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57th Electronic Components and Technology Conference 2007, ECTC '07

作者： Lee, Baik-Woo Sundaram, Venky Wiedenman, Boyd Yoon, Chong K. Kripesh, Vaidyanathan Iyer, Mahadevan Tummala, Rao R. Packaging Research Center School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 813 Ferst Drive Atlanta GA 30332-0560 United States Singapore Science Park II 11 Science Park Road Singapore 117685 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)1424409853

Embedded active technology, in which thinned active chips are directly buried into a core or high-density-interconnect layers, is gaining more: interest for ultraminiaturization, increased functionality and better performance of SOP (System-On-Package). In this study, chip-last embedded active concept is proposed to address some of process and reliability issues that current chip-first and chip-middle embedded active approaches have. The detailed process development for the first: prototype of chiplast embedded active is described in this paper. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Chip scale packages

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On the power of Simple Branch Prediction Analysis 07

On the power of Simple Branch Prediction Analysis

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2nd ACM Symposium on Information, computer and Communications Security, ASIACCS '07

作者： Aciiçmez, Onur Koç, Çetin Kaya Seifert, Jean-Pierre School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 United States Information Security Research Center Istanbul Commerce University Eminönü Istanbul 34112 Turkey Applied Security Research Group Faculty of Science and Science Education University of Haifa Haifa 31905 Israel Institute for Computer Science University of Innsbruck 6020 Innsbruck Austria

ISBN: (纸本)1595935746

Very recently, a new software side-channel attack, called Branch Prediction Analysis (BPA) attack, has been discovered and also demonstrated to be practically feasible on popular commodity PC platforms. While the above recent attack still had the flavor of a classical timing attack against RSA, where one uses many execution-time measurements under the same key in order to statistically amplify some small but key-dependent timing differences, we dramatically improve upon the former result. We prove that a carefully written spy-process running simultaneously with an RSA-process, is able to collect during one single RSA signing execution almost all of the secret key bits. We call such an attack, analyzing the CPU's Branch Predictor states through spying on a single quasi-parallel computation process, a Simple Branch Prediction Analysis (SBPA) attack - sharply differentiating it from those one relying on statistical methods and requiring many computation measurements under the same key. The successful extraction of almost all secret key bits by our SBPA attack against an openSSL RSA implementation proves that the often recommended blinding or so called randomization techniques to protect RSA against side-channel attacks are, in the context of SBPA attacks, totally useless. Additional to that very crucial security implication, targeted at such implementations which are assumed to be at least statistically secure, our successful SBPA attack also bears another equally critical security implication. Namely, in the context of simple side-channel attacks, it is widely believed that equally balancing the operations after branches is a secure countermeasure against such simple attacks. Unfortunately, this is not true, as even such "balanced branch" implementations can be completely broken by our SBPA attacks. Moreover, despite sophisticated hardware-assisted partitioning methods such as memory protection, sandboxing or even virtualization, SBPA attacks empower an unprivileged p

关键词： Side channel attack

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Predicting secret keys via branch prediction

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Cryptographers Track at the RSA Conference, CT-RSA 2007

作者： Acıiçmez, Onur Koç, Çetin Kaya Seifert, Jean-Pierre School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Oregon State University CorvallisOR97331 United States Information Security Research Center Istanbul Commerce University Eminönü Istanbul34112 Turkey Applied Security Research Group The Center for Computational Mathematics and Scientific Computation Faculty of Science and Science Education University of Haifa Haifa31905 Israel Institute for Computer Science University of Innsbruck Innsbruck6020 Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783540693277

This paper announces a new software side-channel attack — enabled by the branch prediction capability common to all modern high-performance CPUs. The penalty paid (extra clock cycles) for a mispredicted branch can be used for cryptanalysis of cryptographic primitives that employ a data-dependent program flow. Analogous to the recently described cache-based side-channel attacks our attacks also allow an unprivileged process to attack other processes running in parallel on the same processor, despite sophisticated partitioning methods such as memory protection, sandboxing or even virtualization. In this paper, we will discuss several such attacks for the example of RSA, and experimentally show their applicability to real systems, such as OpenSSL and Linux. Moreover, we will also demonstrate the strength of the branch prediction side-channel attack by rendering the obvious countermeasure in this context (Montgomery Multiplication with dummy-reduction) as useless. Although the deeper consequences of the latter result make the task of writing an efficient and secure modular exponentiation (or scalar multiplication on an elliptic curve) a challenging task, we will eventually suggest some countermeasures to mitigate branch prediction side-channel attacks. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.

关键词： Side channel attack

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Halbleiterdrähte und ‐bänder als flexible Bauelemente für die Hochleistungselektronik

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Angewandte Chemie 2008年第30期120卷

作者： Alfred J. Baca Jong‐Hyun Ahn Yugang Sun Matthew A. Meitl Etienne Menard Hoon‐Sik Kim Won Mook Choi Dae‐Hyeong Kim Young Huang John A. Rogers Department of Chemistry and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 (USA) Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 (USA) Derzeitige Adresse: School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Swon 440‐746 (Korea) Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 (USA) Department of Civil/Environmental Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 (USA) Department of Chemistry Materials Science and Engineering Mechanical Science and Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 (USA) Fax: (+1) 217‐333‐2736

In diesem Aufsatz werden die Eigenschaften und die Herstellung anorganischer Halbleitermaterialien behandelt, die als aktive Elemente für Hochleistungstransistoren und Stromkreise in großflächigen, flexiblen und biegestabilen elektronischen Bauteilen eingesetzt werden können. Die Realisierung hoher Leistungsdichten auf Niedertemperaturpolymeren ist eine technische Herausforderung für die Makroelektronik. Die Produktion qualitativ hochwertiger anorganischer Materialien in Form von Drähten, Bändern, Membranen, Schichten und Stäben nach “Bottom‐up”‐ und “Top‐down”‐Verfahren und die Strategien zur Montage dieser Bauteile auf plastischen Substraten werden daher besonders betont. Wichtige Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet dehnbarer und biegsamer anorganischer Halbleitermaterialien und die Grundlagen dieser mechanischen Stabilität sowie dreidimensionale Konstruktionen werden diskutiert. Abschließend werden die Perspektiven dieses vielversprechenden Forschungsfelds beleuchtet.

关键词： Lithographie Makroelektronik Mikroproduktion Nanostrukturen Siliciumwafer

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All-optical digital logic circuit based on NOR-onIy two-level simplification method

All-optical digital logic circuit based on NOR-onIy two-leve...

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2007 the Joint International Conference on Optical Internet and Australian Conference on Optical Fibre Technology, COIN-ACOFT 2007

作者： Jung, Young Jin Son, Chang Wan Park, Namkyoo Lee, Seok Photonics Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul 136-791 Korea Republic of Optical Communication Systems Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea Republic of

For the first time, we suggest the application of NOR-only two-level simplification method for the construction of flexible all-optical digital logic circuit. Arbitrary Boolean function operation and decoding of gray ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9780977565733

关键词： Boolean functions

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EEG Effects of Motion Sickness Induced in a Dynamic Virtual Reality Environment

EEG Effects of Motion Sickness Induced in a Dynamic Virtual ...

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29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS 2007), vol.10

作者： Chin-Teng Lin Shang-Wen Chuang Yu-Chieh Chen Li-Wei Ko Sheng-Fu Liang Tzyy-Ping Jung Department of Electrical and Control Engineering the Department of Computer Science Brain Research Center Hsinchu Taiwan The Department of Computer Science Brain Research Center Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electrical and Control Engineering Brain Research Center Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Institute for Neural Computation University of California San Diego CA USA

The Electroencephalogram (EEG) dynamics which relate to motion sickness are studied in this paper. Instead of providing visual or motion stimuli to the subjects to induce motion sickness, we employed a dynamic virtual-reality (VR) environment in our research. The environment consisted of a 3D surrounding VR scene and a motion platform providing a realistic situation. This environment provided the advantages of safety, low cost, and the realistic stimuli to induce motion sickness. The Motion Sickness Questionnaire (MSQ) was used to assess the sickness level, and the EEG effects on the subjects with high sickness levels were investigated using the independent component analysis (ICA). The fake-epoch extraction was then applied to the nausea-related independent components. Finally we employed the Event-Related Spectral Perturbation (ERSP) technology on the fake-epochs in order to determine the EEG dynamics during motion sickness. The experimental results show that most subjects experienced an 8-10Hz power increase to their motion sickness-related phenomena in the parietal and motor areas. Moreover, some subjects experienced an EEG power increase of 18-20Hz in their synchronized responses recorded in the same areas. The motion sickness-related effects and regions can be successfully obtained from our experimental results.

关键词： Electroencephalography Virtual reality Layout Vehicle dynamics computer science Safety Motion analysis Independent component analysis control engineering Costs

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Post-treatment effect on the electrical properties of triisopropylsilyl pentacene organic thin-film transistors

Post-treatment effect on the electrical properties of triiso...

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作者： Kim, Yong-Hoon Lee, Jae-Hoon Han, Min-Koo Han, Jeong-In Information Display Research Center Korea Electronics Technology Institute Seongnam 463 - 816 Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul 151 -742 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9787561752289

By employing a post-treatment in N2 atmosphere at room temperature, the electrical properties of ink-jet printed triisopropylsilyl pentacene organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) such as current on/off ratio and subthreshold slope were significantly improved. The current on/off ratio of the OTFT device increased from 104 to 105 after the post-treatment and the subthreshold slope was improved from 8.5 V/decade to 2 V/decade. The field-effect mobility of the device was not significantly affected by the post-treatment. We have also employed a post-treatment in vacuum at room temperature and the off-current of OTFT devices decreased by 1 order after the treatment.

关键词： Ink jet printing

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A 26.5–37.5 GHz frequency divider and a 73-GHz-BW CML buffer in 0.13μm CMOS

A 26.5–37.5 GHz frequency divider and a 73-GHz-BW CML buffe...

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IEEE Asian Conference on Solid-State Circuits (ASSCC)

作者： Jeong-Kyoum Kim Jaeha Kim Sang-Yoon Lee Suhwan Kim Deog-Kyoon Jeong School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

This paper presents a frequency divider with a wide operating frequency range and a high bandwidth CML buffer intended for an 80-Gb/s serial link system. The proposed divider uses a pulsed-latch architecture that replaces the slave latch in a flip-flop-based divider with a buffer. The CML buffer employs both shunt-and-double-series inductive peaking and active feedback. Implemented in a 0.13-mum CMOS process with f T of only 82 GHz, the divider operates over a wide range of 26.5-37.S GHz with an input sensitivity of 1 V pp, diff and produces a nominal output swing of 1 V pp, diff . The CML buffer achieves a -3 dB bandwidth of 73.5 GHz in simulation, which is high enough to buffer an 80-Gb/s NRZ data stream. The fabricated frequency divider and clock buffers dissipate 22.5 mW and 72 mW, respectively, from a 1.8-V supply.

关键词： Frequency conversion Clocks Bandwidth Transmitters Circuits Latches Feedback CMOS process Semiconductor device modeling Uncertainty

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Robust control using analog adaptive resonance theory

Robust control using analog adaptive resonance theory

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IEEE Region 10 International Conference TENCON

作者： Jun-Hyeok Son Jung-Wook Kim Bo-Hyeok Seo Graduate School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kyungpook National University South Korea POSCON Corporation Research and Development Center South Korea School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kyungpook National University South Korea

In many control system applications, the system designed must not only satisfy the damping and accuracy specifications, but the control must also yield performance that is robust to external disturbance and parameter variations. We have shown that feedback in conventional control systems has the inherent ability of reducing the effects of external disturbance and parameter variations. Unfortunately, robustness with the conventional feedback configuration is achieved only with a high loop gain, which is normally detrimental to stability. The design of intelligent, autonomous machines to perform tasks that are dull, repetitive, hazardous, or that require skill, strength, or dexterity beyond the capability of humans is the ultimate goal of robotics research. This paper prove the robust control using analog adaptive resonance theory (ART2) algorithm through case study.

关键词： Robust control Programmable control Adaptive control Resonance control systems Robust stability Intelligent robots Damping Feedback loop Machine intelligence

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Simulation study on negative read biasing effects for the reliable operation of NOR type floating gate flash memory devices

Simulation study on negative read biasing effects for the re...

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International Symposium Semiconductor Device research (ISDRS)

作者： Seongjae Cho Il Han Park Jong Duk Lee Byung-Gook Park Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center and School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

In this study, the negative biasing effects on the interference is investigated as process and operation parameters such as channel doping concentration, channel thickness and magnitude of negative biasing in the read operation. The electrical interference can be termed as paired cell interference (PCI) more specifically, since the two different devices face each other having a common silicon channel between them. The dependency of PCI on doping concentration is larger for right control gate (RCG) bias closer to zero voltage but it disappears as the RCG becomes more negative.

关键词： Nonvolatile memory Flash memory Interference Threshold voltage Doping Silicon Voltage control Educational institutions Computational modeling computer simulation

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