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STARS Assisted Semi-Grant-Free NOMA Communications

IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年第6期24卷 4904-4919页

作者： Xie, Jin Yue, Xinwei Zhao, Jingjing Zou, Yixuan Liu, Yuanwei Liu, Rongke Ding, Zhiguo Key Laboratory of Information and Communication Systems China Beijing Information Science and Technology University Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology Ministry of Education Beijing100101 China Beihang University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100191 China Queen Mary University of London School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom The University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong Kyung Hee University Department of Electronic Engineering Gyeonggi-do Yongin-si17104 Korea Republic of Khalifa University Department of Computer and Information Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

This paper investigates the performance of simultaneously transmitting and reflecting surface (STARS) assisted semi-grant-free non-orthogonal multiple access network with randomly distributed users. By deploying STARS, the transmit signals of grant-based user (GBU) and grant-free users (GFUs) can be exquisitely adjusted to reduce interference. We propose a maximum channel scheduling (MCS) protocol that allows a GFU to access GBU’s channel with the assistance of STARS. In particular, the impacts of perfect/imperfect successive interference cancellation (pSIC/ipSIC) on MCS protocol are taken into account. To characterize the performance of STARS aided MCS (STARS-MCS) network, we derive the expressions of outage probability for GBU and GFU with pSIC/ipSIC. By applying convolution theorem and Laplace transform, the asymptotic expressions of outage probability and diversity orders for GBU and GFU are attained. We further design a STARS-based power control (SPC) strategy to eliminate the outage probability error floor and improve the outage performance. Numerical results show that: 1) The performance of STARS-MCS outperforms the existing benchmarks in terms of outage probability and system throughput;2) The SPC strategy can effectively improve the performance of the STARS-MCS network and eliminate the outage probability error floor at high signal-to-noise ratios;and 3) By adjusting reflection and transmission coefficients of STARS, the outage performance of GBU and GFU can be greatly enhanced. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laplace transforms

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Contrastive Learning of Person-independent Representations for Facial Action Unit Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Yong Shan, Shiguang The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing100190 China The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China

Facial action unit (AU) detection, aiming to classify AU present in the facial image, has long suffered from insufficient AU annotations. In this paper, we aim to mitigate this data scarcity issue by learning AU representations from a large number of unlabelled facial videos in a contrastive learning paradigm. We formulate the self-supervised AU representation learning signals in two-fold: (1) AU representation should be frame-wisely discriminative within a short video clip;(2) Facial frames sampled from different identities but show analogous facial AUs should have consistent AU representations. As to achieve these goals, we propose to contrastively learn the AU representation within a video clip and devise a cross-identity reconstruction mechanism to learn the person-independent representations. Specially, we adopt a margin-based temporal contrastive learning paradigm to perceive the temporal AU coherence and evolution characteristics within a clip that consists of consecutive input facial frames. Moreover, the cross-identity reconstruction mechanism facilitates pushing the faces from different identities but show analogous AUs close in the latent embedding space. Experimental results on three public AU datasets demonstrate that the learned AU representation is discriminative for AU detection. Our method outperforms other contrastive learning methods and significantly closes the performance gap between the self-supervised and supervised AU detection approaches. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Learning systems

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An optimal power supervising strategy for a smart home assessed based on BPMN Framework

An optimal power supervising strategy for a smart home asses...

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International Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and computer engineering (STA)

作者： Leila Lanouar Mouna Rekik Olfa Bouchaala Lotfi Krichen Multimédia & Web Department University of Gabes Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Gabes (ISIMG) Gabes Tunis Electrical Engineering Department Electrical systems and renewable energies Laboratory (LSEER) University of Sfax University of Gabes National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS) Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Gabes (ISIMG) Sfax Gabes Tunis Department of Computer Engineering and Applied Mathematics Research Laboratory on Development and Control and Distributed Applications (ReDCAD) University of Sfax National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS) Sfax Tunis Electrical Engineering Department Electrical systems and renewable energies Laboratory (LSEER) University of Sfax National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS) Sfax Tunis

ISBN: (纸本)9781665482622

For each smart home, the need of energy consumption supervision is necessary, which plays an important role to ensure the highest power quality and to enhance the stability of the whole grid. The current document implements a smart home supply strategy based on endless resources to reduce the electricity bill and confirm the energy balance. In this context, a proposed supervision algorithm operates in eight cases to reach optimal energy flow between renewable generators, home battery and grid in a smart home concept is presented. The system is evaluated using the framework “Business Process Model and Notation” (BPMN) Camunda basing on information stored in Firebase Cloud and results are presented in order to manifest the efficiency of this control strategy.

关键词： Renewable energy sources Energy consumption Power quality Process control Smart homes Power system stability Stability analysis

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LUCF-Net: Lightweight U-shaped Cascade Fusion Network for Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sun, Songkai She, Qingshan Ma, Yuliang Li, Rihui Zhang, Yingchun The School of Automation Hangzhou Dianzi University Zhejiang Hangzhou310018 China International Joint Research Laboratory for Autonomous Robotic Systems Zhejiang Hangzhou China The Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau China The Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Miami Coral GablesFL United States

In this study, the performance of existing U-shaped neural network architectures was enhanced for medical image segmentation by adding Transformer. Although Transformer architectures are powerful at extracting global information, its ability to capture local information is limited due to its high complexity. To address this challenge, we proposed a new lightweight U-shaped cascade fusion network (LUCF-Net) for medical image segmentation. It utilized an asymmetrical structural design and incorporated both local and global modules to enhance its capacity for local and global modeling. Additionally, a multi-layer cascade fusion decoding network was designed to further bolster the network's information fusion capabilities. Validation results achieved on multi-organ datasets in CT format, cardiac segmentation datasets in MRI format, and dermatology datasets in image format demonstrated that the proposed model outperformed other state-of-the-art methods in handling local-global information, achieving an improvement of 1.54% in Dice coefficient and 2.6 mm in Hausdorff distance on multi-organ segmentation. Furthermore, as a network that combines Convolutional Neural Network and Transformer architectures, it achieves competitive segmentation performance with only 6.93 million parameters and 6.6 gigabytes of floating point operations, without the need of pre-training. In summary, the proposed method demonstrated enhanced performance while retaining a simpler model design compared to other Transformer-based segmentation networks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Sliding Mode Control for a DC-DC Buck Converter Feeding a Constant Power Load: A Practical Implementation

Sliding Mode Control for a DC-DC Buck Converter Feeding a Co...

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Advanced Technology in Electronic and electrical engineering (ICATEEE), International Conference of

作者： Khalil Louassaa Aissa Chouder Mahdi Boukerdja Abdelhafid Cherifi Ali Aillane Electrical Engineering Department Electrical Engineering Laboratory University of M’sila M’sila Algeria Materials and Electronic Systems Laboratory University of Bordj Bou Arreridj Bordj Bou Arreridj Algeria Laboratory of Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering (LabSTA) National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS) University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia

DC microgrids have gained in popularity in recent years due to features such as greater reliability, high efficiency, and control simplicity. Constant power loads (CPLs), on the other hand, are a problem and an effective cause of instability in DC MGs. To address the aforementioned issue, this paper discusses the stabilization of a buck power converter that supplies CPL via a regulated boost power converter. A robust sliding mode control is proposed, which stabilizes the output voltage and ensures the CPL's required power. The system is investigated in the context of external perturbations such as fluctuating input voltage and sudden change in the CPL. The robustness and efficacy of the proposed method have been demonstrated to confirm the system's overall stability. Simulation and experimentation are employed to verify the provided controller. The results verify the suggested controller's superiority.

关键词： Damping Voltage measurement Perturbation methods Microgrids Stability analysis Robustness Steady-state

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A locked aptamer-magnetic nanoparticle assay for cardiac troponin I classification to support myocardial infarction diagnosis in resource-limited environments

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Biosensors and Bioelectronics 2025年 286卷 117590页

作者： Tripathy, Sayantan Wai, Ng Ka Sharma, Sahil Vu, Ngoc Nhu Jaitpal, Siddhant Zare, Fatemeh Singh, Muskaan McDaid, Liam Bhattacharyya, Saugat Coté, Gerard L. Mabbott, Samuel B. Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University 600 Discovery Drive College StationTX77840-3006 United States Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems Texas A&M University 600 Discovery Drive College StationTX77840-3006 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77840 United States School of Computing Engineering and Intelligent Systems Ulster University Northern Ireland LondonderryBT48 7JL United Kingdom

Clinical classification of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels is essential for accurately diagnosing acute myocardial infarction. This study introduces an innovative point-of-care test that combines an engineered locked aptamer, magnetic nanoparticle and isothermal, non-enzymatic hybridization chain reaction with surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering for the sensitive and specific detection of cTnI at clinically significant concentrations. This high sensitivity cTnI assay enabled accurate quantification of cTnI in 25 μL of cTnl doped serum, with a detection limit of 0.403 ng/L and a quantification limit of 1.22 ng/L with a dynamic range spanning from 0.5 ng/L to 50,000 ng/L. Further, optimized to classify cTnI levels beyond the established clinical threshold of 40 ng/L, the assay demonstrates its efficacy by accurately distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy individual clinical samples, achieving over 83 % accuracy and 86 % precision. This approach represents a significant advancement in the point-of-care diagnosis of myocardial infarction, offering a rapid, reliable, and accessible diagnostic tool for cardiac troponin testing. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticles

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Gaf-Net: Graph Attention Fusion Network for Multi-View Semi-Supervised Classification

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Song, Na Du, Shide Wu, Zhihao Zhong, Luying Wang, Shiping School of Computer Science and Technology Hainan University Hainan570228 China School of Mechanical Electrical and Information Engineering Putian University Putian351100 China College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou350116 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou University Fuzhou350116 China

Multi-view semi-supervised classification is a typical task to classify data using a small amount of supervised information, which has attracted a lot of attention from researchers in past years. In practice, existing methods focus more on extracting spatial or spectral features using graph convolutional neural networks without considering the diversity and variability of graph structures and the contributions of different views. To address this challenge, a network framework termed graph attention fusion network is proposed, which is comprised of two phases: view-specific feature embedding and graph embedding fusion. In the former feature extraction stage, view-specific feature embedding module can flexibly focus on the neighborhood calculation operation to learn a weight for each neighboring node. In the latter feature fusion stage, the graph embedding fusion module is performed by complementarity and consistency to fuse these embeddings for semi-supervised classification tasks. We conduct extensive experiments in terms of semi-supervised classification on real-world datasets to validate the superiority of the proposed method over various existing state-ofthe-art methods. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Machine Learning Methods for Background Potential Estimation in 2DEGs

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： da Cunha, Carlo Aoki, Nobuyuki Ferry, David Vora, Kevin Zhang, Yu School of Informatics Computing and Cyber-Systems Northern Arizona University FlagstaffAZ86011 United States Department of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering Chiba University Chiba Chiba263-8522 Japan School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Center for Solid State Electronics Research Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence Arizona State University TempeAZ85281 United States

In the realm of quantum-effect devices and materials, two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) stand as fundamental structures that promise transformative technologies. However, the presence of impurities and defects in 2DEGs poses substantial challenges, impacting carrier mobility, conductivity, and quantum coherence time. To address this, we harness the power of scanning gate microscopy (SGM) and employ three distinct machine learning techniques to estimate the background potential of 2DEGs from SGM data: image-to-image translation using generative adversarial neural networks, cellular neural network, and evolutionary search. Our findings, despite data constraints, highlight the effectiveness of an evolutionary search algorithm in this context, offering a novel approach for defect analysis. This work not only advances our understanding of 2DEGs but also underscores the potential of machine learning in probing quantum materials, with implications for quantum computing and nanoelectronics. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum chemistry

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GrabDAE: An Innovative Framework for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Utilizing Grab-Mask and Denoise Auto-Encoder

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Junzhou Wen, Xuan Zhang, Ronghui Ren, Bingtao Wu, Di Xu, Zhigang Wang, Danwei The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transport System School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510275 China The School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang University State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System Beijing100191 China The School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510006 China The Guangdong Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Guangdong510006 China The School of Information Engineering Chang’an University Shaanxi Xi’an710064 China The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) aims to adapt a model trained on a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain by addressing the domain shift. Existing Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) methods often fall short in fully leveraging contextual information from the target domain, leading to suboptimal decision boundary separation during source and target domain alignment. To address this, we introduce GrabDAE, an innovative UDA framework designed to tackle domain shift in visual classification tasks. GrabDAE incorporates two key innovations: the Grab-Mask module, which blurs background information in target domain images, enabling the model to focus on essential, domain-relevant features through contrastive learning;and the Denoising Auto-Encoder (DAE), which enhances feature alignment by reconstructing features and filtering noise, ensuring a more robust adaptation to the target domain. These components empower GrabDAE to effectively handle unlabeled target domain data, significantly improving both classification accuracy and robustness. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets, including VisDA-2017, OfficeHome, and Office31, demonstrate that GrabDAE consistently surpasses state-of-the-art UDA methods, setting new performance benchmarks. By tackling UDA’s critical challenges with its novel feature masking and denoising approach, GrabDAE offers both significant theoretical and practical advancements in domain adaptation. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

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RDARS Empowered Massive MIMO System: Two-Timescale Transceiver Design with Imperfect CSI

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ma, Chengzhi Wang, Jintao Yang, Xi Yang, Guanghua Zhang, Wei Ma, Shaodan State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication and Electronic Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai200241 China School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering and GBA B&R International Joint Research Center for Smart Logistics Jinan University Zhuhai519070 China School of Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications University of New South Wales Sydney Australia

In this paper, we investigate a novel reconfigurable distributed antennas and reflecting surface (RDARS) aided multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with imperfect channel state information (CSI) and propose a practical two-timescale (TTS) transceiver design to reduce the communication overhead and computational complexity of the system. In the RDARS-aided system, not only distribution gain but also reflection gain can be obtained by a flexible combination of the distributed antennas and reflecting surface, which differentiates the system from the others and also makes the TTS design challenging. To enable the optimal TTS transceiver design, the achievable rate of the system is first derived in closed-form. The rate expression is general and covers that of the distributed antenna systems (DAS) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided systems as special cases. Then the TTS design aiming at the weighted sum rate maximization is considered. To solve the challenging non-convex optimization problem with high order design variables, i.e., the transmit powers and the phase shifts at the RDARS, a block coordinate descent based method is proposed to find the optimal solutions in semi-closed forms iteratively. Specifically, two efficient algorithms are proposed with provable convergence for the optimal phase shift design, i.e., Riemannian Gradient Ascent based algorithm by exploiting the unit-modulus constraints, and Two-Tier Majorization-Minimization based algorithm with closed-form optimal solutions in each iteration. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and demonstrate the superiority of deploying RDARS in massive MIMO systems to provide substantial rate improvement with a significantly reduced total number of active antennas/RF chains and lower transmit power when compared to the DAS and RIS-aided systems. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convex optimization

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