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IEEE International Conference on computer-Aided Design

作者： I. Hartanto V. Boppana W.K. Fuchs Design Technology Center Hewlett Packard Company Palo Alto CA USA Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana IL USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

State justification is a time-consuming operation in test generation for sequential circuits. In this paper, we present a technique to rapidly identify state elements (hip-hops) that are either difficult to set or unsettable. This is achieved by performing test generation on certain transformed circuits to identify state elements that are not settable to specific logic values. Two applications that benefit from this identification are sequential circuit test generation and partial scan design. The knowledge of the state space is shown to be useful in creating early backtracks in deterministic test generation. Partial scan selection is also shown to benefit from the knowledge of the difficult-to-set hip-hops. Experiments on the ISCAS89 circuits are presented to show the reduction in time for test generation and the improvements in the testability of the resulting partial scan circuits.

关键词： Flip-flops Automatic test pattern generation Circuit testing Sequential analysis Sequential circuits Circuit faults State-space methods Logic testing Fault diagnosis Performance evaluation

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OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FOR OPHTHALMIC IMAGING - NEW TECHNIQUE DELIVERS MICRON-SCALE RESOLUTION

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IEEE engineering IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY MAGAZINE 1995年第1期14卷 67-76页

作者： HEE, MR IZATT, JA SWANSON, EA HUANG, D SHUMAN, JS LIN, CP PULIAFITO, CA FUJIMOTO, JG Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci. MIT Cambridge MA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology USA Laser Research Laboratory New Englond Eye Center Tufts University School of Medicine USA

The authors have developed a new technique for micron scale resolution cross-sectional imaging of ocular and other biological tissue, called optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT is similar to B-scan ultrasonic imaging, except that image contrast relies on differences in optical rather than acoustic backscattering characteristics of tissue. In contrast to ultrasound and nonlinear optical gating techniques, low-coherence interferometry is used to resolve the position of reflective or optical backscattering sites within a sample. Two-dimensional tomographic images of a thin, optical slice of tissue may be obtained with 10 μm longitudinal and lateral resolution. Optical heterodyne detection and the application of noise-reduction techniques originally developed for optical communication achieve sensitivity to reflected light as small as 10/sup -10/ of the incident optical power. OCT is non-contact, non-invasive, and has superior resolution to conventional clinical ultrasound. Unlike scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and scanning laser tomography, the optical sectioning capability of OCT is not limited by the pupil aperture and ocular aberrations. OCT may be implemented in a compact, low-cost, fiber-optic based interferometer that is easily coupled to existing ophthalmic instrumentation. Here, the authors demonstrate high-speed in vivo OCT imaging in both the anterior and posterior eye, and highlight the system's potential usefulness for the early diagnosis and quantitative monitoring of a variety of ocular diseases and treatments.

关键词： Tomography Optical imaging Optical interferometry Biomedical optical imaging Fiber nonlinear optics High speed optical techniques Nonlinear optics Optical mixing Optical sensors Ultrasonic imaging

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Fluid micropumps based on rotary magnetic actuators

Fluid micropumps based on rotary magnetic actuators

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IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

作者： C.H. Ahn M.G. Allen Center for Microelectronic Sensors and Microstructures Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA Microelectronics Research Center School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

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Covering radius 1985-1994

Covering radius 1985-1994

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： G.D. Cohen S. Litsyn A. Lobstein H.F. Mattson Departement INF Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Paris France Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems Tel-aviv University Israel School of Computer and Information Science Center for Science and Development of Technology Syracuse NY USA

We survey important developments in the theory of covering radius during the period 1985-1994. We present lower bounds, constructions and upper bounds, the linear and nonlinear cases, density and asymptotic results, n... 详细信息

关键词： Error correction codes Upper bound Information science Testing Decoding Linear programming H infinity control Linear code Bibliographies Block codes

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New project to support scientific collaboration electronically

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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 1994年第26期75卷 289-298页

作者： Clauer, C.R. Rasmussen, C.E. Niciejewski, R.J. Killeen, T.L. Kelly, J.D. Zambre, Y. Rosenberg, T.J. Stauning, P. Friis‐Christensen, E. Mende, S.B. Weymouth, T.E. Prakash, A. McDaniel, S.E. Olson, G.M. Finholt, T.A. Atkins, D.E. University of Michigan Space Physics Research Laboratory Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 United States SRI International Geoscience and Engineering Center Menlo Park California 94025 333 Ravenswood Ave United States University of Maryland Institute for Physical Science and Technology College Park Maryland 20742 United States Danish Meteorological Institute Solar Terrestrial Physics Division Copenhagen Denmark Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory Palo Alto California 94304 3251 Hanover St United States University of Michigan Dep. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 United States University of Michigan Cognitive Science and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 701 Tappan United States University of Michigan School of Information and Library Studies Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 304 W. Engineering United States

A new multidisciplinary effort is linking research in the upper atmospheric and space, computer, and behavioral sciences to develop a prototype electronic environment for conducting team science worldwide. A real‐world electronic collaboration testbed has been established to support scientific work centered around the experimental operations being conducted with instruments from the Sondrestrom Upper Atmospheric Research Facility in Kangerlussuaq, Greenland. Such group computing environments will become an important component of the National Information Infrastructure initiative, which is envisioned as the high‐performance communications infrastructure to support national scientific research. ©1994. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

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Optical coherence tomography for medical diagnostics

Optical coherence tomography for medical diagnostics

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Medical Optical Tomography: Functional Imaging and Monitoring 1993

作者： Izatt, Joseph A. Hee, Michael R. Huang, David Fujimoto, James G. Swanson, Eric A. Lin, Charles P. Schuman, Joel S. Puliafito, Carmen A. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory LexingtonMA02173 United States New England Eye Center Tufts University School of Medicine BostonMA02111 United States

Techniques for non -invasive biomedical imaging include nuclear magnetic resonance, ultrasound, positron emission tomography, x -ray computed tomography, and optical transillumination. Each of these methods has different advantages and limitations and has found particular applications in medicine. Optical imaging of tissue offers the potential of a non -invasive diagnostic with non -ionizing radiation and the possibility of using spectroscopic properties to distinguish tissue type and probe metabolic function. © (1993) 2017 SPIE.

关键词： Tissue

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DQDB/sup +/-/: a fair and waste-free media access protocol for dual bus metropolitan networks

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IEEE Transactions on Communications 1993年第12期41卷 1805-1815页

作者： I.F. Akyildiz J. Liebeherr A.N. Tantawi School of Electrical & Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Computer Science Department University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA IBM Research Division IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY USA

A media access protocol that achieves a fair distribution of the bandwidth in one round-trip delay is presented. The protocol is based on a unique solution to a fair and waste-free bandwidth allocation. This bandwidth allocation can be implemented in a distributed manner. A comparison of the new protocol with the DQDB (distributed queue dual bus) protocol shows considerable advantages regarding the transmission delay of messages and the time a station needs to obtain a fair portion of the available bandwidth. The advantages of the protocol become more apparent for large networks and high transmission speeds. In addition, the new protocol can perform nonuniform bandwidth allocations.< >

关键词： Media Access Protocol Bandwidth Channel allocation Metropolitan area networks Access protocols Delay effects computer science

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Optical coherence tomography

Optical coherence tomography

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1992 Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, LEOS 1992

作者： Swanson, E. Izatt, J. Hee, M. Huang, D. Lint, C. Puliafitot, C. Fujimoto, J. Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology LexingtonMA02173-9108 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Laser Research Laboratory New England Eye Center Tufts University School of Medicine BostonMA02111 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780305264

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new technique for non-contact cross-sectional imaging based on optical coherence domain reflectometery (OCDR). OCDR (also called low coherence interferometery) has been used to achieve high resolution (∼10 μm) and high sensitivity (∼ 100 dB) longitudinal ranging measurements in optical components and biological tissues.1-4 OCT, an extension of OCDR, combines multiple longitudinal scans to form a gray scale or false color cross-sectional images. This technology has a wide range of biomedical and other applications. It is particularly well suited for ophthalmic applications where, in contrast to other techniques such as ultrasound and scanning laser ophthalmoscopes, high resolution can be achieved in both anterior and posterior structure. © 1992 Institute of electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical tomography

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On perfect weighted coverings with small radius 1st

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1st French-Soviet Workshop on Algebraic Coding, 1991

作者： Cohen, Gérard D. Litsyn, Simon N. Mattson, H.F. Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications 46 rue Barrault C-220-5 Paris cédex 1375634 France Dept. of Electrical Engineering-Systems Tel-Aviv University Ramat-Aviv69978 Israel School of Computer and Information Science 4-116 Center for Science and Technology SyracuseNY13244-4100 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783540551300

We extend the results of our previous paper [8] to the nonlinear case: The Lloyd polynomial of the covering has at least R distinct roots among 1,…, n, where R is the covering radius. We investigate PWC with diameter 1, finding a partial characterization. We complete an investigation begun in [8] on linear PMC with distance 1 and diameter 2. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1992.

关键词： computers

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Conductance quantization in a GaAs electron waveguide device fabricated by x‐ray lithography

Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics a...

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Journal of Vacuum science & technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena 1992年第6期10卷 2966-2969页

作者： W. Chu C. C. Eugster A. Moel E. E. Moon J. A. del Alamo Henry I. Smith M. L. Schattenburg K. W. Rhee M. C. Peckerar M. R. Melloch Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 Center for Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 Nanoelectronics Processing Facility U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC 20375 School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907

We report on the fabrication of AlGaAs/GaAs split‐gate electron waveguide devices of lengths between 0.1 and 2 μm using x‐ray lithography, and the measurements of these devices at liquid‐helium temperatures and up to 15 K. An x‐ray mask (parent mask) was fabricated using e‐beam lithography and replicated using proximity x‐ray lithography (λ=1.32 nm) to generate a replica (daughter) mask. The daughter mask was then aligned to patterns on a high‐mobility AlGaAs/GaAs sample and x ray exposed using a conformable mask fixture. The conductance of the electron waveguides was measured as a function of the split‐gate bias. Sharp 2e2/h conductance steps were observed in devices up to 0.75 μm long at T=2 K. The features in the conductance remain visible up to 15 K.

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