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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ma, Ying Zhang, Shiquan Yang, Dongju Sarsenbayeva, Zhanna Knibbe, Jarrod Goncalves, Jorge School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia School of Computer Science University of Sydney Sydney Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Queensland St Lucia Australia

Location privacy leaks can lead to unauthorised tracking, identity theft, and targeted attacks, compromising personal security and privacy. This study explores LLM-powered location privacy leaks associated with photo sharing on social media, focusing on user awareness, attitudes, and opinions. We developed and introduced an LLM-powered location privacy intervention app to 19 participants, who used it over a two-week period. The app prompted users to reflect on potential privacy leaks that a widely available LLM could easily detect, such as visual landmarks & cues that could reveal their location, and provided ways to conceal this information. Through in-depth interviews, we found that our intervention effectively increased users’ awareness of location privacy and the risks posed by LLMs. It also encouraged users to consider the importance of maintaining control over their privacy data and sparked discussions about the future of location privacy-preserving technologies. Based on these insights, we offer design implications to support the development of future user-centred, location privacy-preserving technologies for social media photos. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Differential privacy

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ACDV: Adaptive Content Delivery for Vehicular Digital Twin Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 7084-7098页

作者： Zheng, Jinkai Luan, Tom H. Li, Guanjie Yin, Zhisheng Wu, Yuan Dong, Mianxiong Dongguan University of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization Dongguan523808 China Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Xi'an710049 China Xidian University School of Cyber Engineering Xi'an710071 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar 487372 Singapore Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Isn Xi'an710071 China University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City 999078 China University of Macau Department of Computer Information Science 999078 China Muroran Institute of Technology Department of Sciences and Informatics Muroran05-08585 Japan

Digital Twins (DTs), serving personalized cloud-based digital assistants, hold great promise for supporting infotainment applications of the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs), in which personalized content such as high-definition maps, system updates, and social video streaming can be delivered from individualized DTs to vehicular users (VUEs) to enhance the intelligence of IoV services and improve their driving experience. This paper proposes a novel content caching framework tailored to DT-enabled IoVs, where DTs selectively cache on-demand contents on edge devices (i.e., cellular base stations and roadside units) managed by the edge service manager (ESM) along the VUE's trip to avoid backbone congestion yet save download time. However, ESMs are inherently selfish and reluctant to contribute resources to cache contents without benefits. Furthermore, considering the diverse trajectories of vehicles, it is inefficient to cache data along a single path. To address these challenges, we propose ACDV, which first models the interactions between the ESMs and DTs as a Stackelberg game to incentivize ESMs to actively participate in the content caching process. We then deploy a Markov model to predict the VUE distribution, which enables DTs to cache contents with a focus on predicted trajectories. To save storage costs, we derive an upper bound of content sizes that the VUE can download within a limited network connection time. Considering the lack of network information and users' private utility model in practical scenarios, we further develop a learning-based algorithm to find the optimal pricing scheme and content size strategies of ESMs and DTs. Through extensive simulations, we show that our proposal can effectively find the optimal strategy and achieve a fast convergence speed and high-level performance compared to the baselines. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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Agricultural Water Conservation through AI-Enhanced Solar IoT Networks 3

Agricultural Water Conservation through AI-Enhanced Solar Io...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Maniraj, S.P. Monisha, J. Amutha, R. Kavitha, R. Shriidhar, P.J. Srinivasan, C. Srm Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Department of Data Science and Business Systems Kattankulathur Tamilnadu Chennai India Tamil Nadu Chennai India Ultra College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu Madurai India Chennai Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Salem India Saveetha Universityi Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

With the increasing water shortage and climatic uncertainty, creative strategies for effective water management in agriculture are necessary. This research investigates the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), with solar-powered Internet of Things (IoT) networks to enhance water utilization in agricultural activities. The proposed system facilitates accurate irrigation scheduling using real-time data from soil moisture sensors, meteorological stations, and crop health monitoring devices. The ANN model analyses this data to predict ideal irrigation schedules and volumes, minimizing water waste while improving crop yields. The solar-powered IoT framework provides sustainability and reduces dependence on traditional energy sources. Field trials indicate that the AI-enhanced system may promote water saving by as much as 30% relative to traditional irrigation techniques. Moreover, using AI enables adaptive learning, enabling the system to enhance its irrigation tactics using historical and real-time data. This novel method conserves water resources and fosters sustainable agriculture practices, coinciding with global initiatives to address water shortages and assure food security. The findings underscore the potential of technology-based solutions to revolutionize agricultural water management for a sustainable future. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Smart agriculture

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Can you pass that tool?: Implications of Indirect Speech in Physical Human-Robot Collaboration 25

Can you pass that tool?: Implications of Indirect Speech in ...

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Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems

作者： Yan Zhang Tharaka Sachintha Ratnayake Cherie Sew Jarrod Knibbe Jorge Goncalves Wafa Johal School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD Australia

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The Utilization of a Parallel computing Algorithm for Accelerating Switching-Level Modeling of Power Electronics Simulations in a T-Type PV Inverter

The Utilization of a Parallel Computing Algorithm for Accele...

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Annual IEEE Conference on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

作者： Buck F. Brown Liwei Wang Zheyu Zhang Johan Enslin Yi Li Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University North Charleston SC USA School of Computing Clemson University North Charleston SC USA Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331516116

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516123

High-fidelity, switching-level modeling of power electronics simulations can be computationally intensive and time-consuming. This computational burden has recently escalated further due to the increased number of converters implemented in a system, e.g., renewable energy systems. Unlike switching modeling, average modeling can alleviate the computational burden and adequately represent a converter’s behavior for controller design. However, average modeling does not encapsulate switching harmonics, which are crucial for power electronics design, operation, and reliability studies. This paper proposes a novel way to accelerate the switching-level modeling of simulations by leveraging parallel computing techniques and showcases this technique in a specific case study. This new technique is called the average-to-switching (A2S) model. First, the basic concept of the A2S model is outlined. Second, a case study is designed for a two-stage, T-type PV inverter. Third, electrical and thermal waveforms produced by the case study are given and discussed. The results of testing the A2S model showcase a speedup of greater than 22 times the simulation benchmark while maintaining an R 2 value of greater than 0.99.

关键词： Renewable energy sources Electric potential Accuracy Computational modeling Switches Parallel processing Power system harmonics Reliability engineering Multilevel inverters Harmonic analysis

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Can you pass that tool?: Implications of Indirect Speech in Physical Human-Robot Collaboration

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Yan Ratnayake, Tharaka Sachintha Sew, Cherie Knibbe, Jarrod Goncalves, Jorge Johal, Wafa School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne MelbourneVIC Australia University of Melbourne MelbourneVIC Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD Australia School of Computing and Informatio Systems University of Melbourne MelbourneVIC Australia

Indirect speech acts (ISAs) are a natural pragmatic feature of human communication, allowing requests to be conveyed implicitly while maintaining subtlety and flexibility. Although advancements in speech recognition have enabled natural language interactions with robots through direct, explicit commands—providing clarity in communication—the rise of large language models presents the potential for robots to interpret ISAs. However, empirical evidence on the effects of ISAs on human-robot collaboration (HRC) remains limited. To address this, we conducted a Wizard-of-Oz study (N=36), engaging a participant and a robot in collaborative physical tasks. Our findings indicate that robots capable of understanding ISAs significantly improve human’s perceived robot anthropomorphism, team performance, and trust. However, the effectiveness of ISAs is task- and context-dependent, thus requiring careful use. These results highlight the importance of appropriately integrating direct and indirect requests in HRC to enhance collaborative experiences and task performance. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Collaborative robots

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Safe Reinforcement Learning for Social Motor Coordination in Two Dimensional Space 26

Safe Reinforcement Learning for Social Motor Coordination in...

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26th International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2025

作者： Yang, Fan Huang, Yuening Zhai, Chao Zhang, Hehong China University of Geosciences School of Automation Wuhan Campus China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan China Rice University George R. Brown School of Engineering and Computing HoustonTX United States Fuzhou University School of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521950

This paper presents an interactive motion control method based on reinforcement learning, designed to assist children with autism who have social motor impairments through a mirror game intervention. The virtual teacher uses the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm to optimize its actions, guiding the participant to follow a Lissajous trajectory. To ensure safety, a motion-correction mechanism was developed, which automatically adjusts actions when the predicted trajectory surpasses predefined safety boundaries. The reward function considers both the distance between the virtual teacher and the target trajectory, as well as the distance between the virtual teacher and the participant, with dynamic adjustments applied by the motion-correction mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate that the virtual teacher effectively guides the participant towards the target trajectory while adhering to safety constraints. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Multi-Agent Performative Prediction Beyond the Insensitivity Assumption: A Case Study for Mortgage Competition

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Guanghui Acharya, Krishna Lakshmikanthan, Lokranjan Muthukumar, Vidya Ziani, Juba College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology United States School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology United States

Performative prediction models account for feedback loops in decision-making processes where predictions influence future data distributions. While existing work largely assumes insensitivity of data distributions to small strategy changes, this assumption usually fails in real-world competitive (i.e. multi-agent) settings. For example, in Bertrand-type competitions, a small reduction in one firm’s price can lead that firm to capture the entire demand, while all others sharply lose all of their customers. We study a representative setting of multi-agent performative prediction in which insensitivity assumptions do not hold, and investigate the convergence of natural dynamics. To do so, we focus on a specific game that we call the "Bank Game", where two lenders compete over interest rates and credit score thresholds. Consumers act similarly as to in a Bertrand Competition, with each consumer selecting the firm with the lowest interest rate that they are eligible for based on the firms’ credit thresholds. Our analysis characterizes the equilibria of this game and demonstrates that when both firms use a common and natural no-regret learning dynamic—exponential weights—with proper initialization, the dynamics always converge to stable outcomes despite the general-sum structure. Notably, our setting admits multiple stable equilibria, with convergence dependent on initial conditions. We also provide theoretical convergence results in the stochastic case when the utility matrix is not fully known, but each learner can observe sufficiently many samples of consumers at each time step to estimate it, showing robustness to slight mis-specifications. Finally, we provide experimental results that validate our theoretical findings. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Prediction models

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Leveraging SAM for Automatic Prostate Segmentation on Micro-Ultrasound Images

Leveraging SAM for Automatic Prostate Segmentation on Micro-...

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Medical Imaging 2025: Ultrasonic Imaging and Tomography

作者： Radcliffe, Olivia Lawford-Wickham, Imogen A. Wilson, Paul F.R. Abolmaesumi, Purang Mousavi, Parvin Medical Informatics Laboratory School of Computing Queen's University Kingston Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781510686021

PURPOSE: Deep learning is promising for enabling accurate and automatic prostate segmentation. Existing deep learning segmentation model approaches often rely on large training datasets for good generalization. We aim to adapt pre-trained foundation models to enable accurate, data-efficient, and robust prostate segmentation. METHODS: We adapt the promptable foundation model SAM1 for prostate segmentation on rotational micro-ultrasound scans2 of the prostate. We design novel prompting strategies to provide the model with enhanced 3D context awareness to improve segmentation. RESULTS: Our model, which we call SliceTrack-SAM, outperforms prior state-of-the-art in micro-ultrasound prostate segmentation. We achieve a Dice coefficient of 94.0% and Hausdorff distance 1.76 mm on the MicroSegNet dataset. Qualitative analysis and ablation studies further validate the success of our approach. CONCLUSION: Transfer learning from pre-trained foundation models can alleviate the challenge of data scarcity and improve the generalization of medical imaging deep learning systems. Prompts provide a flexible and effective way to leverage auxiliary information, such as 3D context, when using these models. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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GACL-Net:Hybrid Deep Learning Framework for Accurate Motor Imagery Classification in Stroke Rehabilitation

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 517-536页

作者： Chayut Bunterngchit Laith H.Baniata Mohammad H.Baniata Ashraf ALDabbas Mohannad A.Khair Thanaphon Chearanai Sangwoo Kang State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Computing Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Republic of Korea Computer Science Department Faculty of Information TechnologyThe World Islamic Sciences and Education UniversityAmman11947Jordan Intelligent Systems Department Faculty of Artificial IntelligenceAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAl-Salt19117Jordan IT Infrastructure Department Qatrana Cement CompanyAmman11821Jordan Division of Industrial and Logistics Engineering Technology Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyKing Mongkut’s University of Technology North BangkokRayong CampusRayong21120Thailand

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,significantly impairing motor and cognitive *** rehabilitation is often hindered by the heterogeneity of stroke lesions,variability in recovery patterns,and the complexity of electroencephalography(EEG)signals,which are often contaminated by *** classification of motor imagery(MI)tasks,involving the mental simulation of movements,is crucial for assessing rehabilitation strategies but is challenged by overlapping neural signatures and patient-specific *** address these challenges,this study introduces a graph-attentive convolutional long short-term memory(LSTM)network(GACL-Net),a novel hybrid deep learning model designed to improve MI classification accuracy and ***-Net incorporates multi-scale convolutional blocks for spatial feature extraction,attention fusion layers for adaptive feature prioritization,graph convolutional layers to model inter-channel dependencies,and bidi-rectional LSTM layers with attention to capture temporal *** on an open-source EEG dataset of 50 acute stroke patients performing left and right MI tasks,GACL-Net achieved 99.52%classification accuracy and 97.43%generalization accuracy under leave-one-subject-out cross-validation,outperforming existing state-of-the-art ***,its real-time processing capability,with prediction times of 33–56 ms on a T4 GPU,underscores its clinical potential for real-time neurofeedback and adaptive *** findings highlight the model’s potential for clinical applications in assessing rehabilitation effectiveness and optimizing therapy plans through precise MI classification.

关键词： Motor imagery EEG stroke rehabilitation deep learning brain-computer interface

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