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Advancing Privacy and Accuracy with Federated Learning and Homomorphic Encryption

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TechRxiv

TechRxiv 2023年

作者： Nguyen, Tuy Tan Phan, Quoc Bao Nguyen, Dinh C. The School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems Northern Arizona University FlagstaffAZ86011 United States The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alabama in Huntsville HuntsvilleAL35899 United States

In this paper, we present an integrated framework that combines Federated Learning (FL) with Homomorphic Encryption (HE) using the Artificial Intelligence (AI) models and the Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song (CKKS) algorithm to address the challenges of privacy and accuracy. FL facilitates collaborative training of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP) models across decentralized devices, allowing for data privacy preservation without sharing raw data. The integration of the CKKS algorithm for HE ensures secure computation on encrypted data during the FL process. Our experimental results on three diverse datasets demonstrate the efficacy of this approach, achieving an impressive highest average accuracy of 97.3%. Additionally, the CKKS algorithm is used to achieve efficient computation, making it a promising solution for privacy-conscious machine learning applications, and paving the way for practical deployment in various real-world scenarios, thereby revolutionizing the landscape of privacy-preserving machine learning. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Multilayer neural networks

Plate Shape Prediction Based on Data-Driven in Roll Quenching Process

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Plate Shape Prediction Based on Data-Driven in Roll Quenchin...

2023 China Automation Congress, CAC 2023

作者： Hu, Liu Chen, Luefeng Hu, Jie Wu, Min Pedrycz, Witold Hirota, Kaoru School of Automation Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Wuhan430074 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6R 2G7 Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw00-901 Poland Istinye University The Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Sariyer34396 Turkey Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Yokohama226-8502 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303759

In the process of steel plate production, predicting the plate shape is of great significance for producing high-quality and consistently stable plate shapes. This paper presents a model that predicts both the defect types and flatness of the plate, providing theoretical support for setting process parameters in roller quenching production. First, the parameters of the quenching process are analyzed to identify their characteristics. Then, the K-Means clustering algorithm and correlation analysis are employed to process the quenching process parameters. A gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model is used to predict the defect types and flatness of the steel plates. Finally, industrial production data is utilized for experimental validation. The obtained experimental results verify the reliability of the proposed method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Decision trees

Privacy-Aware Joint DNN Model Deployment and Partition Optimization for Delay-Efficient Collaborative Edge Inference

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cheng, Zhipeng Xia, Xiaoyu Wang, Hong Liwang, Minghui Chen, Ning Fan, Xuwei Wang, Xianbin School of Future Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou215006 China School of Computing Technologies RMIT University MelbourneVIC Australia Department of Control Science and Engineering The National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Qingdao China College of Computer and Information Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou350002 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University ON Canada

Edge inference (EI) is a key solution to address the growing challenges of delayed response times, limited scalability, and privacy concerns in cloud-based Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference. However, deploying DNN models on resource-constrained edge devices faces more severe challenges, such as model storage limitations, dynamic service requests, and privacy risks. This paper proposes a novel framework for privacy-aware joint DNN model deployment and partition optimization to minimize long-term average inference delay under resource and privacy constraints. Specifically, the problem is formulated as a complex optimization problem considering model deployment, user-server association, and model partition strategies. To handle the NP-hardness and future uncertainties, a Lyapunov-based approach is introduced to transform the long-term optimization into a single-time-slot problem, ensuring system performance. Additionally, a coalition formation game model is proposed for edge server association, and a greedy-based algorithm is developed for model deployment within each coalition to efficiently solve the problem. Extensive simulations show that the proposed algorithms effectively reduce inference delay while satisfying privacy constraints, outperforming baseline approaches in various scenarios. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Differential privacy

BihoT: A Large-Scale Dataset and Benchmark for Hyperspectral Camouflaged Object Tracking

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Hanzheng Li, Wei Xia, Xiang-Gen Du, Qian The School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China The Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems Beijing100081 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State University StarkvilleMS39762 United States

Hyperspectral object tracking (HOT) has exhibited potential in various applications, particularly in scenes where objects are camouflaged. Existing trackers can effectively retrieve objects via band regrouping because of the bias in existing HOT datasets, where most objects tend to have distinguishing visual appearances rather than spectral characteristics. This bias allows the tracker to directly use the visual features obtained from the false-color images generated by hyperspectral images without the need to extract spectral features. To tackle this bias, we find that the tracker should focus on the spectral information when object appearance is unreliable. Thus, we provide a new task called hyperspectral camouflaged object tracking (HCOT) and meticulously construct a large-scale HCOT dataset, termed BihoT, which consists of 41,912 hyperspectral images covering 49 video sequences. The dataset covers various artificial camouflage scenes where objects have similar appearances, diverse spectrums, and frequent occlusion, making it a very challenging dataset for HCOT. Besides, a simple but effective baseline model, named spectral prompt-based distractor-aware network (SPDAN), is proposed, comprising a spectral embedding network (SEN), a spectral prompt-based backbone network (SPBN), and a distractor-aware module (DAM). Specifically, the SEN extracts spectral-spatial features via 3-D and 2-D convolutions to form a refined prompt representation. Then, the SPBN fine-tunes powerful RGB trackers with spectral prompts and alleviates the insufficiency of training samples. Moreover, the DAM utilizes a novel statistic to capture the distractor caused by occlusion from objects and background and corrects the deterioration of the tracking performance via a novel motion predictor. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed SPDAN achieves state-of-the-art performance on the proposed BihoT and other HOT datasets. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Network embeddings

Assessing the Efficacy of Improved Learning in Hourly Global Irradiance Prediction

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2579-2594页

作者： Abdennasser Dahmani Yamina Ammi Nadjem Bailek Alban Kuriqi Nadhir Al-Ansari Salah Hanini Ilhami Colak Laith Abualigah El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyGIDD Industrial Engineering and Sustainable Development LaboratoryUniversity of RelizaneBourmadiaRelizane48000Algeria Laboratory of Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena(LBMPT) University of MedeaUrban PoleMedea26000Algeria Energies and Materials Research Laboratory Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of TamanghassetTamanrasset10034Algeria Sustainable Development and Computer Science Laboratory Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyAhmed Draia University of AdrarAdrarAlgeria CERIS Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbon1049-001Portugal Civil Engineering Department University for Business and TechnologyPristina10000Kosovo Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources EngineeringLulea University of TechnologyLulea97187Sweden Engineering and Architecture Faculty Nisantasi UniversityIstanbulTurkey Computer Science Department Prince Hussein Bin Abdullah Faculty for Information TechnologyAl al-Bayt UniversityMafraq25113Jordan Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmman19328Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11931Jordan School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaPulau Pinang11800Malaysia Department of Computing and Information Systems School of Engineering and TechnologySunway University MalaysiaPetaling Jaya27500Malaysia Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyMansoura35712Egypt

Increasing global energy consumption has become an urgent problem as natural energy sources such as oil,gas,and uranium are rapidly running *** into renewable energy sources such as solar energy is being pursued to counter *** energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources,as it has the potential to meet the world’s energy needs *** study aims to develop and evaluate artificial intelligence(AI)models for predicting hourly global *** hyperparameters were optimized using the Broyden-FletcherGoldfarb-Shanno(BFGS)quasi-Newton training algorithm and STATISTICA *** from two stations in Algeria with different climatic zones were used to develop the *** error measurements were used to determine the accuracy of the prediction models,including the correlation coefficient,the mean absolute error,and the root mean square error(RMSE).The optimal support vector machine(SVM)model showed exceptional efficiency during the training phase,with a high correlation coefficient(R=0.99)and a low mean absolute error(MAE=26.5741 Wh/m^(2)),as well as an RMSE of 38.7045 Wh/m^(2) across all ***,this study highlights the importance of accurate prediction models in the renewable energy,which can contribute to better energy management and planning.

关键词： Renewable energy energy prediction global irradiation artificial intelligence BFGS quasi-Newton training algorithm

SSF-Net: Spatial-Spectral Fusion Network with Spectral Angle Awareness for Hyperspectral Object Tracking

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Hanzheng Li, Wei Xia, Xiang-Gen Du, Qian Tian, Jing School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems Beijing100081 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State University StarkvilleMS39762 United States

Hyperspectral video (HSV) offers valuable spatial, spectral, and temporal information simultaneously, making it highly suitable for handling challenges such as background clutter and visual similarity in object tracking. However, existing methods primarily focus on band regrouping and rely on RGB trackers for feature extraction, resulting in limited exploration of spectral information and difficulties in achieving complementary representations of object features. In this paper, a spatialspectral fusion network with spectral angle awareness (SST-Net) is proposed for hyperspectral (HS) object tracking. Firstly, to address the issue of insufficient spectral feature extraction in existing networks, a spatial-spectral feature backbone (S2FB) is designed. With the spatial and spectral extraction branch, a joint representation of texture and spectrum is obtained. Secondly, a spectral attention fusion module (SAFM) is presented to capture the intra- and inter-modality correlation to obtain the fused features from the HS and RGB modalities. It can incorporate the visual information into the HS spectral context to form a robust representation. Thirdly, to ensure a more accurate response of the tracker to the object position, a spectral angle awareness module (SAAM) investigates the region-level spectral similarity between the template and search images during the prediction stage. Furthermore, we develop a novel spectral angle awareness loss (SAAL) to offer guidance for the SAAM based on similar regions. Finally, to obtain the robust tracking results, a weighted prediction method is considered to combine the HS and RGB predicted motions of objects to leverage the strengths of each modality. Extensive experiments on the HOTC dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SSF-Net, compared with state-of-the-art trackers. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Extraction

Optimal Linear Deception Attacks on Remote State Estimation with Constrained Alarm Rates: A Low-Dimensional Case

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Optimal Linear Deception Attacks on Remote State Estimation ...

IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Jun Shang Hanwen Zhang Jing Zhou Tongwen Chen Department of Control Science and Engineering Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems and Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes of Ministry of Education School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

This study addresses linear attacks on remote state estimation within the context of a constrained alarm rate. Smart sensors, which are equipped with local Kalman filters, transmit innovations instead of raw measurements through a wireless communication network. This transmission is vulnerable to malicious data interception and manipulation by attackers. The aim of this research is to identify the optimal attack strategy that degrades the system performance while adhering to stealthiness constraints. A notable innovation of this paper is the direct association of the attack’s stealthiness with the alarm rate, diverging from traditional approaches that rely on the covariance of the innovation or the Kullback–Leibler divergence, which are conventional metrics that have been extensively explored in previous studies. Our findings reveal that the optimal attack strategy exhibits some structural characteristics in systems of low dimensions. The performance of the proposed attack strategy is demonstrated through numerical examples.

关键词： Wireless communication Measurement Technological innovation System performance Kalman filters State estimation Intelligent sensors

Guest Editorial: Special issue on computational methods and artificial intelligence applications in low-carbon energy systems

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IET Renewable Power Generation 2024年第3期18卷 303-305页

作者： Wang, Yishen Zhou, Fei Guerrero, Josep M. Baker, Kyri Chen, Yize Wang, Hao Xu, Bolun Xu, Qianwen Zhu, Hong Agwan, Utkarsha State Grid Laboratory of Grid Advanced Computing and Applications State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing China Department of Energy Technology Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering University of Colorado-Boulder BoulderCO United States Guangzhou China Department of Data Science and AI Monash University ClaytonVIC Australia Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia University New YorkNY United States Electric Power and Energy Systems Division KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. Ltd. Nanjing China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California - Berkeley BerkeleyCA United States

Adaptive UAV-Assisted Hierarchical Federated Learning: Optimizing Energy, Latency, and Resilience for Dynamic Smart IoT Networks

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Xiaohong Liwang, Minghui Fu, Liqun Su, Yuhan Hosseinalipour, Seyyedali Wang, Xianbin Hong, Yiguang School of Informatics Xiamen University Fujian China Department of Control Science and Engineering The National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China Department of Electrical Engineering University at Buffalo-SUNY BuffaloNY United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University ON Canada

Hierarchical Federated Learning (HFL) introduces intermediate aggregation layers, addressing the limitations of conventional Federated Learning (FL) in geographically dispersed environments with limited communication infrastructure. An application of HFL is in smart IoT systems, such as remote monitoring, disaster response, and battlefield operations, where cellular connectivity is often unreliable or unavailable. In these scenarios, UAVs serve as mobile aggregators, providing connectivity to the terrestrial IoT devices. This paper studies an HFL architecture for energy-constrained UAVs in smart IoT systems, pioneering a solution to minimize global training cost increased caused by UAV disconnection. In light of this, we formulate a joint optimization problem involving learning configuration, bandwidth allocation, and device-to-UAV association, and perform global aggregation in time before UAV drops disconnect and redeployment of UAVs. The problem explicitly accounts for the dynamic nature of IoT devices and their interruptible communications and is unveiled to be NP-hard. To address this, we decompose it into three subproblems. First, we optimize the learning configuration and bandwidth allocation using an augmented Lagrangian function to reduce training costs. Second, we propose a device fitness score, integrating data heterogeneity (via Kullback-Leibler divergence), device-to-UAV distances, and IoT device resources, and develop a twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3)-based algorithm for dynamic device-to-UAV assignment. Third, We introduce a low-complexity two-stage greedy strategy for finding the location of UAVs redeployment and selecting the appropriate global aggregator UAV. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate significant cost reductions and robust performance under communication interruptions. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Federated learning