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2019 International Conference on Internet of Things, Embedded Systems and Communications, IINTEC 2019

作者： Dhibi, Khaled Fezai, Radhia Mansouri, Majdi Kouadri, Abdelmalek Bouzrara, Kais Laboratory of Automatic Signal and Image Processing National School of Engineers of Monastir University of Monastir 5019 Tunisia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas AM University at Qatar Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9781728151847

Process monitoring is an essential part of industrial systems. It requires higher product quality and safety operations. Therefore, a nonlinear data-driven approach based reduced KPCA (RKPCA) for statistical monitoring of industrial processes is developed. RKPCA is a novel machine learning tool which merges dimensionality reduction and supervised learning. The use of classical KPCA for modeling and monitoring purposes can impose a high computational load when a large number of measurements are recorded. The main idea of the proposed RKPCA approach is to reduce the number of observations (samples) in the data matrix using the Euclidean distance between samples as dissimilarity metric so that only one observation is kept in case of redundancy. The Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP) is used to evaluate the fault detection abilities of the proposed RKPCA technique. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated and compared to the classical KPCA in terms of false alarms rates (FAR), missed detection rates (MDR) and computation times (CT). © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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Learning, visualizing and exploring 16S rRNA structure using an attention-based deep neural network

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PLoS Computational Biology 2021年第9期17卷 e1009345-e1009345页

作者： Zhao, Zhengqiao Woloszynek, Stephen Agbavor, Felix Mell, Joshua Chang Sokhansanj, Bahrad A. Rosen, Gail L. Ecological and Evolutionary Signal-Processing and Informatics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Drexel University PhiladelphiaPA United States Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center BostonMA United States Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems Drexel University PhiladelphiaPA United States College of Medicine Drexel University PhiladelphiaPA United States

Recurrent neural networks with memory and attention mechanisms are widely used in natural language processing because they can capture short and long term sequential information for diverse tasks. We propose an integrated deep learning model for microbial DNA sequence data, which exploits convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, and attention mechanisms to predict taxonomic classifications and sample-associated attributes, such as the relationship between the microbiome and host phenotype, on the read/ sequence level. In this paper, we develop this novel deep learning approach and evaluate its application to amplicon sequences. We apply our approach to short DNA reads and full sequences of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) marker genes, which identify the heterogeneity of a microbial community sample. We demonstrate that our implementation of a novel attention- based deep network architecture, Read2Pheno, achieves read-level phenotypic prediction. Training Read2Pheno models will encode sequences (reads) into dense, meaningful representations: learned embedded vectors output from the intermediate layer of the network model, which can provide biological insight when visualized. The attention layer of Read2Pheno models can also automatically identify nucleotide regions in reads/sequences which are particularly informative for classification. As such, this novel approach can avoid pre/post-processing and manual interpretation required with conventional approaches to microbiome sequence classification. We further show, as proof-of-concept, that aggregating read-level information can robustly predict microbial community properties, host phenotype, and taxonomic classification, with performance at least comparable to conventional approaches. An implementation of the attention-based deep learning network is available at https://***/EESI/sequence_attention (a python package) and https://***/ EESI/seq2att (a command line tool). Copyright: © 2021 Zhao et

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Optimum elements selection in IRS-assisted UAV communications with phase errors

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Jangsher, Sobia Al-Dweik, Arafat Al-Jarrah, Mohammd Ahmad Alusa, Emad Alouini, Mohamed-Slim Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Wireless and Signal Processing Lab Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Center for Cyber Physical Systems Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University LondonON Canada Thuwal Makkah Province Saudi Arabia

This letter considers minimizing the bit error rate (BER) of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications assisted by intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs). By noting that increasing the number of IRS elements in the presence of phase errors does not necessarily improve the BER, it is crucial to use only the elements that contribute to reducing the BER. Consequently, we propose an efficient algorithm to activate only the elements that improve the BER. The proposed algorithm has lower complexity and comparable BER to the optimum selection process, which is an NP-hard problem. The accuracy of the estimated phase is evaluated by deriving the probability distribution function (PDF) of the least-square (LS) channel estimator, and showing that the PDF can be closely approximated by the von Mises distribution at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The obtained analytical and simulation results show that using all the available reflectors can significantly deteriorate the BER, and thus, elements’ selection is necessary. In particular scenarios, using about 26% of the reflectors provides more than 10 fold BER reduction. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Bit error rate

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Anomaly Scoring for Prediction-Based Anomaly Detection in Time Series

Anomaly Scoring for Prediction-Based Anomaly Detection in Ti...

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IEEE Aerospace Conference

作者： Tianyu Li Mary L. Comer Edward J. Delp Sundip R. Desai James L. Mathieson Richard H. Foster Moses W. Chan Video and Image Processing Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA Advanced Technology Center Lockheed Martin Space Palo Alto California USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728127347

ISBN: (纸本)9781728127354

Prediction-based anomaly detection methods for time series have been studied for decades and demonstrated to be useful in many applications. However, many predictors cannot accurately predict values around abrupt changes in time series, which may result in false detections or missed detections. In this paper, the problem is addressed using an anomaly scoring method for prediction-based anomaly detection. A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is used for prediction, and a dynamic thresholding method is used for anomaly extraction from prediction error sequences. The pattern of falsely-detected anomalies, or false positive sequences (FPS), in training data is learned by a clustering algorithm. A score is assigned to each detected anomaly in test data according to its distance to the nearest FPS pattern learned from training data. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated by testing it on a variety of public time series datasets.

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Reduced Gaussian process regression for fault detection of chemical processes

Reduced Gaussian process regression for fault detection of c...

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2019 International Conference on Internet of Things, Embedded Systems and Communications, IINTEC 2019

作者： Fezai, Radhia Mansouri, Majdi Bouguila, Nasreddine Nounou, Hazem Nounou, Mohamed Laboratory of Automatic Signal and Image Processing National School of Engineers of Monastir University of Monastir 5019 Tunisia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Texas AM University at Qatar Doha Qatar Chemical Engineering Program Texas AM University at Qatar Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9781728151847

In this paper, a reduced Gaussian process regression (RGPR)-based generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is proposed for fault detection in industrial systems. In contrast to the classical GPR technique, the RGPR model can handle domains with a large number of activities that require very large training sets. The developed RGPR-based GLRT method aims first to build a RGPR model, then, it consists to apply GLRT to the monitored residuals obtained from PGPR for fault detection purposes. The fault detection performance of the developed RGPR-based GLRT method is illustrated through the Tennessee Eastman process. The simulation results show that the RGPR-based GLRT method outperforms the conventional GPR-based GLRT technique in terms of miss detection rate and CPU-time. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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Machine learning based Gaussian process regression for fault detection of Biological Systems

Machine learning based Gaussian process regression for fault...

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2019 International Conference on Internet of Things, Embedded Systems and Communications, IINTEC 2019

ISBN: (纸本)9781728151847

Effective detection of faults in Biological processes is essential to observe the continuity of good functioning of the system under typical circumstances for ensuring safety. Therefore, the first objective of this paper is to develop a machine learning based Gaussian process regression (GPR) technique that can accurately model biological processes and compute the monitored residuals. The second objective is to apply a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) to the evaluated residuals for fault detection purposes. The detection performance of the GPR-based GLRT is evaluated using a biological process representing a Cad System in E. Coli (CSEC) model. The GPR-based GLRT is used to enhance monitoring of the Cad System in E. coli process through monitoring some of the key variables involved in this process, such as enzymes, lysine, and cadaverine. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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One-dimensional quasi bound states in the continuum with large operation bandwidth in the ω~k space for nonlinear optical applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Sun, Kaili Jiang, Hui Bykov, Dmitry A. Van, Vien Levy, Uriel Cai, Yangjian Han, Zhanghua Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Devices Center of Light Manipulation and Applications School of Physics and Electronics Shandong Normal University Jinan250358 China Image Processing Systems Institute Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" Russian Academy of Sciences 151 Molodogvardeyskaya st. Samara443001 Russia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonT6G 2V4 Canada Department of Applied Physics The center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel

The phenomenon of bound state in the continuum (BIC) with infinite quality factor and lifetime has emerged in recent years in photonics as a new tool of manipulating light-matter interactions. However, most of the investigated structures only support BIC resonances at very few discrete points in the ω~k space. Even when the BIC is switched to a quasi-BIC(QBIC) resonance through perturbation, its frequency will still be located within a narrow spectral band close to that of the original BIC, restricting their applications in many fields where random or multiple input frequencies beyond the narrow band are required. In this work, we demonstrate that a new set of QBIC resonances can be supported by making use of a special binary grating consisting of two alternatingly aligned ridge arrays with the same period and zero-approaching ridge width difference on a slab waveguide. These QBIC resonances are distributed continuously over a broad band along a line in the ω~k space and can thus be considered as one-dimensional QBICs. With the Q factors generally affected by the ridge difference, it is now possible to choose arbitrarily any frequencies on the dispersion line to achieve significantly enhanced light-matter interactions, facilitating many applications where multiple input wavelengths are required, e.g. sum or difference frequency generations in nonlinear optics. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resonance

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Noise can speed Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation and quantum annealing

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Physical Review E 2019年第5期100卷 053309-053309页

作者： Brandon Franzke Bart Kosko Center for Quantum Information Science and Technology Signal and Image Processing Institute Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles California 90089 USA

Carefully injected noise can speed the average convergence of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimates and simulated annealing optimization. This includes quantum annealing and the MCMC special case of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. MCMC seeks the solution to a computational problem as the equilibrium probability density of a reversible Markov chain. The algorithm must cycle through a long burn-in phase until it reaches equilibrium because the Markov samples are statistically correlated. The special injected noise reduces this burn-in period in MCMC. A related theorem shows that it reduces the cooling time in simulated annealing. Simulations showed that optimal noise gave a 76% speed-up in finding the global minimum in the Schwefel optimization benchmark. The noise-boosted simulations found the global minimum in 99.8% of trials compared with only 95.4% of trials in noiseless simulated annealing. Simulations also showed that the noise boost is robust to accelerated cooling schedules and that noise decreased convergence times by more than 32% under aggressive geometric cooling. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that optimal noise gave a 42% speed-up in finding the minimum potential energy configuration of an eight-argon-atom gas system with a Lennard-Jones 12-6 potential. The annealing speed-up also extends to quantum Monte Carlo implementations of quantum annealing. Noise improved ground-state energy estimates in a 1024-spin simulated quantum annealing simulation by 25.6%. The quantum noise flips spins along a Trotter ring. The noisy MCMC algorithm brings each Markov step closer on average to equilibrium if an inequality holds between two expectations. Gaussian or Cauchy jump probabilities reduce the noise-benefit inequality to a simple quadratic inequality. Simulations show that noise-boosted simulated annealing is more likely than noiseless annealing to sample high probability regions of the search space and to accept solutions that increase the search bre

关键词： Fluctuations & noise Noise

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QUBIQ: Uncertainty Quantification for Biomedical image Segmentation Challenge

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Hongwei Bran Navarro, Fernando Ezhov, Ivan Bayat, Amirhossein Das, Dhritiman Kofler, Florian Shit, Suprosanna Waldmannstetter, Diana Paetzold, Johannes C. Hu, Xiaobin Wiestler, Benedikt Zimmer, Lucas Amiranashvili, Tamaz Prabhakar, Chinmay Berger, Christoph Weidner, Jonas Alonso-Basanta, Michelle Rashid, Arif Baid, Ujjwal Adel, Wesam Alis, Deniz Baheti, Bhakti Bai, Yingbin Bhat, Ishaan Cetindag, Sabri Can Chen, Wenting Cheng, Li Dutande, Prasad Dular, Lara Elattar, Mustafa A. Feng, Ming Gao, Shengbo Huisman, Henkjan Hu, Weifeng Innani, Shubham Ji, Wei Karimi, Davood Kuijf, Hugo J. Kwak, Jin Tae Le, Hoang Long Li, Xiang Lin, Huiyan Liu, Tongliang Ma, Jun Ma, Kai Ma, Ting Oksuz, Ilkay Holland, Robbie Oliveira, Arlindo L. Pal, Jimut Bahan Pei, Xuan Qiao, Maoying Saha, Anindo Selvan, Raghavendra Shen, Linlin Silva, Joao Lourenco Spiclin, Ziga Talbar, Sanjay Wang, Dadong Wang, Wei Wang, Xiong Wang, Yin Xi, Ruiling Xu, Kele Yang, Yanwu Yergin, Mert Yu, Shuang Zeng, Lingxi Zhang, YingLin Zhao, Jiachen Zheng, Yefeng Zukovec, Martin Do, Richard Becker, Anton Simpson, Amber Konukoglu, Ender Jakab, Andras Bakas, Spyridon Joskowicz, Leo Menze, Bjoern Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Germany Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School United States Department of Quantitative Biomedicine University of Zurich Switzerland University Children’s Hospital Zurich University of Zurich Switzerland Department of Radioncology and Radiation Theraphy Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University of Munich Germany Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH-Zurich Switzerland Department of Radiology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York City United States Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen’s University Canada TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research Technical University of Munich Germany McGovern Institute Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unveristy Zurich Hospital Switzerland BioMedIA Imperial College London United Kingdom Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pennsylvania PA United States University of Pennsylvania PA United States Department of Radiation Oncology Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University Georgia United States Nile University Cairo Egypt Department of Medical Sciences Acibadem University Istanbul Turkey Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology Maharashtra Nanded India Trustworthy Machine Learning Lab University of Sydney Australia Image Sciences Institute University Medical Center Utrecht Netherlands Computer Engineering Department Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey School of Computer Science Shenzhen University Shenzhen China University of Alberta United States University of Ljubljana Faculty of Electrical Engineering Ljubljana Slovenia Tongji University Shanghai China OPPO Research Institute Shanghai China School of Biological and Medical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Harvard Medical School Boston

Uncertainty in medical image segmentation tasks, especially inter-rater variability, arising from differences in interpretations and annotations by various experts, presents a significant challenge in achieving consistent and reliable image segmentation. This variability not only reflects the inherent complexity and subjective nature of medical image interpretation but also directly impacts the development and evaluation of automated segmentation algorithms. Accurately modeling and quantifying this variability is essential for enhancing the robustness and clinical applicability of these algorithms. We report the set-up and summarize the benchmark results of the Quantification of Uncertainties in Biomedical image Quantification Challenge (QUBIQ), which was organized in conjunction with International Conferences on Medical image Computing and computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) 2020 and 2021. The challenge focuses on the uncertainty quantification of medical image segmentation which considers the omnipresence of inter-rater variability in imaging datasets. The large collection of images with multi-rater annotations features various modalities such as MRI and CT;various organs such as the brain, prostate, kidney, and pancreas;and different image dimensions 2D-vs-3D. A total of 24 teams submitted different solutions to the problem, combining various baseline models, Bayesian neural networks, and ensemble model techniques. The obtained results indicate the importance of the ensemble models, as well as the need for further research to develop efficient 3D methods for uncertainty quantification methods in 3D segmentation tasks. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： image segmentation

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Minutiae Triangle Graphs: A New Fingerprint Representation with Invariance Properties

Minutiae Triangle Graphs: A New Fingerprint Representation w...

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International Conference on image and Vision Computing New Zealand, IVCNZ

作者： Akmal-Jahan Mohamed-Abdul-Cader Watcharapong Chaidee Jasmine Banks Vinod Chandran Vision and Signal Processing Lab School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand

A new algorithm for matching finger or palm prints is presented for use where the full hand is considered as a biometric and only parts may be available in images for comparison. The algorithm uses an extended version of the minutiae-based approach treating the pattern as a graph of minutiae-like points. The procedure to identify minutiae-like points uses Gabor filtering, edge detection and thinning and following line patterns. A set of such points is subjected to Delaunay triangulation yielding a starting set of base-triangles for matching. There can be multiple matches of such triangles between the template and test - as similar triangles with a tolerance in the angles. Graphs are then grown to 5 and more nodes as long as a match can be found, until the maximum size matching graph is obtained. If the test matches a significant part of the template, the maximum order of graph matched will be high. The matching process is robust to transformations such as rotation, translation and scale changes. It can be applied to any part of the hand provided minutiae-like points are identifiable prior to the matching steps. The algorithm is tested using 158 fingerprint images from FVC 2002 DB1. 100 genuine and 5048 impostor scores are generated from 46 templates and 112 testing images. It had an EER of about 6%. It proves the principle behind the methodology and demonstrates that the method can be effective with degraded fingerprint images and is robust to similarity transformations present in the data. It can be applied for forensic fingerprint matching from the palm or parts other than the fingertips. By using multiple parts and multiple templates, the accuracy of the method will be improved with fusion in future versions of the algorithm.

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