As the United States tries to remain technologically competitive with other nations the demand for engineering professionals is expected to increase. Since the early 1990's, many K-12 engineering outreach programs...
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As the United States tries to remain technologically competitive with other nations the demand for engineering professionals is expected to increase. Since the early 1990's, many K-12 engineering outreach programs have been incorporated into middle schools either through high tech electives or in tandem with the State prescribed math and science curriculum with the intent of fostering student interest in science and engineering. In spite of both approaches the ratio of science and engineering degrees awarded annually to the college aged population in the U.S. is less than in other countries. Furthermore, the number of underrepresented minorities earning those degrees is 12% according to the National Action Council for Minorities in engineering, Inc. Some K-12 programs focus on mutual concepts that appear in both engineering and the physical sciences (engineeringscience) rather than design and problem solving (engineering design). It is no coincidence then that middle school students do not know what engineers are or what they do in practice. Hence, they do not choose engineering as a possible career choice. While the former has its merits with regard to enriching math and science education for students, the later is necessary for a true understanding of engineering as a profession. Here we examine changes in students' attitudes toward math and science, as well as their development of ideas about engineering after receiving instruction using both approaches - a science curriculum with integrated engineering concepts and applications;and through an engineering design and technology curriculum. Similar trends were observed in both groups. Specifically, we examine the responses from a 5th grade science class and both 6th and 8th grade robotics classes, who participated in the National science Foundation (NSF) sponsored GK-12 Program with Drexel University in Philadelphia, PA. In each class, a doctoral candidate in an engineering discipline developed and delivered lesso
Many brain events and disorders can be detected by analyzing electroencephalograms (EEGs). Also the availability of quantitative biological markers that are correlated with qualitative psychiatric phenotypes helps us ...
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Many brain events and disorders can be detected by analyzing electroencephalograms (EEGs). Also the availability of quantitative biological markers that are correlated with qualitative psychiatric phenotypes helps us to utilize automated methods to diagnose and classify these phenotypes. One such a psychiatric phenotype is alcoholism. In this study a method to select an optimal subset of EEG channels for the purpose of practical classification of alcohol abusers from normal subjects is proposed, which is based on combination of model-based spectral analysis and correlation matrices. The EEG signals were recorded when the subjects were represented with single trial visual stimuli. The proposed method proved successful in selecting an optimum number of channels which achieved acceptable average classification accuracy.
Aircraft arrival sequencing and scheduling (ASS) at airports, which is an NP-hard problem, is a major issue in daily air traffic control (ATC) operations. Much effort has been made to tackle this problem using genetic...
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Aircraft arrival sequencing and scheduling (ASS) at airports, which is an NP-hard problem, is a major issue in daily air traffic control (ATC) operations. Much effort has been made to tackle this problem using genetic algorithms (GAs) whose chromosomes are the permutation of the order of each aircraft in the arriving queues. This paper attempts to design an efficient GA whose chromosomes are constructed as the permutation of the categories of the arriving aircraft. The advantage of the resulting GA is the reduced encoding space so that the searching efficiency is promoted, which is very important for its real time application. The extensive comparative simulation study shows that this novel aircraft category based GA outperforms the aircraft order based GAs.
We report the hot carrier reliability (HCR) of 45-nm SOI CMOS technology. Body contacted devices are shown to be more reliable than floating-body devices. Two different body-contacting schemes are investigated (T-body...
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We report the hot carrier reliability (HCR) of 45-nm SOI CMOS technology. Body contacted devices are shown to be more reliable than floating-body devices. Two different body-contacting schemes are investigated (T-body and notched T- body). The effects of total dose irradiation on reliability are investigated. Body contacted devices are shown to be more tolerant to radiation than floating-body devices. Asymmetric halo doping devices show less hot carrier degradation than symmetric halo doping devices. In addition, we investigate the dependence of hot carrier reliability on the metal contact spacing of the Source/Drain (S/D) terminals, the PC-PC spacing, and the RF device performance trade-offs that result.
A recursive extension of Gath-Geva clustering algorithm is proposed in this paper which is used as a basis for online tuning and development of neuro-fuzzy models. In comparison with other online modeling approaches w...
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A recursive extension of Gath-Geva clustering algorithm is proposed in this paper which is used as a basis for online tuning and development of neuro-fuzzy models. In comparison with other online modeling approaches which use spherical clusters for defining validity region of neurons, the proposed evolving neuro-fuzzy model (ENFM) has the ability to take advantage of elliptical clusters. This extension increases the ability of local linear neurons of ENFM to capture system behavior in more sophisticated regions which leads to decrease in number of neurons as well as increase in the modeling ability. The proposed model is capable of adapting to changes in system behavior by adding new neurons or merging similar existing fuzzy rules. Efficiency of evolving neuro-fuzzy model is investigated in prediction of Mackey-Glass and smoothed sunspot number time series. Results of these simulations show better performance of the proposed model as compared with other online modeling approaches.
This paper presents two alternative methods for moving long baseline (MLBL) navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). In both methods 13-bit messages are broadcasted from transponders on the moving target s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424443321
This paper presents two alternative methods for moving long baseline (MLBL) navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). In both methods 13-bit messages are broadcasted from transponders on the moving target ship to the AUV. These messages provided both range and state information about the target ship. The first method uses an extended Kalman filter (EKF) based on a relative coordinate system fixed to a moving target ship. The second method uses two EKFs, one to estimate the state of the target ship, and a second to estimate the state of the AUV itself. Both methods performed similarly in simulation. Further simulations utilizing field test data showed the global approach to be more robust to the target ship dynamics and message broadcast timing cycle.
In the future, robots will use various robot H/W platforms and their services will be composed of S/W components. Accordingly, it needs a robot S/W platform that provides standardized components and interfaces for fas...
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In the future, robots will use various robot H/W platforms and their services will be composed of S/W components. Accordingly, it needs a robot S/W platform that provides standardized components and interfaces for fast robot development. OPRoS(Open Software Platform for Robotics Services) is a robot S/W platform that provides standardized components and interfaces. It uses the UPnP(Universal Plug and Play) as communication middleware. The UPnP is designed to bring easy-to-use, flexible, and standards-based connectivity to ad-hoc or unmanaged networks. We use UPnP eventing for push-style data transfer. But, the UPnP eventing has an inefficient factor for this. In this paper, we explain the reason and propose a single event mechanism to overcome the inefficiency.
This paper deals with the component sizing of a series hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Since the component sizes are interrelated with the power-train structures and power control algorithm, the optimal sizing cannot b...
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This paper deals with the component sizing of a series hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Since the component sizes are interrelated with the power-train structures and power control algorithm, the optimal sizing cannot be determined in a simple manner. Thus, in order to simplify the sizing problem for the HEV, this paper presents parametric design approaches which identifies the sizing effects with respect to control frequency changes of each component based on a low pass filtered power control algorithm. By using the functional simulation model with Matlab/Simulink, the proposed methods can easily and rapidly calculate the power and energy capacity of each component from the heuristic rules. The component size for designing the system is determined by a weighted cost function including the mass, volume and efficiency. This paper shows the design procedure of the proposed approaches for a 6×6 series hybrid electric armored wheeled vehicle.
The precollege program in the FREEDM researchcenter has completed its first year with 31 participants. The precollege outreach effort at the three ERC university partners is targeted at middle and high school teacher...
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