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European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

作者： Qin Yan Saeed Vaseghi Esfandiar Zavarehei Ben Milner School of Engineering and Design Brunel University London School of Computer and Information Engineering Hohai University Nanjing P. R. China School of Computing Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich UK

A method is presented for restoration of noisy bandlimited archived speech records. Speech is modeled with a formant-tracking linear prediction (FTLP) model of the spectral envelope and a harmonic noise model (HNM) of the excitation. The time-varying trajectories of the parameters of the LP and HNM models are tracked with Viterbi classifiers and denoised with Kalman filters. A frequency domain pitch estimation is proposed, which searches for the peak SNRs at the harmonics. The LP-HNM model is used to deconstruct noisy speech, de-noise its LP and HNM models and then reconstitute the cleaned speech. The missing spectrum at lower and higher frequency bands are reconstructed through spectral extrapolation of the LP-HNM model. Comparative evaluations show the performance gains obtained from the proposed method.

关键词： Speech Harmonic analysis Power harmonic filters Noise Noise measurement Kalman filters Estimation

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An investigation of the potential for enhancing the computational turbomachinery design cycle using surrogate models and high performance parallelisation

An investigation of the potential for enhancing the computat...

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2007 ASME Turbo Expo

作者： Kipouros, Timoleon Parks, Geoffrey T. Molinari, Massimillano Savill, Mark Dawes, William N. Jenkins, Karl W. Engineering Design Centre Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1PZ United Kingdom Computational Aerodynamics and Design Group Department of Aerospace Sciences Cranfield University Cranfield MK43 OAL United Kingdom Computational Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1PZ United Kingdom Applied Mathematics and Computing School of Engineering Cranfield University Cranfield MK43 0AL United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)079184790X

This paper describes the deployment of supplementary tools to the modern industrial aerodynamic design cycle in the context of multi-objective optimisation. The benefits arising through the use of these tools are demonstrated through a single-row stator compressor test case, minimising two of the flow characteristics most critical to the efficiency of the turbomachine: blockage and entropy generation rate. The automatic integrated design system used, MOBOS3D, is equipped with an application-specific optimiser and a RBF surrogate model, in order to decrease the computational cost of the design evaluation process. The metamodel is utilised inside the system and is constantly trained in real time from the current database of the simulated test cases. In addition, a new parallelisation strategy is implemented, which exploits the possibility of executing simulations on a cluster of clusters, reducing significantly the wall-clock time required for the design optimisation process of real-world applications. Copyright © 2007 by ASME.

关键词： Turbomachinery

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Dynamic Pooling for the Combination of Forecasts generated using Multi Level Learning

Dynamic Pooling for the Combination of Forecasts generated u...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Silvia Riedel Bogdan Gabrys Lufthansa Systems Berlin GmbH Berlin Germany Computational Intelligence Research Group School of Design Engineering & Computing Bournemouth University Poole UK

In this paper we provide experimental results and extensions to our previous theoretical findings concerning the combination of forecasts that have been diversified by three different methods: with parameters learned at different data aggregation levels, by thick modeling and by the use of different forecasting methods. An approach of error variance based pooling as proposed by Aiolfi and Timmermann has been compared with flat combinations as well as an alternative pooling approach in which we consider information about the used diversification. An advantage of our approach is that it leads to the generation of novel multi step multi level forecast generation structures that carry out the combination in different steps of pooling corresponding to the different types of diversification. We describe different evolutionary approaches in order to evolve the order of pooling of the diversification dimensions. Extensions of such evolutions allow the generation of more flexible multi level multi step combination structures containing better adaptive capabilities. We could prove a significant error reduction comparing results of our generated combination structures with results generated with the algorithm of Aiolfi and Timmermann as well as with flat combination for the application of Revenue Management seasonal forecasting.

关键词： Covariance matrix Predictive models Neural networks Estimation error Analysis of variance Risk analysis Computational intelligence design engineering Knowledge engineering Costs

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Digital phoenix project: A multidimensional journey through time

Digital phoenix project: A multidimensional journey through ...

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10th International Conference on Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management, CUPUM 2007

作者： Guhathakurta, S. Kobayashi, Y. Patel, M. Holston, J. Lant, T. Crittenden, J. Li, K. Konjevod, G. Date, K. School of Planning College of Design Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-2005 United States School of Architecture + Landscape Architecture College of Design Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-1605 United States Department of Visual Communication Design College of Design Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-2105 United States Herberger Center College of Design Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-1905 United States Decision Theatre Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-8409 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-5306 United States School of Computing and Informatics Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-8809 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9788585205775

The Digital Phoenix project is a multiyear project aimed at developing a realistic digital representation of the Phoenix metropolitan area through space and time that can be experienced in Arizona State University's Decision Theater. A significant objective of this project is to create an environment for querying, researching, and visualizing critical issues confronting a rapidly urbanizing area about urban sustainability. By creating a multidimensional virtual model of Phoenix from a variety of data sources, we can visualize patterns of growth and development, as well as their consequences emerging across the continuums of space and time. The modeling of future environments will enable the assessment of policy scenarios and guide desired future urban-environmental patterns. A digitally constructed model of the city will also allow us to discover what Phoenix could have been like, starting with historical data as the basis for projecting to the present and into the future.

关键词： Sustainable development

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GRIDCC: A real-time grid workflow system with QoS

GRIDCC: A real-time grid workflow system with QoS

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作者： McGough, A. Stephen Akram, Asif Guo, Li Krznaric, Marko Dickens, Luke Colling, David Martyniak, Janusz Powell, Roger Kyberd, Paul Huang, Chenxi Kotsokalis, Constantinos Tsanakas, Panayiotis London E-Science Centre Imperial College London London United Kingdom High Energy Physics Group Imperial College London London United Kingdom Brunel University School of Engineering and Design Uxbridge United Kingdom Computing Systems Laboratory National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece

The over-arching aim of Grid computing is to move computational resources from individual institutions where they can only be used for in-house work, to a more open vision of vast online ubiquitous 'virtual computational' resources which support individuals and collaborative projects. A major step towards realizing this vision is the provision of instrumentation - such as telescopes, accelerators or electrical power stations - as Grid resources, and the tools to manage these resources online. The GRIDCC project attempts to satisfy these requirements by providing the following four co-dependent components;a flexible wrapper for publishing instruments as Grid resources;workflow support for the orchestration of multiple Grid resources in a timely manner;the machinery to make reservation agreements on Grid resources;and the facility to satisfy quality of service (QoS) requirements on elements within workflows. In this paper we detail the set of services developed as part of the GRIDCC project to provide the last three of these components. We provide a detailed architecture for these services along with experimental results from load testing experiments. These services are currently deployed as a test-bed at a number of institutions across Europe, and are poised to provide a 'virtual lab' to production level applications. © 2007 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Grid computing

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An Iterative Refinement Technique for Side Information Generation in DVC

An Iterative Refinement Technique for Side Information Gener...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： W.A.R.J. Weerakkody W.A.C. Fernando J.L. Martinez P. Cuenca F. Quiles Electronics and Computing Engineering School of Engineering and Design Brunei University Uxbridge UK Instituto de Investigación en Informática University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain

Distributed video coding (DVC) is an increasingly popular approach among the researchers in video coding during past few years due to its attractive and promising features. In DVC, the majority of the computational complexity has been shifted from encoder to the decoder in comparison to its conventional counterparts, including MPEG and H.26 x enabling a dramatically low cost encoder implementation. Side information generation, carried out at the decoder, is a major function in the DVC coding algorithm and plays a key-role in determining the performance of the codec. In this paper, a novel iterative refinement technique is proposed for the side information generation process. Simulation results of the proposed technique depict a consistent improvement in performance in comparison to the state-of-the-art in pixel domain DVC.

关键词： Video coding Video compression Streaming media Codecs design engineering Costs Iterative decoding Iterative algorithms ISO standards IEC standards

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MAP decoder design for Distributed Video Coding in error prone wireless channels

MAP decoder design for Distributed Video Coding in error pro...

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International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems, ICIIS

In this paper MAP (maximum a posteriori) algorithm in the turbo decoder has been modified to use with the distributed video coding (DVC) decoder, when the parity bit stream is transmitted over a noisy/fading channel. The proposed modification allows independent probability distributions for the systematic and parity components at the input to the turbo decoder. The designed MAP decoder has been tested with an AWGN and with a WCDMA channel.

关键词： Decoding Video coding AWGN Streaming media Additive white noise Gaussian noise Fading Probability distribution Testing Multiaccess communication

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Gesture recognition for control of rehabilitation robots

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Cognition, Technology and Work 2007年第4期9卷 189-207页

作者： Gerlich, L. Parsons, B.N. White, A.S. Prior, S. Warner, P. School of Engineering Systems Middlesex University Hendon London NW4 4BT United Kingdom Becrypt Ltd. Swallowfield Berkshire RG7 1WY Wyrols Court United Kingdom School of Computing Science Middlesex University Hendon London NW4 4BT United Kingdom Product Design and Engineering Middlesex University London N14 4YZ Trent Park Bramley Rd United Kingdom

This paper describes the development of a control user interface for a wheelchair-mounted manipulator for use by severely disabled persons. It explains the construction of the interface using tasks to define the user interface architecture. The prototype robot used several gesture recognition systems to achieve a level of usability better than other robots used for rehabilitation at the time. The use of neural networks and other procedures is evaluated. It outlines the experiments used to evaluate the user responses and draws conclusions about the effectiveness of the whole system. It demonstrates the possibility of control using a head mouse. © 2007 Springer-Verlag London Limited.

关键词： Gesture recognition Neural networks Rehabilitation robotics User interface

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Reducing Spatial Data Complexity for Classification Models

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2007年第1期963卷 603-613页

作者： Dymitr Ruta Bogdan Gabrys aBritish Telecom Group CTO Adastral Park Orion MLB 1 PP12 Martlesham Heath IP5 3RE UK bBournemouth University School of Design Engineering & Computing Poole House Talbot Campus Fern Barrow Poole Dorset BH12 5BB UK

Intelligent data analytics gradually becomes a day‐to‐day reality of today's businesses. However, despite rapidly increasing storage and computational power current state‐of‐the‐art predictive models still can not handle massive and noisy corporate data warehouses. What is more adaptive and real‐time operational environment requires multiple models to be frequently retrained which further hinders their use. Various data reduction techniques ranging from data sampling up to density retention models attempt to address this challenge by capturing a summarised data structure, yet they either do not account for labelled data or degrade the classification performance of the model trained on the condensed dataset. Our response is a proposition of a new general framework for reducing the complexity of labelled data by means of controlled spatial redistribution of class densities in the input space. On the example of Parzen Labelled Data Compressor (PLDC) we demonstrate a simulatory data condensation process directly inspired by the electrostatic field interaction where the data are moved and merged following the attracting and repelling interactions with the other labelled data. The process is controlled by the class density function built on the original data that acts as a class‐sensitive potential field ensuring preservation of the original class density distributions, yet allowing data to rearrange and merge joining together their soft class partitions. As a result we achieved a model that reduces the labelled datasets much further than any competitive approaches yet with the maximum retention of the original class densities and hence the classification performance. PLDC leaves the reduced dataset with the soft accumulative class weights allowing for efficient online updates and as shown in a series of experiments if coupled with Parzen Density Classifier (PDC) significantly outperforms competitive data condensation methods in terms of classification performance at the

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Yield enhancements of design-specific FPGAs 06

Yield enhancements of design-specific FPGAs

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14th ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field Programmable Gate Arrays - FPGA 2006

作者： Campregher, Nicola Cheung, Peter Y. K. Constantinides, George A. Vasilko, Milan Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London United Kingdom School of Design Engineering and Computing Bournemouth University United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)1595932925

The high unit cost of FPGA devices often deters their use beyond the prototyping stage. Efforts have been made to reduce the part-cost of FPGA devices, resulting in the development of design-Specific FPGAs. These parts offer cost reductions by limiting manufacturing tests and improving the number of working devices in a wafer. This paper addresses the issue of yield enhancement in design-Specific FPGAs. In this paper, an analytical model predicting the probability of mapping a specific design onto potentially defective FPGAs is developed. When combined with existing yield modelling techniques, a quantitative measure of the potential yield improvements of the design-Specific FPGA approach is reported for current and future technology nodes. It is found that this approach, while beneficial with current manufacturing technology, may not be suitable for 22nm technology or beyond. Copyright 2006 ACM.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays

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