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Enhanced Acceleration for Generalized Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Learning

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 98-113页

作者： Hengmin Zhang Jian Yang Wenli Du Bob Zhang Zhiyuan Zha Bihan Wen School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau

Matrix minimization techniques that employ the nuclear norm have gained recognition for their applicability in tasks like image inpainting, clustering, classification, and reconstruction. However, they come with inherent biases and computational burdens, especially when used to relax the rank function, making them less effective and efficient in real-world scenarios. To address these challenges, our research focuses on generalized nonconvex rank regularization problems in robust matrix completion, low-rank representation, and robust matrix regression. We introduce innovative approaches for effective and efficient low-rank matrix learning, grounded in generalized nonconvex rank relaxations inspired by various substitutes for the ?0-norm relaxed functions. These relaxations allow us to more accurately capture low-rank structures. Our optimization strategy employs a nonconvex and multi-variable alternating direction method of multipliers, backed by rigorous theoretical analysis for complexity and *** algorithm iteratively updates blocks of variables, ensuring efficient convergence. Additionally, we incorporate the randomized singular value decomposition technique and/or other acceleration strategies to enhance the computational efficiency of our approach, particularly for large-scale constrained minimization problems. In conclusion, our experimental results across a variety of image vision-related application tasks unequivocally demonstrate the superiority of our proposed methodologies in terms of both efficacy and efficiency when compared to most other related learning methods.

关键词： Learning systems Image recognition Minimization Computational efficiency Complexity theory Matrix decomposition Optimization Image reconstruction Singular value decomposition Convergence

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Intelligent integrated sensing and communication:a survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 5-46页

作者： Jifa ZHANG Weidang LU Chengwen XING Nan ZHAO Naofal AL-DHAHIR George K.KARAGIANNIDIS Xiaoniu YANG School of Information and Communication Engineering Dalian University of Technology College of Information Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Dallas Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising technique to increase spectral efficiency and support various emerging applications by sharing the spectrum and hardware between these functionalities. However, the traditional ISAC schemes are highly dependent on the accurate mathematical model and suffer from the challenges of high complexity and poor performance in practical scenarios. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a viable technique to address these issues due to its powerful learning capabilities, satisfactory generalization capability, fast inference speed, and high adaptability for dynamic environments, facilitating a system design shift from model-driven to data-driven. Intelligent ISAC, which integrates AI into ISAC, has been a hot topic that has attracted many researchers to investigate. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of intelligent ISAC, including its motivation, typical applications, recent trends, and challenges. In particular, we first introduce the basic principle of ISAC, followed by its key techniques. Then, an overview of AI and a comparison between model-based and AI-based methods for ISAC are provided. Furthermore, the typical applications of AI in ISAC and the recent trends for AI-enabled ISAC are reviewed. Finally, the future research issues and challenges of intelligent ISAC are discussed.

关键词： artificial intelligence deep learning deep reinforcement learning federated learning generative artificial intelligence integrated sensing and communication machine learning transfer learning

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Robust Transmission Design for Federated Learning Through Over-the-Air Computation

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China Communications 2025年第3期22卷 65-75页

作者： Hamideh Zamanpour Abyaneh Saba Asaad Amir Masoud Rabiei School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science York UniversityCanada

Over-the-air computation(AirComp)enables federated learning(FL)to rapidly aggregate local models at the central server using waveform superposition property of wireless *** this paper,a robust transmission scheme for an AirCompbased FL system with imperfect channel state information(CSI)is *** model CSI uncertainty,an expectation-based error model is *** main objective is to maximize the number of selected devices that meet mean-squared error(MSE)requirements for model broadcast and model *** problem is formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem and is solved in two ***,the priority order of devices is determined by a sparsity-inducing ***,a feasibility detection scheme is used to select the maximum number of devices to guarantee that the MSE requirements are *** alternating optimization(AO)scheme is used to transform the resulting nonconvex problem into two convex *** results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed scheme.

关键词： federated learning imperfect CSI optimization over-the-air computing robust design

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Design of a Low-Cost Printed Slotted SIW Antenna Array with Omnidirectional Azimuth Pattern and Beam-Shaped Elevation Pattern

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 2025年 152卷 1-12页

作者： Pasetto, Tadeu P. Hernandez-Figueroa, Hugo E. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas Brazil

This paper presents the design, discussions, and characterization of a low-cost printed slotted substrate integrated waveguide traveling wave antenna. The antenna exhibits an omnidirectional pattern in the azimuth plane and a cosecant squared pattern in the elevation plane. This synthesized pattern enables application in 5G mm-wave systems by providing a defined signal equipotential region, thereby increasing coverage areas in locations such as stadiums, exhibition centers, arenas, and parks. Additionally, the proposed design method facilitates the easy implementation of new designs tailored to specific installation sites. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Omnidirectional antennas

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Price-based Demand Response Supported Three-stage Hierarchically Coordinated Voltage Control for Microgrids

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2025年第1期13卷 338-350页

作者： Bo Wang Cuo Zhang Xingying Chen Yan Xu Kun Yu Haochen Hua Zhao Yang Dong School of Electrical and Power Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Center for Power Engineering(CPE) School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Photovoltaic(PV)inverter,as a promising voltage/var control(VVC)resource,can supply flexible reactive power to reduce microgrid power loss and regulate bus ***,active power plays a significant role in microgrid voltage ***-based demand response(PBDR)can shift load demand via determining time-varying prices,which can be regarded as an effective means for active power ***,due to the different characteristics,PBDR and inverter-based VVC lack systematic ***,this paper proposes a PBDR-supported three-stage hierarchically coordinated voltage control method,including day-ahead PBDR price scheduling,hour-ahead reactive power dispatch of PV inverters,and realtime local droop control of PV *** their mutual influence,a stochastic optimization method is utilized to centrally or hierarchically coordinate adjacent two *** solve the bilinear constraints of droop control function,the problem is reformulated into a second-order cone programming relaxation ***,the concave constraints are convexified,forming a penalty convex-concave model for feasible solution ***,a convex-concave procedure-based solution algorithm is proposed to iteratively solve the penalty *** proposed method is tested on 33-bus and IEEE 123-bus distribution networks and compared with other *** results verify the high efficiency of the proposed method to achieve power loss reduction and voltage regulation.

关键词： Photovoltaic inverter voltage control demand response convex-concave procedure second-order cone programming relaxation

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A Density-Based Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Using Multi-Representatives Points Per Cluster Based on a New Distance Measure Using KNN Algorithm

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International Journal of engineering, Transactions B: Applications 2025年第12期38卷 2865-2876页

作者： Klidbary, S. Haghzad Javadian, M. Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Zanjan Zanjan Iran School of Electrical Engineering Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran

In analyzing phenomena around us, clustering is among the most commonly used techniques in machine learning for comparing, and categorizing them into different groups based on intrinsic features. One of the main challenges facing clustering algorithms is selecting a suitable representative for each cluster. Existing algorithms often choose a single representative, which can lead to suboptimal performance on many datasets (especially asymmetric datasets). This process is completely dependent on the type of internal distribution of the clusters, and that single point may not be a suitable representative for that cluster. The proposed algorithm for dealing with datasets, inspired by the fuzzy ALM method and avoiding complex formulas, and calculations, initially breaks the system down into simpler (two-dimensional) systems. After spreading ink drops, by finding the vertical Narrow path and the horizontal narrow path, it selects a set of points as the representation of each cluster. The proposed algorithm, unlike many conventional algorithms, provides a representative set for each cluster and also enhances the algorithm's performance in dealing with datasets that have an asymmetric structure by introducing a new distance measure based on the KNN method and utilizing the set of prime numbers. The Accuracy, F1-Score, and AMI achieved when working with many low-dimensional, and high-dimensional datasets has been higher compared to algorithms such as FUALM, HiDUALM, K-Means, DBSCAN, DENCLUE and IRFLLRR and in some cases, the achieved accuracy has been equal to 100 percent. ©2025 The author(s)

关键词： K-means clustering

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Derandomizing Codes for the Adversarial Wiretap Channel of Type II

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IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2025年第6期71卷 4686-4707页

作者： Ruzomberka, Eric Nikbakht, Homa Brinton, Christopher G. Love, David J. Poor, H. Vincent Air Force Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Princeton University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Purdue University Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering West Lafayette United States

The adversarial wiretap channel of type II (AWTC-II) is a communication channel that can a) read a fraction of the transmitted symbols up to a given bound and b) induce both errors and erasures in a fraction of the symbols up to given bounds. The channel is controlled by an adversary who can freely choose the locations of the symbol reads, errors and erasures via a process with unbounded computational power. The AWTC-II is an extension of Ozarow’s and Wyner’s wiretap channel of type II to the adversarial channel setting. The semantic-secrecy (SS) capacity of the AWTC-II is partially known, where the best-known lower bound is non-constructive and proven via a random coding argument that uses a large number (that is, exponential in blocklength n) of random bits to describe the random code. In this work, we establish a new derandomization result in which we match the best-known lower bound via a non-constructive random code that uses only O(n2) random bits. Unlike fully random codes, our derandomized code admits an efficient encoding algorithm and benefits from some linear structure. Our derandomization result is a novel application of random pseudolinear codes – a class of non-linear codes first proposed for applications outside the AWTC-II setting, which have k-wise independent codewords where k is a design parameter. As the key technical tool in our analysis, we provide a novel concentration inequality for sums of random variables with limited independence, as well as a soft-covering lemma similar to that of Goldfeld, Cuff and Permuter that holds for random codes with k-wise independent codewords. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Signal encoding

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Optimal Design of a Planning and Contracting Framework to Enable Vehicle to Building and Grid Services via Demand Response

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IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification 2025年第3期11卷 7542-7556页

作者： Elsayed, Ahmed Abd Elaziz Saxena, Shivam Farag, Hany E. Z. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Lassonde School of Engineering York University Keele Campus Toronto ON Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Brunswick Fredericton NB Canada

Bidirectional electric vehicle (EV) charging enables stored energy to reduce peak loads for buildings (V2B) and the grid (V2G). However, building owners investing in V2B infrastructure while generating revenue from V2G services face challenges in planning and coordinating with EV owners due to uncertainties in their schedules and profit-sharing expectations. Additionally, misaligned building and grid peak times can create conflicts between V2B and V2G goals, which may negatively impact the building electricity bill. Unlike previous studies that used a contract-free approach for aggregating V2B and V2G, resulting in inconsistent participation, this paper proposes a novel planning and contracting framework that enables building owner to determine the optimal contract parameters with EV owners. These parameters include minimum participation time in DR events, minimum arrival State of Charge (SoC), and permitted emergency departure hours. The framework supports V2B aggregation with on-site distributed energy resources for DR and V2G services, ensuring transparency and fairness through shared profits and performance-based penalties, while compensating building electricity bills due to V2G activities. The framework is composed of a tri-stage optimization process that uses Monte Carlo Simulations to generate EV owner profit assessments, select optimal EV candidates based on charger availability, estimate contract parameters with profit/penalty sharing, and assign contracts between power system operators, building owners, and EV owners under multiple virtual scenarios. Simulation results validate the contract parameter assessment and its performance via a three day case study with real-world data sets that demonstrates net revenue generation of $209 for each EV owner and $950 for building owners during DR events with a Return on Investment (ROI) of 134.5% 130.7% for the EVs and Building owners, respectively. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicle-to-grid

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Super-resolution reconstruction of off-axis digital holography based on Real-ESRGAN

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Applied Optics 2025年第9期64卷 2245-2254页

作者： Chen, Geng Chen, Jie Liao, Houzhang Liu, Keke Tang, Xin Kong, Yong School of Electric and Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai201620 China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

Off-axis digital holography plays a crucial role in high-precision three-dimensional imaging. However, high-resolution phase images are often affected by the limited pixel size of the sensor. To address this issue, this study proposes, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the application of Real-ESRGAN for the super-resolution reconstruction of off-axis digital holography images. By directly applying super-resolution processing to the hologram, the limitations of the sensor's pixel size are overcome, followed by phase reconstruction to obtain high-resolution phase images. The Real-ESRGAN model enhances the texture information of the hologram through a deep network with multiple residual-in-residual dense blocks (RRDBs), restoring a clearer hologram. A U-Net architecture with spectral normalization, offering stronger discriminative capability, is used to provide detailed per-pixel feedback for the generator. The experimental results demonstrate that this method can be applied to multi-scale holograms, outperforming comparison networks in both visual quality and quantitative metrics, thus providing an innovative solution for the super-resolution reconstruction of off-axis digital holography. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Holograms

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Real-time holographic camera for obtaining real 3D scene hologram

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Light(Science & Applications) 2025年第3期14卷 789-799页

作者： Zhao-Song Li Chao Liu Xiao-Wei Li Yi Zheng Qian Huang Yi-Wei Zheng Ye-Hao Hou Chen-Liang Chang Da-Wei Zhang Song-Lin Zhuang Di Wang Qiong-Hua Wang School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

As a frontier technology,holography has important research values in fields such as bio-micrographic imaging,light feld modulation and data ***,the real-time acquisition of 3D scenes and high-fidelity reconstruction technology has not yet made a breakthrough,which has seriously hindered the development of ***,a novel holographic camera is proposed to solve the above inherent problems *** proposed holographic camera consists of the acquisition end and the calculation *** the acquisition end of the holographic camera,specially configured liquid materials and liquid lens structure based on voice-coil motor-driving are used to produce the liquid camera,so that the liquid camera can quickly capture the focus stack of the real 3D scene within 15 *** the calculation end,a new structured focus stack network(FS-Net)is designed for hologram *** training the FS-Net with the focus stack renderer and learnable Zernike phase,it enables hologram calculation within 13 *** the first device to achieve real-time incoherent acquisition and high-fidelity holographic reconstruction of a real 3D scene,our proposed holographic camera breaks technical bottlenecks of difficulty in acquiring the real 3D scene,low quality of the holographic reconstructed image,and incorrect defocus *** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our holographic camera in the acquisition of focal plane information and hologram calculation of the real 3D *** proposed holographic camera opens up a new way for the application of holography in fields such as 3D display,light field modulation,and 3D measurement.

关键词： holographic camera feld modulation hologram calculation liquid lens structured focus stack network D scene reconstruction d scenes real time acquisition

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