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Highly transparent anti-reflection coating enhances the underwater efficiency and stability of perovskite solar modules

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8126-8133页

作者： Feng Qian Shihao Yuan Ting Zhang Lei Wang Xiaobo Li Hualin Zheng Qien Xu Zhi David Chen Shibin Li School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKentucky 40506USA

Perovskite solar cells have shown great potential in the field of underwater solar cells due to their excellent optoelectronic properties;however,their underwater performance and stability still hinder their practical *** this research,a 1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate(HFDA)anti-reflection coating(ARC)was introduced as a high-transparent material for encapsulating perovskite solar modules(PSMs).Optical characterization results revealed that HFDA can effectively reduce reflection of light below 800 nm,aiding in the absorption of light within this wavelength range by underwater solar ***,a remarkable efficiency of 14.65%was achieved even at a water depth of 50 ***,the concentration of Pb^(2+)for HFDA-encapsulated film is significantly reduced from 186 to 16.5 ppb after being immersed in water for 347 ***,the encapsulated PSMs still remained above 80%of their initial efficiency after continuous underwater illumination for 400 ***,being exposed to air,the encapsulated PSMs maintained 94%of their original efficiency after 1000 h light *** highly transparent ARC shows great potentials in enhancing the stability of perovskite devices,applicable not only to underwater cells but also extendable to land-based photovoltaic devices.

关键词： underwater photovoltaics perovskite solar modules anti-reflection coating underwater stability

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TSCompiler: efficient compilation framework for dynamic-shape models

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 67-84页

作者： Xiang LUO Chen ZHANG Chenbo GENG Yanzhi YI Jiahui HU Renwei ZHANG Zhen ZHANG Gianpietro CONSOLARO Fan YANG Tun LU Ning GU Li SHANG School of Computer Science Fudan University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. Huawei Paris Research Center School of Microelectronics Fudan University

Today's deep learning models face an increasing demand to handle dynamic shape tensors and computation whose shape information remains unknown at compile time and varies in a nearly infinite range at runtime. This shape dynamism brings tremendous challenges for existing compilation pipelines designed for static models which optimize tensor programs relying on exact shape values. This paper presents TSCompiler, an end-to-end compilation framework for dynamic shape models. TSCompiler first proposes a symbolic shape propagation algorithm to recover symbolic shape information at compile time to enable subsequent optimizations. TSCompiler then partitions the shape-annotated computation graph into multiple subgraphs and fine-tunes the backbone operators from the subgraph within a hardware-aligned search space to find a collection of high-performance schedules. TSCompiler can propagate the explored backbone schedule to other fusion groups within the same subgraph to generate a set of parameterized tensor programs for fused cases based on dependence analysis. At runtime, TSCompiler utilizes an occupancy-targeted cost model to select from pre-compiled tensor programs for varied tensor shapes. Extensive evaluations show that TSCompiler can achieve state-of-the-art speedups for dynamic shape models. For example, we can improve kernel efficiency by up to 3.97× on NVIDIA RTX3090, and 10.30× on NVIDIA A100 and achieve up to five orders of magnitude speedups on end-to-end latency.

关键词： machine learning tensor compilers dynamic shape operator fusion code generation auto-tuning

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Free-form acoustic topological waveguides enabled by topological lattice defects

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Physical Review B 2024年第18期109卷 L180101-L180101页

作者： Yin Wang Yong Ge Yu-Jing Lu Shuai Gu Yi-Jun Guan Qiao-Rui Si Shou-Qi Yuan Qiang Wang Hong-Xiang Sun Haoran Xue Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology School of Physics and Electrical Engineering School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering School of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures State Key Laboratory of Acoustics Department of Physics The

The emerging field of topological acoustics provides exciting possibilities for controlling sound propagation with extraordinary robustness. Conventional topological acoustic waveguides built from topological edge states, which arise solely from the nontrivial topology in the momentum space, usually have restricted shapes due to their crystalline structures. Here, we show that, using an acoustic topological system with both nontrivial topologies in the real and momentum spaces, free-form acoustic topological waveguides can be constructed. These topological waveguides support disclination-localized states, caused by the interplay between topological lattice defects and the valley-Hall topology. As demonstrated in our simulations and experiments, such disclination waveguides can take arbitrary shapes and form open arcs within the lattice, which are not possible for previous crystalline acoustic topological waveguides. Furthermore, by increasing the number of topological lattice defects, we can realize more than one topological waveguide in one lattice. They join at the topological lattice defect and form a topological waveguide network, enabling more complicated functionalities such as beam splitting. Our results point to a promising direction for free-form acoustic topological devices with the advantages of embedded forms, easy cascading, and high robustness.

关键词： Acoustics Defects Topological phase transition Topological phases of matter

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A color image encryption scheme based on a 2D coupled chaotic system and diagonal scrambling algorithm

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 233-243页

作者：苏静明方士辉洪炎温言 Anhui Mining Machinery and Electrical Equipment Coordination Innovation Center Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

A novel color image encryption scheme is developed to enhance the security of encryption without increasing the complexity. Firstly, the plain color image is decomposed into three grayscale plain images, which are converted into the frequency domain coefficient matrices(FDCM) with discrete cosine transform(DCT) operation. After that, a twodimensional(2D) coupled chaotic system is developed and used to generate one group of embedded matrices and another group of encryption matrices, respectively. The embedded matrices are integrated with the FDCM to fulfill the frequency domain encryption, and then the inverse DCT processing is implemented to recover the spatial domain signal. Eventually,under the function of the encryption matrices and the proposed diagonal scrambling algorithm, the final color ciphertext is obtained. The experimental results show that the proposed method can not only ensure efficient encryption but also satisfy various sizes of image encryption. Besides, it has better performance than other similar techniques in statistical feature analysis, such as key space, key sensitivity, anti-differential attack, information entropy, noise attack, etc.

关键词： color image encryption discrete cosine transform two-dimensional(2D)coupled chaotic system diagonal scrambling

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Transaction transmission model for blockchain channels based on non-cooperative games

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 97-114页

作者： Peiyun ZHANG Chenxi LI Mengchu ZHOU Wenjun HUANG Abdullah ABUSORRAH Omaimah O.BAMASAG Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics of Ministry of Education School of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computer and Information Anhui Normal University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz University Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Center of Excellence in Smart Environment Research King Abdulaziz University

In blockchain networks, transactions can be transmitted through channels. The existing transmission methods depend on their routing information. If a node randomly chooses a channel to transmit a transaction, the transmission may be aborted due to insufficient funds(also called balance) or a low transmission rate. To increase the success rate and reduce transmission delay across all transactions, this work proposes a transaction transmission model for blockchain channels based on non-cooperative game *** balance, channel states, and transmission probability are fully considered. This work then presents an optimized channel transaction transmission algorithm. First, channel balances are analyzed and suitable channels are selected if their balance is sufficient. Second, a Nash equilibrium point is found by using an iterative sub-gradient method and its related channels are then used to transmit transactions. The proposed method is compared with two state-of-the-art approaches: Silent Whispers and Speedy Murmurs. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves transmission success rate, reduces transmission delay,and effectively decreases transmission overhead in comparison with its two competitive peers.

关键词： Blockchain channel transaction transmission channel balance channel state channel transmission probability non-cooperative game

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Analysis of the acoustoelectric response of SAW gas sensors using a COM model

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 87-96页

作者： Yang Yuan Tao Yang Xi Chen Linglang Yu Xiaoxiao Hou Guangzu Zhang Wen Dong Zixiao Lu Honglang Li Leonhard Reindl Wei Luo School of Integrated Circuits Huazhong University of Science and Technology430074 WuhanPeople’s Republic of China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology100190 BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Microsystems Engineering Laboratory for Electrical Instrumentation and Embedded SystemsUniversity of Freiburg79110 FreiburgGermany Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen 518057 ShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China

Surface acoustic wave(SAW)gas sensors based on the acoustoelectric effect exhibit wide application prospects for in situ gas ***,establishing accurate models for calculating the scattering parameters of SAW gas sensors remains a ***,we present a coupling of modes(COM)model that includes the acoustoelectric effect and specifically explains the nonmonotonic variation in the center frequency with respect to the sensing film’s sheet *** sensing parameters of the gas sensors,including the center frequency,insertion loss,and phase,were experimentally compared for accuracy and ***,the frequency of the phase extremum(FPE)shift was determined to vary monotonically,and the range of selectable test points was wide,making the FPE an appropriate response parameter for leveraging in SAW gas *** simulation results of the COM model were highly consistent with the experimental *** study is proposed to provide theoretical guidance for the future development of gas SAW sensors.

关键词： COM SAW establishing

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Higher-order temporal interactions promote the cooperation in the multiplayer snowdrift game

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第12期66卷 138-153页

作者： Yan XU Juan WANG Chengyi XIA Zhen WANG School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Tianjin University of Technology School of Artificial Intelligence Tiangong University School of Cyberspace and Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning(OPTIMAL) Northwestern Polytechnical University

To explore evolutionary dynamics of collective behaviors within the interconnected population,previous studies usually map non-pairwise interactions to higher-order static networks. However, from human communications to chemical reactions and biological systems, interactions often change over time, which cannot be simply described by higher-order static networks. In this study, we introduce time effects into higher-order networks and correspondingly investigate the evolutionary dynamics of multiplayer snowdrift games on higher-order temporal networks. Specifically, extensive simulations from four empirical datasets reveal that(1) the temporal effect of higher-order networks can facilitate the evolution of cooperation;(2) the higher-order topology can enhance the emergence of cooperation within a certain range of parameters;(3) the contribution of temporal burstiness and participants burstiness to cooperation is reversed. Furthermore,we theoretically demonstrate that the higher-order structure will suppress the propagation of defection in temporal networks. Our findings offer a new avenue for studying the evolution of altruistic behaviors in realistic complex networks.

关键词： collective behaviors non-pairwise interactions multiplayer snowdrift games temporal networks higher-order complex networks

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Adversarial Geometric Attacks for 3D Point Cloud Object Tracking

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 3144-3157页

作者： Yao, Rui Zhang, Anqi Zhou, Yong Zhao, Jiaqi Liu, Bing El Saddik, Abdulmotaleb China University of Mining and Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Mine Digitization Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Xuzhou221116 China University of Ottawa School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science OttawaONK1N 6N5 Canada

3D point cloud object tracking (3D PCOT) plays a vital role in applications such as autonomous driving and robotics. Adversarial attacks offer a promising approach to enhance the robustness and security of tracking models. However, existing adversarial attack methods for 3D PCOT seldom leverage the geometric structure of point clouds and often overlook the transferability of attack strategies. To address these limitations, this paper proposes an adversarial geometric attack method tailored for 3D PCOT, which includes a point perturbation attack module (non-isometric transformation) and a rotation attack module (isometric transformation). First, we introduce a curvature-aware point perturbation attack module that enhances local transformations by applying normal perturbations to critical points identified through geometric features such as curvature and entropy. Second, we design a Thompson sampling-based rotation attack module that applies subtle global rotations to the point cloud, introducing tracking errors while maintaining imperceptibility. Additionally, we design a fused loss function to iteratively optimize the point cloud within the search region, generating adversarially perturbed samples. The proposed method is evaluated on multiple 3D PCOT models and validated through black-box tracking experiments on benchmarks. For P2B, white-box attacks on KITTI reduce the success rate from 53.3% to 29.6% and precision from 68.4% to 37.1%. On NuScenes, the success rate drops from 39.0% to 27.6%, and precision from 39.9 to 26.8%. Black-box attacks show a transferability, with BAT showing a maximum 47.0% drop in success rate and 47.2% in precision on KITTI, and a maximum 22.5% and 27.0% on NuScenes. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Intelligent Predetermination of Generator Tripping Scheme: Knowledge Fusion-based Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 66-75页

作者： Lingkang Zeng Wei Yao Ze Hu Hang Shuai Zhouping Li Jinyu Wen Shijie Cheng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Dispatching and Control Center Central China Branch of State Grid Corporation of ChinaWuhan 430077China. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Generator tripping scheme(GTS)is the most commonly used scheme to prevent power systems from losing safety and ***,GTS is composed of offline predetermination and real-time scenario ***,it is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive for manual predetermination for a large-scale modern power *** improve efficiency of predetermination,this paper proposes a framework of knowledge fusion-based deep reinforcement learning(KF-DRL)for intelligent predetermination of ***,the Markov Decision Process(MDP)for GTS problem is formulated based on transient instability ***,linear action space is developed to reduce dimensionality of action space for multiple controllable ***,KF-DRL leverages domain knowledge about GTS to mask invalid actions during the decision-making *** can enhance the efficiency and learning ***,the graph convolutional network(GCN)is introduced to the policy network for enhanced learning *** simulation results obtained on New England power system demonstrate superiority of the proposed KF-DRL framework for GTS over the purely data-driven DRL method.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning generator tripping scheme graph convolutional network invalid action masking knowledgefusion

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IRS-enabled NOMA communication systems:A network architecture primer with future trends and challenges

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第5期10卷 1503-1528页

作者： Haleema Sadia Ahmad Kamal Hassan Ziaul Haq Abbas Ghulam Abbas Muhammad Waqas Zhu Han Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications and Networking(TeleCoN)Research Center Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering and Technology(GIKI)Topi 23640Pakistan Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering GIKITopi 23640Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Information TechnologyUniversity of Bahrain32028Bahrain School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityPerth WA6027Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77004USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul 446-701South Korea

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)has already proven to be an effective multiple access scheme for5th Generation(5G)wireless *** provides improved performance in terms of system throughput,spectral efficiency,fairness,and energy efficiency(EE).However,in conventional NOMA networks,performance degradation still exists because of the stochastic behavior of wireless *** combat this challenge,the concept of Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)has risen to prominence as a low-cost intelligent solution for Beyond 5G(B5G)*** this paper,a modeling primer based on the integration of these two cutting-edge technologies,i.e.,IRS and NOMA,for B5G wireless networks is *** in-depth comparative analysis of IRS-assisted Power Domain(PD)-NOMA networks is provided through 3-fold ***,a primer is presented on the system architecture of IRS-enabled multiple-configuration PD-NOMA systems,and parallels are drawn with conventional network configurations,i.e.,conventional NOMA,Orthogonal Multiple Access(OMA),and IRS-assisted OMA *** by this,a comparative analysis of these network configurations is showcased in terms of significant performance metrics,namely,individual users'achievable rate,sum rate,ergodic rate,EE,and outage ***,for multi-antenna IRS-enabled NOMA networks,we exploit the active Beamforming(BF)technique by employing a greedy algorithm using a state-of-the-art branch-reduceand-bound(BRB)*** optimality of the BRB algorithm is presented by comparing it with benchmark BF techniques,i.e.,minimum-mean-square-error,zero-forcing-BF,and ***,we present an outlook on future envisioned NOMA networks,aided by IRSs,i.e.,with a variety of potential applications for 6G wireless *** work presents a generic performance assessment toolkit for wireless networks,focusing on IRS-assisted NOMA *** comparative analysis provides a solid foundation for the dev

关键词： Intelligent reflecting surface Non-orthogonal multiple access 6G Beamforming Sum rate Energy efficiency

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