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Super-resolution reconstruction of off-axis digital holography based on Real-ESRGAN

Applied Optics 2025年第9期64卷 2245-2254页

作者： Chen, Geng Chen, Jie Liao, Houzhang Liu, Keke Tang, Xin Kong, Yong School of Electric and Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai201620 China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

Off-axis digital holography plays a crucial role in high-precision three-dimensional imaging. However, high-resolution phase images are often affected by the limited pixel size of the sensor. To address this issue, this study proposes, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the application of Real-ESRGAN for the super-resolution reconstruction of off-axis digital holography images. By directly applying super-resolution processing to the hologram, the limitations of the sensor's pixel size are overcome, followed by phase reconstruction to obtain high-resolution phase images. The Real-ESRGAN model enhances the texture information of the hologram through a deep network with multiple residual-in-residual dense blocks (RRDBs), restoring a clearer hologram. A U-Net architecture with spectral normalization, offering stronger discriminative capability, is used to provide detailed per-pixel feedback for the generator. The experimental results demonstrate that this method can be applied to multi-scale holograms, outperforming comparison networks in both visual quality and quantitative metrics, thus providing an innovative solution for the super-resolution reconstruction of off-axis digital holography. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Holograms

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Adversarial multi-image steganography via texture evaluation and multi-scale image enhancement

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第9期84卷 5793-5823页

作者： Li, Fengyong Li, Longwei Zeng, Yishu Yu, Jiang Qin, Chuan College of Computer Science and Technology Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai201306 China School of Information and Computer Shanghai Business School Shanghai201400 China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200092 China

Multi-image steganography refers to a data-hiding scheme where a user tries to hide confidential messages within multiple images. Different from the traditional steganography which only requires the security of an individual image, multi-image steganography considers an overall security for a batch of images. However, existing multi-image steganography all faces a nontrivial problem: how to optimally allocate payload into multiple images to guarantee the security of batch images. To address this problem, this paper proposes an adversarial multi-image steganographic scheme. A multi-scale texture evaluation mechanism is firstly calculated to determine the embeddable cover images. Subsequently, a series of multi-scale filters are introduced to enhance the image content, which can be used to guide the optimal payload assignment of each image. Furthermore, an adversarial embedding mechanism is designed by dynamically adjusting the random gradient mapping of batch images, and finally achieving secure multi-image steganography. Our proposed scheme can optimize the overall steganographic security performance of multiple images, while ensuring the anti-steganalysis capability of a single image. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our scheme can achieve superior performance for multi-image steganography over different large-scale image sets, and outperforms state-of-the art schemes in terms of both single-image and multi-image anti-steganalysis capability. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Embeddings

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A comprehensive framework for decoding salty taste information from electroencephalography signals:distinguishing brain reactions to saltiness of comparable intensity

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Food science and Human Wellness 2025年第4期14卷 1538-1545页

作者： Jingjing Liu Yifei Xu Xingwang Lian Tianming Liu Haohao Ning Xi Jiang Shixin Yu Shikun Liu Lu Huang Xiaojun Sun Jiangyong Li Dongfu Xu School of Automation Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132012China Department of Computer Science the University of GeorgiaAthens 30602USA School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

The perception of salty taste is crucial for individuals to make healthy food ***,the brain electrophysiological signals underlying salty taste perception have been poorly *** this study,electroencephalography(EEG)was used to record brain activity induced by Na Cl solution as a salty taste stimulus.A combination of a custom delivery device and stimulation paradigm was employed to preserve the salty taste signal clearly.A stimulus-response capture method was proposed that could adapt to individual differences in brain responses to salty taste and accurately segment salty taste response *** this method to the EEG processing workflow can form a complete data processing *** results showed that the neural response induced by salty taste reached a high activity level in the initial stage within a short period(0.2 s),and there was a sustained periodic response within 0.75 s after the ***,the salty taste information in the EEG signal was decoded,and discrimination of 2 similar concentrations of salty taste solutions was achieved far above the chance level(average identification rate:89.66%).This study demonstrated experimental paradigms and research methods for understanding salty taste perception,which could provide references for research on other basic tastes.

关键词： Saltiness Salty perception Electroencephalography Stimulus paradigm

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Chirality-induced strong coupling of leaky guided modes in a dielectric metasurface waveguide governed by symmetry breaking

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Optics Express 2025年第8期33卷 16952-16964页

作者： Fei, Wu Bi, Chengchen Chen, Long Jiang, Xiaoyun Yu, Youlong Chen, Yang Zhan, Qiwen Hu, Jigang Department of Optical Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology Anhui Hefei230009 China School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronic Engineering Hefei University of Technology Anhui Hefei230009 China Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China School of Optical-Electric and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

Coherent coupling between optical modes plays a vital role in manipulating the light field and its interaction with matter. Here, we investigate the chirality-induced strong coupling between leaky guided modes (GMs) with orthogonal polarizations in a chiral metasurface waveguide in the near-infrared frequencies, which consists of a square lattice of Ge dimers with broken symmetry and an underlying Si3N4 waveguide layer deposited on a silica substrate. We find that mode coupling between two orthogonal GMs can be induced by introducing chirality to the metasurface waveguide when illuminated with circularly polarized light. The coupling strength can be manipulated from the weak to strong coupling regime by simply changing the rotation angle of nanorods in the metasurface, enabling the generation of an exceptional point (EP) and large Rabi splitting (∼ 2 meV). Moreover, the polarization state of the hybrid mode can be continuously modified from linear to circular polarization via strong coupling. More intriguingly, we reveal that mode coupling is associated with the hybridization of circular dichroism (CD) of leaky GMs in the chiral coupled system, rendering a dual-band high CD response with a linewidth of 0.18 nm. Our findings indicate the possibility of manipulating the coupling of high-Q guided modes with chiral nanostructures by symmetry breaking and suggest potential applications in efficient chiral sensing, polarization detection, multimodal chiral lasing, and nonlinear optics. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Dichroism

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Machine learning assisted screening of binary alloys for metal-based anode materials

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第5期104卷 62-68页

作者： Xingyue Shi Linming Zhou Yuhui Huang Chaohui Wu Yongjun Wu Juan Li Zijian Hong State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Solid State Energy Storage Technology and Applications Research Institute of Zhejiang University-Taizhou Inner Mongolia Electric Power Economic and Technological Research Institute Institute of Fundamental and Transdisciplinary Research Zhejiang University College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology School of Engineering Hangzhou City University

Metal alloy anode materials with high specific capacity and low voltage have recently gained significant attention due to their excellent electrochemical performance and the ability to suppress dendrite ***, experimental investigations of metal alloys can be time-consuming and expensive, often requiring extensive experimental design and effort. In this study, we developed a machine learning model based on the Crystal Graph Convolutional Neural Network(CGCNN) to screen alloy anode materials for seven battery systems, including lithium(Li), sodium(Na), potassium(K), zinc(Zn), magnesium(Mg), calcium(Ca), and aluminum(Al). We utilized data with tens of thousands of alloy materials from the Materials Project(MP) and Automatic FLOW for Materials Discovery(AFLOW) databases. Without any experimental voltage input, we identified over 30 alloy systems that have been experimentally validated with good precision. Additionally, we predicted over 100 alloy anodes with low potential and high specific capacity. We hope this work to spur further interest in employing advanced machine learning models for the design of battery materials.

关键词： Alloy anodes CGCNN Machine learning Metal-based batteries

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Automobile Entry System Based on Face Recognition

Journal of Network Intelligence

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Journal of Network Intelligence 2025年第1期10卷 573-585页

作者： Fang, Weidong Yu, Zuoxi Pan, Jeng-Shyang School of Electronic Electrical Engineering and Physics Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Automotive Electronics and Electric Drive Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou350118 China College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao266590 China Chaoyang University of Technology Taichung413310 Taiwan

With the development of technology, the automobile has become an indispensable part of people’s daily lives. People’s needs for automobile entry systems have also changed, in automobile safety and ease of use have become more and more important. In recent years, face recognition technology has made significant progress, and face recognition technology has been widely used in various fields, especially face recognition based on deep learning has great advantages in accuracy, recognition speed, and security, and can provide a more secure and reliable way of identity verification. Traditional automobile entry systems usually use mechanical keys and remote control keys, which do not remove the key and have certain shortcomings in security and user experience. Face recognition-based car entry systems can make up for these shortcomings and provide a more convenient and intuitive user experience. Combining face recognition with automobiles is also a hot topic in current scientific research. In this paper, a set of automobile entry systems with high efficiency and security is designed according to the face recognition method research, using three deep learning models: face detection, live body detection, and face recognition. In face detection, the RetinaFace lightweight model is used the network structure is improved, and the detection speed is increased by 14.9%. For face live detection and face recognition, the MobileFaceNet lightweight network is used as the base network for live detection and face recognition, achieving a 98.9% accuracy rate on the CelebA Spoof live detection dataset. In face recognition, feature extraction is performed on the detected faces after face detection, and the recognition results are output by comparing with the recorded faces. Improvements to its network improved the recognition accuracy by 0.18%, 0.77%, and 0.73% on the LFW, CFP FP, and AgeDB30 datasets, respectively. The model was deployed on Raspberry Pi and connected to CANoe via CAN bu

关键词： Face recognition

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Adaptive Fixed-Time Command Filtered Tracking Control for Parametric Nonlinear Systems With Unknown Nonlinear Control Coefficient and Unknown Disturbances

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 37839-37849页

作者： Zhang, Xiyu Zhou, Youjun Feng, Chun Deng, Xiongfeng Guangxi Science and Technology Normal University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Laibin546199 China Guang’an Institute of Technology School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Guang’an638550 China Anhui Polytechnic University Key Laboratory of Electric Drive and Control Anhui Higher Education Institute Wuhu241000 China

This paper addresses the issue of adaptive fixed-time tracking control (FTTC) for a category of parametric nonlinear systems characterized by unknown nonlinear control coefficient (UNCC) and unknown external disturbances (UEDs). To effectively handle unknown parameters and unknown disturbances, the adaptive parameter estimation method is introduced into the control law design. Meanwhile, some parameter adaptive laws are presented to estimate these unknown parameters. To eliminate repeated differentiation of virtual control laws, a class of nonlinear command filters is introduced. Furthermore, the filtering errors are compensated through the designed adaptive compensation control laws. Subsequently, the Nussbaum gain function technique is further used to deal with the UNCC in the system. Leveraging command-filtering backstepping control (BC) and fixed-time control method, an adaptive command filtered FTTC law is final presented to achieve the fixed time tracking. The theoretical analysis results indicate that the designed control law guarantees the convergence of tracking error to a small neighborhood of zero within a fixed time, while ensuring that all signals within the closed-loop system remain bounded. The proposed control law’s effectiveness is demonstrated through three simulation examples. © 2025 The Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

关键词： Backstepping

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An Ultrahigh-Linearity MOEMS Accelerometer Based on a Self-Traceable Grating Interferometer

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第9期25卷 15914-15922页

作者： Chang, Zhikun Song, Song Niu, Pengfei Xiao, Guangxu Lin, Zichao He, Chunling Deng, Xiao Xue, Dongbai Xie, Yuying Cheng, Xinbin Li, Tongbao Institute of Precision Optical Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Full-Spectrum and High-Performance Optical Thin Film Devices and Applications School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University School of Physics Science and Engineering Shanghai200092 China Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou310018 China Tianjin University State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Tianjin300072 China

The linearity of the accelerometer directly affects its measurement accuracy and applicability, making it a key metric in the development of high-performance accelerometers. In response, this article proposes an ultrahigh-linearity MOEMS accelerometer based on a self-traceable grating (STG) interferometer. The accelerometer integrates an MEMS resonator with an STG interferometer based on chromium (Cr) atom transition frequency 7S3 → 7P4, enabling direct traceability of displacement to the International System of Units (SI) "meter." Specifically, the average pitch of the Cr grating used is (212.781 ± 0.008) nm ( k = 2 ), showing outstanding uniformity and long-term stability. Furthermore, the compact interferometer design gives it an overall size of just 7.5 × 7.5 × 2 cm, facilitating portable measurements in practical applications. Experimental results show that the accelerometer achieves ultrahigh performance with a nonlinearity of 0.04%. The device also demonstrates a sensitivity of 13.77 μm/g within a measurement range of ±1.6 g, with a noise floor of 9.6 × 10-7 g/√Hz. The integration of STG technology with the MEMS resonator offers a scalable solution for high precision, field-deployable accelerometer measurements, greatly improving measurement linearity and traceability. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Accelerometers

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MTOClus: Multi-Type Objects Clustering in Heterogeneous Information Networks 3

MTOClus: Multi-Type Objects Clustering in Heterogeneous Info...

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3rd International Conference on Communications, Information System, and Data science, CISDS 2024

作者： Liang, Yongjie Hu, Wujie Wu, Junjie Wu, Jinzhao School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin China School of Electric Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China Guilin University of Aerospace Technology Guilin China

ISBN: (数字)9781510688322

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688315

Clustering is crucial for analyzing heterogeneous information networks (HINs). Mainly state-of-the-art algorithms often focus on single-type node clustering, overlooking the clustering of multiple node types and requiring manual setting of cutoff distances and clustering centers. This paper introduces a clustering algorithm integrating multi-type objects, named MTOClus, which generates multiple similarity matrices for different node types and assigns weights to each matrix to indicate their significance. By aggregating weighted similarity matrices, it creates a distance matrix. MTOClus automates cluster center selection through node sorting and mitigates the impact of outliers by utilizing the K-Nearest Neighbors approach to compute the cutoff distance. Experimental results across four datasets consistently show that MTOClus outperforms six other algorithms, underscoring its superior clustering efficacy. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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A Novel Consensus Mechanism Based on Dynamic Sharding 20th

A Novel Consensus Mechanism Based on Dynamic Sharding

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20th IFIP WG 10.3 International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, NPC 2024

作者： Zhang, Jingyu Teng, Yilong Sun, Yongtao Zhu, Shi Yang, Fangliao Luo, Lailong School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha China Science and Technology on Information Systems Engineering Laboratory School of Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Data Operations Center State Grid Hunan Electric Power Information and Communication Corporation Hunan Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819628292

Blockchain, as an emerging technology, has been widely studied by the researchers from academia and industry. Alliance chain, as an important form of blockchain, is often applied to smart grids, smart city and the Internet of Things to ensure the authenticity and reliability of data. Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm is a key technology to ensure data consistency in the alliance chains, and it plays a critical role in improving system performance, security and scalability. However, with the increase of the number of nodes and transactions, the ability of PBFT to process transactions is challenged. In particular, PBFT’s linear transaction processing also limits its ability to process transactions in parallel. In view of the problems existing in PBFT, this paper studies the consensus mechanism optimization, and puts forward a consensus mechanism with better performance. In this paper, in order to solve the problem of weak parallel transaction processing capability of PBFT, we propose a novel Consensus Mechanism based on Dynamic Sharding (CMDS). CMDS firstly constructs a dynamic fragmentation model based on consistent hash algorithm to segment nodes, and then constructs a voting consensus mechanism based on reputation weight to achieve global state consistency. The experimental results show that CMDS can significantly improve the ability of parallel transaction processing and the performance of blockchain system. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2025.

关键词： Blockchain

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