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BEDiff: denoising diffusion probabilistic models for building extraction

Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第5期21卷 298-305页

作者： LEI Yanjing WANG Yuan CHAN Sixian HU Jie ZHOU Xiaolong ZHANG Hongkai College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vision Based Monitoring for Hydroelectric Engineering College of Computer and Information China Three Gorges University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Informatics for Safety & Emergency of Zhejiang Province Wenzhou University College of Electrical and Information Engineering Quzhou University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Anhui Jianzhu University

Accurately identifying building distribution from remote sensing images with complex background information is challenging. The emergence of diffusion models has prompted the innovative idea of employing the reverse denoising process to distill building distribution from these complex backgrounds. Building on this concept, we propose a novel framework, building extraction diffusion model(BEDiff), which meticulously refines the extraction of building footprints from remote sensing images in a stepwise fashion. Our approach begins with the design of booster guidance, a mechanism that extracts structural and semantic features from remote sensing images to serve as priors, thereby providing targeted guidance for the diffusion process. Additionally, we introduce a cross-feature fusion module(CFM) that bridges the semantic gap between different types of features, facilitating the integration of the attributes extracted by booster guidance into the diffusion process more effectively. Our proposed BEDiff marks the first application of diffusion models to the task of building extraction. Empirical evidence from extensive experiments on the Beijing building dataset demonstrates the superior performance of BEDiff, affirming its effectiveness and potential for enhancing the accuracy of building extraction in complex urban landscapes.

关键词： A

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Enhanced scattering from an almost-periodic optical temporal slab

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Physical Review A 2024年第4期110卷 L041501页

作者： Stefanos Fr. Koufidis Theodoros T. Koutserimpas Francesco Monticone Martin W. McCall Blackett Laboratory Department of Physics School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

We showcase the impact of almost-periodicity on the parametric amplification associated with the first-order momentum gap in photonic time-crystals with time-varying permittivity. Utilizing a vectorial coupled-wave theory approach, we rigorously analyze the scattering by a temporal slab of the considered medium. We pinpoint a critical regime wherein flaws in material tuning paradoxically enhance amplification due to the coupling of fewer, broader modes, resulting in a higher and broader pulselike amplification envelope. Additionally, we demonstrate that the intensity reflectances of time-reversed waves corresponding to secondary “Bragg” resonances achieve remarkably high levels of subharmonic parametric amplification, with the epsilon-near-zero regime serving as a preferred candidate for experimental implementation. Our counterintuitive findings highlight the potential of intentionally leveraging modulation desynchronization and impurities in the temporal unit cell of photonic time-crystals to enhance both the level and the bandwidth of amplification.

关键词： Light propagation, transmission & absorption Metamaterials Time crystals Bragg structures Optical parametric oscillators & amplifiers Perturbative methods Rigorous coupled-wave analysis

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Counterfactual Edits for Generative Evaluation

Counterfactual Edits for Generative Evaluation

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AAAI 2023 Spring Symposium on Challenges Requiring the Combination of Machine Learning and Knowledge engineering, AAAI-MAKE 2023

作者： Lymperaiou, Maria Filandrianos, Giorgos Thomas, Konstantinos Stamou, Giorgos AILS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Greece

Evaluation of generative models has been an underrepresented field despite the surge of generative architectures. Most recent models are evaluated upon rather obsolete metrics which suffer from robustness issues, while being unable to assess more aspects of visual quality, such as compositionality and logic of synthesis. At the same time, the explainability of generative models remains a limited, though important, research direction with several current attempts requiring access to the inner functionalities of generative models. Contrary to prior literature, we view generative models as a black box, and we propose a framework for the evaluation and explanation of synthesized results based on concepts instead of pixels. Our framework exploits knowledge-based counterfactual edits that underline which objects or attributes should be inserted, removed, or replaced from generated images to approach their ground truth conditioning. Moreover, global explanations produced by accumulating local edits can also reveal what concepts a model cannot generate in total. The application of our framework on various models designed for the challenging tasks of Story Visualization and Scene Synthesis verifies the power of our approach in the model-agnostic setting. © 2023 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Visualization

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Enhancing Impulse Response-Based SSVEP Decoding Method by Incorporating Temporal Local Correlation 7

Enhancing Impulse Response-Based SSVEP Decoding Method by In...

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7th International Conference on Biological Information and Biomedical engineering, BIBE 2024

作者： Huang, Jiayang Wang, Jiaxi Yang, Pengfei Xiong, Bang Zhang, Zhi-Qiang School of Computer Science and Technology The Key Laboratory of Smart Human-Computer Interaction Wearable Technology of Shaanxi Province Xidian University China School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Institute of Robotics Autonomous Systems and Sensing University of Leeds United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783800762910

Various training-based spatial filtering methods have been proposed to classify steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, many overlook the temporal instability of SSVEPs, leading to decreased classification performance. Therefore, we propose an SSVEP decoding method that calculates template signals and spatial filters using the subject's impulse responses and periodic impulses, incorporating the temporally local correlation coefficient in the SSVEP decoding process. Then, we employ a combined correlation coefficient for SSVEP classification. The proposed method addresses the temporal instability of SSVEPs, with template signals that exhibit strong individual characteristics. Utilizing a public benchmark dataset, we achieved a classification accuracy of 87.43% and an ITR of 256.1 bits/min at 1s time window, demonstrating the performance of this method. Compared to other classical spatial filtering methods, the proposed method demonstrates superior classification performance, which can enhance the practical usability of SSVEP-BCI systems. © VDE VERLAG GMBH.

关键词： Wiener filtering

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An Opposition-Based Learning Adaptive Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2024年第6期21卷 3076-3097页

作者： Chongyang Jiao Kunjie Yu Qinglei Zhou State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou450001China Henan Information Engineering School Zhengzhou Vocational College of Industrial SafetyZhengzhou450000China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

To solve the shortcomings of Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm,local optimization and slow convergence,an Opposition-based Learning Adaptive Chaotic PSO(LCPSO)algorithm was *** chaotic elite opposition-based learning process was applied to initialize the entire population,which enhanced the quality of the initial individuals and the population diversity,made the initial individuals distribute in the better quality areas,and accelerated the search efficiency of the *** inertia weights were adaptively customized during evolution in the light of the degree of premature convergence to balance the local and global search abilities of the algorithm,and the reverse search strategy was introduced to increase the chances of the algorithm escaping the local *** LCPSO algorithm is contrasted to other intelligent algorithms on 10 benchmark test functions with different characteristics,and the simulation experiments display that the proposed algorithm is superior to other intelligence algorithms in the global search ability,search accuracy and convergence *** addition,the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are also verified by the simulation results of engineering design problems.

关键词： PSO Opposition-based learning Chaotic motion Inertia weight Intelligent algorithm

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The Contribution of Knowledge in Visiolinguistic Learning: A Survey on Tasks and Challenges

The Contribution of Knowledge in Visiolinguistic Learning: A...

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AAAI 2023 Spring Symposium on Challenges Requiring the Combination of Machine Learning and Knowledge engineering, AAAI-MAKE 2023

作者： Lymperaiou, Maria Stamou, Giorgos AILS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Greece

Recent advancements in visiolinguistic (VL) learning have allowed the development of multiple models and techniques that offer several impressive implementations, able to currently resolve a variety of tasks that require the collaboration of vision and language. Current datasets used for VL pre-training only contain a limited amount of visual and linguistic knowledge, thus significantly limiting the generalization capabilities of many VL models. External knowledge sources such as knowledge graphs (KGs) and Large Language Models (LLMs) are able to cover such generalization gaps by filling in missing knowledge, resulting in the emergence of hybrid architectures. In the current survey, we analyze tasks that have benefited from such hybrid approaches. Moreover, we categorize existing knowledge sources and types, proceeding to discussion regarding the KG vs LLM dilemma and its potential impact to future hybrid approaches. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Assessing the Performance of AI-Generated Code: A Case Study on GitHub Copilot 35

Assessing the Performance of AI-Generated Code: A Case Study...

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35th IEEE International Symposium on Software Reliability engineering, ISSRE 2024

作者： Li, Shuang Cheng, Yuntao Chen, Jinfu Xuan, Jifeng He, Sen Shang, Weiyi Wuhan University School of Computer Science Wuhan China University of Arizona Department of Systems and Industrial Engineering Tucson United States University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Waterloo Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353884

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software development tools like GitHub Copilot holds the promise of transforming code generation processes. While AI-driven code generation presents numerous advantages for software development, code generated by large language models may introduce challenges related to security, privacy, and copyright issues. However, the performance implications of AI-generated code remain insufficiently explored. This study conducts an empirical analysis focusing on the performance regressions of code generated by GitHub Copilot across three distinct datasets: HumanEval, AixBench, and MBPP. We adopt a comprehensive methodology encompassing static and dynamic performance analyses to assess the effectiveness of the generated code. Our findings reveal that although the generated code is functionally correct, it frequently exhibits performance regressions compared to code solutions crafted by humans. We further investigate the code-level root causes responsible for these performance regressions. We identify four major root causes, i.e., inefficient function calls, inefficient looping, inefficient algorithm, and inefficient use of language features. We further identify a total of ten sub-categories of root causes attributed to the performance regressions of generated code. Additionally, we explore prompt engineering as a potential strategy for optimizing performance. The outcomes suggest that meticulous prompt designs can enhance the performance of AI-generated code. This research offers valuable insights contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of AI-assisted code generation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Software design

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Comparing YOLO-based Detectors for Pedestrian and Car Detection in Aerial Static Video: An Evaluation of Generalization Capacity and Performance

Comparing YOLO-based Detectors for Pedestrian and Car Detect...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Imaging systems and Techniques, IST 2023

作者： Tzedakis, Georgios Tzamali, Eleftheria Spanakis, Emmanouil G. Antonakakis, Marios Zervakis, Michalis Sakkalis, Vangelis Computational Biomedicine Laboratory Heraklion Greece School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Chania Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330830

Over the last decades, the famous deep-learning framework of 'You Only Look Once'-YOLO for object detection has gasped important interest due to its vital performance for object detection. In this paper, we compare three deep learning architectures of YOLO family for the task of pedestrian and car detection from static video frames. We have chosen YOLOv5s, YOLOv5su, and YOLOv8s architectures as they can perform real-Time detection, which is the focus of our study. Our training and evaluation were conducted on a dataset from Stanford University, which includes a combination of eight birds-eye view scenes. The dataset was separated into train, validation, and test sets, and the discrepancies between validation and test results were used to evaluate the generalization capacity of each architecture. For the purpose of evaluating the generalization capacity of the model, we isolated one scene as the test set, ensuring it was not seen during the training phase. Our experimental results show that the recent YOLOv5su and YOLOv8s do not outperform YOLOv5s in terms of accuracy and generalization despite their anchorless architecture. The challenges faced by all the architectures in terms of generalization can be ascribed to a combination of factors, namely the model's capability to differentiate the background and the static characteristics of the dataset frames. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Sub-50 nm optical imaging in ambient air with 10× objective lens enabled by hyper-hemi-microsphere

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第3期12卷 398-408页

作者： Guangxing Wu Yan Zhou Minghui Hong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore117576Singapore School of Aerospace Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Present address:Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055China

Optical microsphere nanoscope has great potential in the inspection of integrated circuit chips for semiconductor industry and morphological characterization in biology due to its superior resolving power and label-free ***,its resolution in ambient air is restricted by the magnification and numerical aperture(NA)of *** magnification objective lens is required to be coupled with microsphere for nano-imaging beyond the diffraction *** overcome these challenges,in this work,high refractive index hyper-hemi-microspheres with tunable magnification up to 10×are proposed and realized by accurately tailoring their thickness with focused ion beam(FIB)*** effective refractive index is put forward to guide the design of *** demonstrate that the imaging resolution and contrast of a hyper-hemi-microsphere with a higher magnification and larger NA excel those of a microsphere in ***,the hyper-hemi-microsphere could resolve~50 nm feature with higher image fidelity and contrast compared with liquid immersed high refractive index *** a hyper-hemi-microsphere composed microscale compound lens configuration,sub-50 nm optical imaging in ambient air is realized by only coupling with a 10×objective lens(NA=0.3),which enhances a conventional microscope imaging power about an order of magnitude.

关键词： ambient immersed refractive

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Privacy-Preserving Multi-Keyword Fuzzy Adjacency Search Strategy for Encrypted Graph in Cloud Environment

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3177-3194页

作者： Bin Wu Xianyi Chen Jinzhou Huang Caicai Zhang Jing Wang Jing Yu Zhiqiang Zhao Zhuolin Mei School of Computer and Big Data Science Jiujiang UniversityJiujiang332005China Jiujiang Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security Jiujiang332005China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Computer Engineering Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang441053China School of Modern Information Technology Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringHangzhou310053China Information Center Jiangxi Changjiang Chemical Co.Ltd.Jiujiang332005China School of Mathematics and Computer Science Ningxia Normal UniversityGuyuan756099China

In a cloud environment,outsourced graph data is widely used in companies,enterprises,medical institutions,and so *** owners and users can save costs and improve efficiency by storing large amounts of graph data on cloud *** on cloud platforms usually have some subjective or objective attacks,which make the outsourced graph data in an insecure *** issue of privacy data protection has become an important obstacle to data sharing and *** to query outsourcing graph data safely and effectively has become the focus of *** query is a basic and frequently used operation in graph,and it will effectively promote the query range and query ability if multi-keyword fuzzy search can be supported at the same *** work proposes to protect the privacy information of outsourcing graph data by encryption,mainly studies the problem of multi-keyword fuzzy adjacency query,and puts forward a *** our scheme,we use the Bloom filter and encryption mechanism to build a secure index and query token,and adjacency queries are implemented through indexes and query tokens on the cloud *** proposed scheme is proved by formal analysis,and the performance and effectiveness of the scheme are illustrated by experimental *** research results of this work will provide solid theoretical and technical support for the further popularization and application of encrypted graph data processing technology.

关键词： Privacy-preserving adjacency query multi-keyword fuzzy search encrypted graph

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