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Beam Pattern Modulation Embedded Hybrid Transceiver Optimization for Integrated Sensing and Communication

IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年第6期24卷 4966-4980页

作者： Liu, Boxun Gao, Shijian Yang, Zonghui Cheng, Xiang Yang, Liuqing Peking University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Beijing100871 China Internet of Things Thrust Guangzhou511400 China Internet of Things Thrust Intelligent Transportation Thrust Guangzhou511400 China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering SAR Hong Kong Hong Kong

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) emerges as a promising technology for 6G, particularly in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band. However, the widely utilized hybrid architecture in mmWave systems compromises multiplexing gain due to the constraints of limited radio-frequency (RF) chains. Moreover, additional sensing functionalities exacerbate the impairment of spectrum efficiency (SE). In this paper, we present an optimized beam pattern modulation-embedded ISAC (BPM-ISAC) transceiver design, which spares one RF chain for sensing and uses the remaining ones for communication. To compensate for the reduced SE, index modulation across communication beams is applied. We formulate an optimization problem aimed at minimizing the mean squared error (MSE) of the sensing beampattern, subject to a symbol MSE constraint. This problem is then solved by sequentially optimizing the analog and digital parts. Both the multi-aperture structure (MAS) and the multi-beam structure (MBS) are considered in the analog part. We conduct theoretical analysis on the asymptotic pairwise error probability (APEP) and the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) of direction of arrival (DoA) estimation. Numerical simulations validate the overall enhanced ISAC performance over existing alternatives. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mean square error

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Formation Control of Second-Order Nonholonomic systems with a Novel Model-Based Event-Triggered Mechanism 7th

Formation Control of Second-Order Nonholonomic Systems with...

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7th Chinese Conference on Swarm Intelligence and Cooperative Control, CCSICC 2023

作者： Xiao, Feng Sun, Sijia Wang, Xiaoyu State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing China School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819733392

The formation control problem of second-order nonholonomic systems formulated by a force-balance equation is investigated with network communication constraints. A novel event-triggered mechanism based on polynomial interpolation predictive models is presented. To address the stabilization obstacles imposed by the nonholonomic constraints, persistently exciting (PE) functions are utilized to design the distributed control protocols. Under the designed event-triggered mechanism, the system does not exhibit Zeno behavior. Sufficient conditions for second-order nonholonomic systems to achieve stable formation are obtained based on Barbalat’s lemma. Finally, numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Distributed parameter control systems

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Randomized-enhanced Magnitude Channel Pruning for Radar Jamming Detection 7

Randomized-enhanced Magnitude Channel Pruning for Radar Jamm...

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7th IEEE International Conference on Electronic Information and Communication Technology, ICEICT 2024

作者： Ni, Xun Wu, Hao Zhu, Xuan Shi, Zhaopeng Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan China Naval University of Engineering National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Energy Wuhan China Wuhan University School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan China Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Electronic Information and Communications Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384437

With the rapid development of radar jamming technology, traditional detection techniques face significant limitations in complex electromagnetic environments. Recent interference detection methods based on deep learning struggle with processing speed and real-time performance. To address this, we propose a new pruning technique called randomized-enhanced magnitude channel pruning (RMP) to achieve faster detection speeds and more lightweight models. This study evaluates the performance of RMP compared to random channel pruning and magnitude channel pruning in radar jamming detection. To verify RMP's generalization, we also tested it on the VOC2007 [16] object detection task. Results show that RMP consistently reduces mAP@50 loss more effectively than other methods. In one iteration pruning, RMP reduced mAP@50 loss by an average of 0.8% and 1% in radar jamming detection, and by 0.4% and 3.1% in the VOC2007 dataset, compared to random and magnitude pruning, respectively. In multi-pass pruning, RMP reduced mAP@50 loss by an average of 0.3% in radar jamming detection, and by 0.7% and 1.6% in the VOC2007 dataset, compared to random and magnitude pruning, respectively. These findings confirm RMP's effectiveness in maintaining model accuracy and its practical value in fast-response scenarios like radar jamming detection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Jamming

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An Efficient AES 32-Bit Architecture Resistant to Fault Attacks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 3667-3683页

作者： Hassen Mestiri Imen Barraj Abdullah Alsir Mohamed Mohsen Machhout Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Sousse University of SousseTunisia Electronics and Micro-Electronics Laboratory Faculty of Sciences of MonastirUniversity of MonastirTunisia METS Research Group Electrical Engineering DepartmentNational Engineers School of SfaxUniversity of SfaxTunisia Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Gabes University of GabesTunisia

The Advanced Encryption Standard cryptographic algorithm,named AES,is implemented in cryptographic circuits to ensure high security level to any system which required confidentiality and secure information *** of the most effective physical attacks against the hardware implementation of AES is fault attacks which can extract secret *** now,a several AES fault detection schemes against fault injection attacks have been *** this paper,so as to ensure a high level of security against fault injection attacks,a new efficient fault detection scheme based on the AES architecture modification has been *** this reason,the AES 32-bit round is divided into two half rounds and input and pipeline registers are implemented between *** proposed scheme is independent of the procedure the AES is ***,it can be implemented to secure the pipeline and iterative *** evaluate the robustness of the proposed fault detection scheme against fault injection attacks,we conduct a transient and permanent fault attacks and then we determine the fault detection capability;it is about 99.88585%and 99.9069%for transient and permanent faults *** have modeled the AES fault detection scheme using VHDL hardware language and through hardware FPGA *** FPGA results demonstrate that our scheme can efficiently protect the AES hardware implementation against fault *** can be simply implemented with low *** addition,the FPGA implementation performances prove the low area overhead and the high efficiency and working frequency for the proposed AES detection scheme.

关键词： Security cryptographic circuits AES hardware implementation fault detection fault attacks

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MARS: Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Real-Time Workflow Scheduling in Hybrid Clouds with Privacy Protection 30

MARS: Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Real-Time ...

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30th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed systems, ICPADS 2024

作者： Cheng, Long He, Haoyang Gu, Yan Liu, Qingzhi Zhao, Zhiming Fang, Fang North China Electric Power University State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources School of Control and Computer Engineering Beijing China Wageningen University and Research Information Technology Group Netherlands University of Amsterdam Research Group of Multi-Scale Networked Systems Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515966

Scheduling workflows in hybrid cloud environments presents significant challenges due to the inherent complexity of workflows and the dynamic nature of cloud resources. This complexity is further increased when attempting to balance workflow performance with privacy protection. Recent efforts have leveraged deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to address these challenges. However, most of these approaches rely on single-agent models, which can lead to security issues and scalability problems due to their centralized processing. Specifically, the properties of workflows are transferred to the single agent, which risks leaking privacy information. Our paper addresses these issues by introducing MARS, a real-time workflow scheduling method that prioritizes privacy protection in hybrid clouds. MARS leverages multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) to optimize the workflow scheduling of cloud virtual machines (VMs). The benefit of our solution is that it relies on the collaborative learning of multi-agents on multiple VMs, which could assign user data to specific cloud servers for privacy protection while sharing training experiences between agents. In our implementation, MARS aims to reduce workflow completion time and operational costs while complying with strict privacy protection guidelines. The experimental results demonstrate that MARS can significantly surpass existing methods, reducing makespan by an average of 53.18% and costs by 61.98% compared to basic techniques, and achieving 20.26% and 25.71% improvements over the latest advanced methods, respectively. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Mid-infrared Photons Released by NAD^(+)Reduction in the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle of Myelinated Neuron

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第7期39卷 1146-1150页

作者： Daoling Peng Wenpeng Qi Feng Zhang Bo Song Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of EducationSchool of EnvironmentSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instruments for Medicine Ministry of EducationShanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical SystemsSchool of Optical-Electrical Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Dear Editor,Life can utilize energy with high efficiency,especially with the help of aerobic respiration,where the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle acts as an important metabolic engine for mitochondria to produce the cell energy currency of adenosine triphosphate(ATP),and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD)plays a particular role of energy management molecule in the TCA cycle[1].

关键词： carboxylic utilize cycle

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HIDING IN PLAIN SIGHT: REFRAMING HARDWARE TROJAN BENCHMARKING AS A HIDE&SEEK MODIFICATION

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sarihi, Amin Patooghy, Ahmad Jamieson, Peter Badawy, Abdel-Hameed A. Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Mexico State University United States Computer Systems Technology North Carolina A&T University United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Miami University United States

This work focuses on advancing security research in the hardware design space by formally defining the realistic problem of Hardware Trojan (HT) detection. The goal is to model HT detection more closely to the real world, i.e., describing the problem as The Seeker’s Dilemma where a detecting agent is unaware of whether circuits are infected by HTs or not. Using this theoretical problem formulation, we create a benchmark that consists of a mixture of HT-free and HT-infected restructured circuits while preserving their original functionalities. The restructured circuits are randomly infected by HTs, causing a situation where the defender is uncertain if a circuit is infected or not. We believe that our innovative benchmark and methodology of creating benchmarks will help the community judge the detection quality of different methods by comparing their success rates in circuit classification. We use our developed benchmark to evaluate three state-of-the-art HT detection tools to show baseline results for this approach. We use Principal Component Analysis to assess the strength of our benchmark, where we observe that some restructured HT-infected circuits are mapped closely to HT-free circuits, leading to significant label misclassification by detectors. © 2024, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Hardware security

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A multi-context Severity-based SLO Violation Detector

A multi-context Severity-based SLO Violation Detector

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IEEE Symposium on computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Andreas Tsagkaropoulos Yiannis Verginadis Gregoris Mentzas Institute of Communication and Computer Systems School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Zografou Athens Greece Institute of Communication and Computer Systems Athens University of Business and Economics Zografou Athens Greece

ISBN: (数字)9798350354232

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354249

As cloud computing continuum services become ever more important, the need of platforms that facilitate and manage their proper operation is unquestionable. An integral part of these platforms is a series of tools which will complement day one and day two operations in the context of the application software lifecycle. This work introduces an approach towards a Service Level Objective (SLO) Violation Detection system, based on the perceived Severity of an imminent or predicted violation. This system leverages insights to stay operational and triggers appropriate reconfiguration actions by continuously considering the required conditions of good operation. The detailed architecture of the system, its operation overview as well as the required interactions with other components – parts of an adaptation ecosystem of a cloud platform, are provided. Finally, potential future improvements are discussed. Keywords—application reconfiguration, modelling, elasticity, cloud computing, service adaptation

关键词： Measurement computers Cloud computing DevOps Computational modeling Biological system modeling Ecosystems Detectors computer architecture Elasticity

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Study on neural information decoding of ground and flight motion state of pigeons in free-moving in the field 22

Study on neural information decoding of ground and flight mo...

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7th International Conference on Cyber Security and Information engineering, ICCSIE 2022

作者： Ma, Erteng Yang, Lifang Shang, Zhigang School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China Henan Key Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interface Technology Zhengzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450397414

The neural information decoding of birds in natural flight is very significant for the development of new biological robots, but there is little research at present. In this paper, we recorded the local field potential signals of pigeons under free movement in the wild;and constructed the brain function connectivity network underground and flight motion state by using the coherence between channels. The analysis shows that the information transmission of pigeons' brains is higher during flight, and its gamma-band contains more movement-related information. Finally, the clustering coefficients and global efficiency features of the gamma band are extracted for decoding. The average decoding accuracy of the three pigeons is 82.66%. This work can provide theoretical support for bird neural information decoding in the future natural environment. © 2022 ACM.

关键词： Birds

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Quantum Driven Dynamic Passivity Based Neuromechanical Control for Wrist Rehabilitation Robot

IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics 2025年

作者： Khan, Naveed Ahmad Hussain, Fahad Goyal, Tanishka Jamwal, Prashant K. Hussain, Shahid University of Canberra School of Information Technology and Systems ACT Canberra Australia Nazarbayev University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Astana010000 Kazakhstan

Robotic-assisted rehabilitation for wrist movements demands adaptive systems capable of balancing patient autonomy with robotic support. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into robotic-assisted rehabilitation offers transformative potential in delivering personalized, dynamic, and effective therapeutic interventions. This study introduces a novel neuromechanical control framework integrating a passivity observer with Quantum-Enhanced Deep Reinforcement Learning (QDRL) for adaptive impedance scaling in wrist rehabilitation robotics. The passivity observer continuously monitors energy exchanges to classify patient states into passive (patient requiring robotic assistance) and non-passive (patient actively participating) categories, dynamically guiding the robot’s impedance adjustments. Experiments were conducted with ten unimpaired human subjects (eight male and two female), who were instructed to simulate rehabilitation scenarios, focusing on three key wrist movements, flexion/extension (FL/EX), abduction/adduction (AB/AD), and pronation/supination (PR/SU). Experimental results showed high correlations ( > 0.83 ) between energy-based and electromyography (EMG)-based passivity classifications, confirming the reliability of the proposed approach. Furthermore, the designed QDRL model significantly outperformed traditional reinforcement learning methods, achieving superior adaptability, stability, and higher average rewards during robotic impedance control. The framework offers advancement in optimizing robotic assistance during motor recovery, promoting personalized rehabilitation by tailoring interventions to the specific needs of each patient. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Electromyography

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