and performs consistently well in settings with large domain shifts. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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mVulPreter: A Multi-Granularity Vulnerability Detection System With Interpretations

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2022年 1-12页

作者： Zou, Deqing Hu, Yutao Li, Wenke Wu, Yueming Zhao, Haojun Jin, Hai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Due to the powerful automatic feature extraction, deep learning-based vulnerability detection methods have evolved significantly in recent years. However, almost all current work focuses on detecting vulnerabilities at a single granularity (i.e., slice-level or function-level). In practice, slice-level vulnerability detection is fine-grained but may contain incomplete vulnerability details. Function-level vulnerability detection includes full vulnerability semantics but may contain vulnerability-unrelated statements. Meanwhile, they pay more attention to predicting whether the source code is vulnerable and cannot pinpoint which statements are more likely to be vulnerable. In this paper, we design mVulPreter, a multi-granularity vulnerability detector that can provide interpretations of detection results. Specifically, we propose a novel technique to effectively blend the advantages of function-level and slice-level vulnerability detection models and output the detection results' interpretation only by the model itself. We evaluate mVulPreter on a dataset containing 5,310 vulnerable functions and 7,601 non-vulnerable functions. The experimental results indicate that mVulPreter outperforms existing state-of-the-art vulnerability detection approaches (i.e., Checkmarx, FlawFinder, RATS, TokenCNN, StatementLSTM, SySeVR, and Devign). IEEE

关键词： Semantics

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Facial Image-Based Autism Detection:A Comparative Study of Deep Neural Network Classifiers

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 105-126页

作者： Tayyaba Farhat Sheeraz Akram Hatoon SAlSagri Zulfiqar Ali Awais Ahmad Arfan Jaffar Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyThe Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh12571Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering(CSEE) University of EssexWivenhoe ParkColchesterCO43SQUK

Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant challenges in social interaction,communication,and repetitive *** and precise ASD detection is crucial,particularly in regions with limited diagnostic resources like *** study aims to conduct an extensive comparative analysis of various machine learning classifiers for ASD detection using facial images to identify an accurate and cost-effective solution tailored to the local *** research involves experimentation with VGG16 and MobileNet models,exploring different batch sizes,optimizers,and learning rate *** addition,the“Orange”machine learning tool is employed to evaluate classifier performance and automated image processing capabilities are utilized within the *** findings unequivocally establish VGG16 as the most effective classifier with a 5-fold cross-validation ***,VGG16,with a batch size of 2 and the Adam optimizer,trained for 100 epochs,achieves a remarkable validation accuracy of 99% and a testing accuracy of 87%.Furthermore,the model achieves an F1 score of 88%,precision of 85%,and recall of 90% on test *** validate the practical applicability of the VGG16 model with 5-fold cross-validation,the study conducts further testing on a dataset sourced fromautism centers in Pakistan,resulting in an accuracy rate of 85%.This reaffirms the model’s suitability for real-world ASD *** research offers valuable insights into classifier performance,emphasizing the potential of machine learning to deliver precise and accessible ASD diagnoses via facial image analysis.

关键词： Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) disease segmentation features optimization deep learning models facial images classification

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Don’t Ignore the Drive of Curiosity: Rethinking Subtleties Between Universality of Commonsense Knowledge and Excellence of Large Language Models

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SN computer science 2024年第6期5卷 1-14页

作者： Wang, Chao Chen, Tao Liu, Jingping School of Future Technology Shanghai University Shanghai China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Shanghai University Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China School of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China

Commonsense reasoning is one of the abilities necessary for artificial intelligence to be as intelligent as humans. However, how to make AI understand commonsense has been a problem that has plagued artificial intelligence for more than 60 years. Existing efforts focus more on the means of knowledge acquisition and strive to enrich the capacity of commonsense knowledge (CSK) bases and dimensions of CSK through advanced methods. Unfortunately, this exuberance has obscured a general consideration of CSK, such as how to follow human habits to obtain the most representative knowledge we need to understand the world. In this paper, this representative knowledge is referred to as core CSK. The influence of core CSK is extensive, and it constitutes almost the fundamental element of human life and the most fundamental cognition of the world. Harnessing human curiosity to find solutions to the above problems is an effective and straightforward route. Specifically, we focus on a special corpus to mine core CSK, namely, why-questions. For example, we can harvest “the sky is blue” from “why is the sky blue?”. To this end, we propose a novel method to extract CSK from why-questions, which mainly consist of two modules. The first is a question classification module used to determine whether a question contains CSK. In this module, we propose a classifier based on a one-sided bootstrapping method and design several informative features for the classifier. The second is a crowdsourcing module used to improve the quality of the extracted commonsense. We conduct extensive experiments, and the experimental results show that our method effectively mines CSK from question corpora. Furthermore, statistical analysis demonstrates the feasibility of this curiosity-driven approach, implying that we provide a basic idea for collecting core CSK. Remarkably, today’s outstanding large language models do not have such simple knowledge summarization capabilities, demonstrating the barrier between

关键词： Classification Core Commonsense knowledge Crowdsourcing Curiosity Psychologically

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GACP:graph neural networks with ARMA flters and a parallel CNN for hyperspectral image classification

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1770-1800页

作者： Jing Yang Jie Sun Yaping Ren Shaobo Li Shujie Ding Jianjun Hu School of Mechanical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyangPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou UniversityGuiyangPeople’s Republic of China School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Jinan UniversityZhuhaiPeople’s Republic of China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA

In recent years,the use of convolutional neural networks(CNNs)and graph neural networks(GNNs)to identify hyperspectral images(HSIs)has achieved excellent results,and such methods are widely used in agricultural remote sensing,geological exploration,and marine remote *** many generalization classification algorithms are designed for the purpose of learning a small number of samples,there is often a problem of a low utilization rate of position information in the empty spectral *** on this,a GNN with an autoregressive moving average(ARMA)-based smoothingfilter samples the node information in the null spectral domain and then captures the spatial information at the pixel level via spatial feature convolution;then,the null spectral domain position information lost by the CNN is located by a coordinate attention(CA)***,autoregressive,spatial convolution,and CA mechanisms are combined into multiscale features to enhance the learning capacity of the network for tiny *** conducted on the widely used Indian Pines(IP)dataset,the Botswana(BS)dataset,Houton 2013(H2013),and the WHU-Hi-HongHu(WHU)benchmark HSI dataset demonstrate that the proposed GACP technique can perform classification work with good accuracy even with a small number of training examples.

关键词： Graph neural networks word convolutional neural networks hyperspectral image classification attention mechanisms

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An Empirical Analysis on Spatial Reasoning Capabilities of Large Multimodal Models

An Empirical Analysis on Spatial Reasoning Capabilities of L...

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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Shiri, Fatemeh Guo, Xiao-Yu Far, Mona Golestan Yu, Xin Haffari, Gholamreza Li, Yuan-Fang Department of Data Science & AI Monash University Australia Australian Institute for Machine Learning University of Adelaide Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Queensland Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved strong performance across a range of vision and language tasks. However, their spatial reasoning capabilities are under-investigated. In this paper, we construct a novel VQA dataset, Spatial-MM, to comprehensively study LMMs' spatial understanding and reasoning capabilities. Our analyses on object-relationship and multi-hop reasoning reveal several important findings. Firstly, bounding boxes and scene graphs, even synthetic ones, can significantly enhance LMMs' spatial reasoning. Secondly, LMMs struggle more with questions posed from the human perspective than the camera perspective about the image. Thirdly, chain of thought (CoT) prompting does not improve model performance on complex multi-hop questions involving spatial relations. Lastly, our perturbation analysis on GQA-spatial reveals that LMMs are much stronger at basic object detection than complex spatial reasoning. We believe our new benchmark dataset and in-depth analyses can spark further research on LMMs spatial reasoning. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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