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Threshold Huffman-Based Covert Timing Channel Detection

International Journal of Network Security 2025年第1期27卷 61-71页

作者： Lin, Yuwei Chen, Yonghong Zhuang, Xiaolong Huang, Xuwen School of Computer Science and Technology Huaqiao University Fujian Xiamen361000 China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Data Security and Blockchain Technology Huaqiao University Fujian Xiamen361000 China

Network covert timing channels in computer networks evade effective detection by traditional security mechanisms such as firewalls, posing a significant threat to network security. However, most existing methods struggle to detect such channels when the window size is small. Additionally, the emergence of the new ϵ-κlibur channel has resulted in a decline in performance for detection methods such as GAS, SnapCatch, and DNN when detecting this particular channel. In this paper, we investigate a Huffman tree-based approach for detecting anomalous nodes in traffic and achieving the classification of channels through the design of weight intervals. Our method achieves an average detection rate of over 95% for each channel. Additionally, compared to GAS, SnapCatch, and DNN, our method improves the detection rates for the ϵ-κlibur channel by 11.75%, 8.46%, and 4.81%, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed approach successfully detects ϵ-κlibur and achieves detection in a small window. © (2025), (Femto Technique Co., Ltd.). All rights reserved.

关键词： computer system firewalls

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Towards Real-World Rumor Detection: Anomaly Detection Framework with Graph Supervised Contrastive Learning 31

Towards Real-World Rumor Detection: Anomaly Detection Framew...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Cui, Chaoqun Jia, Caiyan School of Computer Science and Technology & Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Data Analysis and Mining Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Current rumor detection methods based on propagation structure learning predominately treat rumor detection as a class-balanced classification task on limited labeled data. However, real-world social media data exhibits an imbalanced distribution with a minority of rumors among massive regular posts. To address the data scarcity and imbalance issues, we construct two large-scale conversation datasets from Weibo and Twitter and analyze the domain distributions. We find obvious differences between rumor and non-rumor distributions, with non-rumors mostly in entertainment domains while rumors concentrate in news, indicating the conformity of rumor detection to an anomaly detection paradigm. Correspondingly, we propose the Anomaly Detection framework with Graph Supervised Contrastive Learning (AD-GSCL). It heuristically treats unlabeled data as non-rumors and adapts graph contrastive learning for rumor detection. Extensive experiments demonstrate AD-GSCL's superiority under class-balanced, imbalanced, and few-shot conditions. Our findings provide valuable insights for real-world rumor detection featuring imbalanced data distributions. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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MART(Splitting-Merging Assisted Reliable)Independent Component Analysis for Extracting Accurate Brain Functional Networks

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第7期40卷 905-920页

作者： Xingyu He Vince D.Calhoun Yuhui Du School of Computer and Information Technology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of TechnologyEmory UniversityAtlanta 30303USA

Functional networks(FNs)hold significant promise in understanding brain *** component analysis(ICA)has been applied in estimating FNs from functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).However,determining an optimal model order for ICA remains challenging,leading to criticism about the reliability of FN ***,we propose a SMART(splitting-merging assisted reliable)ICA method that automatically extracts reliable FNs by clustering independent components(ICs)obtained from multi-model-order ICA using a simplified graph while providing linkages among FNs deduced from different-model *** extend SMART ICA to multi-subject fMRI analysis,validating its effectiveness using simulated and real fMRI *** on simulated data,the method accurately estimates both group-common and group-unique components and demonstrates robustness to *** two age-matched cohorts of resting fMRI data comprising 1,950 healthy subjects,the resulting reliable group-level FNs are greatly similar between the two cohorts,and interestingly the subject-specific FNs show progressive changes while age ***,both small-scale and large-scale brain FN templates are provided as benchmarks for future *** together,SMART ICA can automatically obtain reliable FNs in analyzing multi-subject fMRI data,while also providing linkages between different FNs.

关键词： Independent component analysis Functional magnetic resonance imaging-Brain functional networks Clustering Multi-model-order

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Revolutionizing Influenza A Detection in Humans: Unleashing the Power of XGBoost Classification 2

Revolutionizing Influenza A Detection in Humans: Unleashing ...

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2nd IEEE International Conference for Women in Innovation, Technology and Entrepreneurship, ICWITE 2024

作者： Nikhil, V. Sahaaya Arul Mary, S.A. Natarajan, B. Bajulunisha, A. Anuradha, R.S. Venkatraman, K. Chennai India Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore India VIT University School of Computer Science Engineering Chennai India M.A.M College of Engineering and Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science Tiruchirappalli621105 India Panimalar Engineering College Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383287

Influenza A, a zoonotic virus potentially affecting and infecting humans, poses a significant global health threat. This research paper presents a comprehensive study on predicting Influenza A outbreaks by applying the XGBoost classification algorithm. The study utilizes two substantial datasets: one from the World Health Organization (WHO) containing global Influenza A epidemiological data from 2003 to 2023 and the other encompassing Influenza A infections in New York counties from 2009 to 2019. Both datasets underwent pre-processing, with essential features selected to develop an XGBoost Classification model for forecasting Influenza A cases in humans. The models exhibited impressive accuracy and performance metrics. Specifically, the WHO dataset demonstrated an AUC of 0.996 and an accuracy score of 0.99, while the New York dataset displayed an AUC of 0.992 and an accuracy score of 0.978. These outcomes underscore the model's capability to differentiate between positive and negative cases, showcasing high precision, accuracy, and F1 scores. The implications of this research extend to various domains, including the early detection of outbreaks, informed decision-making processes, and the implementation of public health interventions. The findings emphasize the pivotal role of high-quality and comprehensive datasets in training effective predictive models. Furthermore, the study points towards potential future avenues, such as personalized predictions, geo-spatial analysis, and integrating these predictive models with healthcare systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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CouRGe: Counterfactual Reviews Generator for Sentiment Analysis 30th

CouRGe: Counterfactual Reviews Generator for Sentiment Anal...

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30th Irish Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive science, AICS 2022

作者： Carraro, Diego Brown, Kenneth N. Insight Centre for Data Analytics School of Computer Science and IT University College Cork Cork Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031264375

Past literature in Natural Language Processing (NLP) has demonstrated that counterfactual data points are useful, for example, for increasing model generalisation, enhancing model interpretability, and as a data augmentation approach. However, obtaining counterfactual examples often requires human annotation effort, which is an expensive and highly skilled process. For these reasons, solutions that resort to transformer-based language models have been recently proposed to generate counterfactuals automatically, but such solutions show limitations. In this paper, we present CouRGe, a language model that, given a movie review (i.e. a seed review) and its sentiment label, generates a counterfactual review that is close (similar) to the seed review but of the opposite sentiment. CouRGe is trained by supervised fine-tuning of GPT-2 on a task-specific dataset of paired movie reviews, and its generation is prompt-based. The model does not require any modification to the network’s architecture or the design of a specific new task for fine-tuning. Experiments show that CouRGe’s generation is effective at flipping the seed sentiment and produces counterfactuals reasonably close to the seed review. This proves once again the great flexibility of language models towards downstream tasks as hard as counterfactual reasoning and opens up the use of CouRGe’s generated counterfactuals for the applications mentioned above. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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Enhancing Pavement Condition Assessment: A Comprehensive Review of Affordable Sensing Technologies for Cycle Tracks 11

Enhancing Pavement Condition Assessment: A Comprehensive Rev...

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11th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems, VEHITS 2025

作者： Garcia, Jeziel Antonio Ayala Shah, Syed Baig, Muhammad Hassam Qureshi, Waqar Shahid Ullah, Ihsan School of Computer Science University of Galway Galway Ireland Insight SFI Research Centre for Data Analytics University of Galway Galway Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587450

This paper explores the potential of low-cost sensing technologies for assessing the condition of cycling track pavement. As cycling gains popularity, the demand for efficient pavement maintenance solutions increases. Machine survey-based pavement condition assessment often relies on expensive, specialized equipment, which is not always suitable for cycle tracks due to limited budgets and accessibility, hence the need for low-cost solutions. The integration of low-cost sensing technologies and data collection, such as inertial measurement units (IMUs), low-cost imaging sensors, and crowdsourced data collection, presents a promising alternative for cycle track pavement surface assessment. This paper highlights the advantages of employing out-of-the-shelf devices such as smartphones with GPS, cameras, and IMU, or action cameras with GPS and IMU to collect images, their location, and vehicle vibration in a specific orientation. This data is then used to estimate pavement roughness, detect surface distress, and compute pavement surface condition. Literature reviews reveal a significant gap in the utilization of these technologies for cycle tracks, suggesting a promising area for further research and application. Furthermore, it proposes a software framework for data collection and visualization to combine these technologies to enhance the efficiency and reliability of pavement assessment for cycling infrastructure at a lower cost than machine-based pavement assessment and faster and more quantitative than manual surveys. This paper emphasizes the need for more practical and scalable solutions that support the maintenance of sustainable transportation systems. Copyright © 2025 by SCITEPRESS - science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Budget control

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A Digital Twin and Consensus Empowered Cooperative Control Framework for Platoon-Based Autonomous Driving

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清华大学学报自然科学版（英文版） 2025年第3期30卷 1096-1111页

作者： Jiayu Cao Supeng Leng Kai Xiong Xiaosha Chen School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen 518110China College of Computer Science and Technology and also with College of Data Science Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Platoon-based autonomous driving is indispensable for traffic automation,but it confronts substantial constraints in rugged terrains with unreliable links and scarce communication *** paper proposes a novel hierarchical Digital Twin(DT)and consensus empowered cooperative control framework for safe driving in harsh ***,leveraging intra-platoon information exchange,one platoon-level DT is constructed on the leader and multiple vehicle-level DTs are distributed among platoon *** leader first makes critical platoon-driving decisions based on the platoon-level ***,considering the impact of unreliable links on the platoon-level DT accuracy and the consequent risk of unsafe decision-making,a distributed consensus scheme is proposed to negotiate critical decisions *** successful negotiation,vehicles proceed to execute critical decisions,relying on their vehicle-level ***,a Space-Air-Ground-Integrated-Network(SAGIN)enabled information exchange is utilized to update the platoon-level DT for subsequent safe decision-making in scenarios with unreliable links,no roadside units,and obstructed ***,based on this framework,an adaptive platooning scheme is designed to minimize total delay and ensure driving *** results indicate that our proposed scheme improves driving safety by 21.1％and reduces total delay by 24.2％in harsh areas compared with existing approaches.

关键词： platoon autonomous driving distributed consensus digital twin space-air-ground integrated network

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Subpart Suppression Network for Few-Shot Object Counting

Subpart Suppression Network for Few-Shot Object Counting

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Liu, Lanxin Liu, Xinyan Li, Guorong School of Computer Science and Technology Key Lab of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Few-shot object counting and detection aim to count objects along with their bounding boxes specified by exemplar bounding boxes. Current mainstream methods predict density maps by applying similarity between exemplar and image features to get counting results and detecting peak points from the density map as the positions of objects. However, the sub-parts of objects can also have high similarity to the exemplars, harming the counting and detection performance. To address these issues, we propose a two-stage Subpart Suppression Network (SSN), consisting of a Subpart Suppression Density map Predictor (SSDP), which enforces the model focus on whole objects rather than subparts, and a SAM-based Detector and Verifier, which refines the final prediction by a clustering method. Extensive experiments on two popular datasets show an advantage in performance over the state-of-the-art methods and prove the components' effectiveness. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Counting Detection Few-Shot Localization

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See Detail Say Clear: Towards Brain CT Report Generation via Pathological Clue-driven Representation Learning

See Detail Say Clear: Towards Brain CT Report Generation via...

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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Zheng, Chengxin Ji, Junzhong Shi, Yanzhao Zhang, Xiaodan Qu, Liangqiong College of Computer Science Beijing University of Technology Beijing China Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science School of Computing and Data Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761681

Brain CT report generation is significant to aid physicians in diagnosing cranial diseases. Recent studies concentrate on handling the consistency between visual and textual pathological features to improve the coherence of report. However, there exist some challenges: 1) Redundant visual representing: Massive irrelevant areas in 3D scans distract models from representing salient visual contexts. 2) Shifted semantic representing: Limited medical corpus causes difficulties for models to transfer the learned textual representations to generative layers. This study introduces a Pathological Clue-driven Representation Learning (PCRL) model to build cross-modal representations based on pathological clues and naturally adapt them for accurate report generation. Specifically, we construct pathological clues from perspectives of segmented regions, pathological entities, and report themes, to fully grasp visual pathological patterns and learn cross-modal feature representations. To adapt the representations for the text generation task, we bridge the gap between representation learning and report generation by using a unified large language model (LLM) with task-tailored instructions. These crafted instructions enable the LLM to be flexibly fine-tuned across tasks and smoothly transfer the semantic representation for report generation. Experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms previous methods and achieves SoTA performance. Our code is available at https://***/ChaunceyJheng/PCRL-MRG. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Semantics

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Flow-Guided Deformable Alignment Network with Self-Supervision for Video Inpainting 48

Flow-Guided Deformable Alignment Network with Self-Supervisi...

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48th IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2023

作者： Wu, Zhiliang Zhang, Kang Sun, Changchang Xuan, Hanyu Yan, Yan Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering China Illinois Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science United States Anhui University School of Big Data and Statistics China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163277

Video inpainting aims to utilize plausible contents to fill missing regions in the video. State-of-the-art video inpainting methods typically generate the missing contents of the target frame (current frame) by aggregating the temporal information of reference frames (neighboring frames) aligned using deformable convolution. However, these deformable convolution alignment networks often suffer from offset overflow during training, resulting in unsatisfactory alignment, thereby obtaining compromised inpainting performance. In this paper, we propose a self-supervised Flow-Guided Deformable Alignment (FGDA) network for aligning reference frames at the feature level. FGDA computes the residual of the optical flow as the offsets. This design can effectively reduce the burden of offsets learning, thereby avoiding offset overflow. Furthermore, a gradient-weighted reconstruction loss for supervised completed frame reconstruction is designed, which can use the gradients in all directions of the video frame to emphasize the difficultly reconstructed texture regions, so that detail textures get more attention during training. Experiments show that FGDA-based video inpainting model trained with gradient-weighted reconstruction loss outperforms the state-of-the-art by a significant margin in terms of PSNR and SSIM with relative improvements of 6.2% and 2.1%, respectively. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Alignment

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