The maximum principle has bridged mathematical optimization to optimal control,ushering in significant developments and refinements in optimal control theory,notably during the 1960s with the advent of linear quadrati...
The maximum principle has bridged mathematical optimization to optimal control,ushering in significant developments and refinements in optimal control theory,notably during the 1960s with the advent of linear quadratic (LQ)control and linear quadratic estimation (LQE).This progression propelled optimal control theory into further advancements,encompassing stochastic control,robust/H-infinity control,model predictive control (MPC),networked control,and reinforcement learning *** control,established upon a rigorous mathematical foundation,extends static optimization theory to dynamic systems,exhibiting scientific essence,unity,and ***,since its inception,optimal control theory has served as an indispensable core role across all control-related domains,including communication-constrained control in networked systems,consensus control,cooperative control,and reinforcement learning control.
Driven by practical applications, the achievement of distributed observers for nonlinear systems has emerged as a crucial advancement in recent years. However, existing theoretical advancements face certain limitation...
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Driven by practical applications, the achievement of distributed observers for nonlinear systems has emerged as a crucial advancement in recent years. However, existing theoretical advancements face certain limitations: They either fail to address more complex nonlinear phenomena, rely on hard-to-verify assumptions, or encounter difficulties in solving system ***, this paper aims to address these challenges by investigating distributed observers for nonlinear systems through the full-measured canonical form(FMCF), which is inspired by full-measured system(FMS) theory. To begin with, this study addresses the fact that the FMCF can only be obtained through the observable canonical form(OCF) in existing FMS *** paper demonstrates that a class of nonlinear systems can directly obtain FMCF through state space equations, independent of OCF. Also, a general method for solving FMCF in such systems is provided. Furthermore, based on the FMCF, A distributed observer is developed for nonlinear systems under two scenarios: Lipschitz conditions and open-loop bounded *** paper establishes their asymptotic omniscience and demonstrates that the designed distributed observer in this study has fewer design parameters and is more convenient to construct than existing approaches. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methods is validated through simulation results on Van der Pol oscillators and microgrid systems.
Dear Editor,The letter deals with the distributed state and fault estimation of the whole physical layer for cyber-physical systems(CPSs) when the cyber layer suffers from DoS attacks. With the advancement of embedded...
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Dear Editor,The letter deals with the distributed state and fault estimation of the whole physical layer for cyber-physical systems(CPSs) when the cyber layer suffers from DoS attacks. With the advancement of embedded computing, communication and related hardware technologies, CPSs have attracted extensive attention and have been widely used in power system, traffic network, refrigeration system and other fields.
The hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)integrated with renewable energy power generation exhibits low reliability and flexibility under source-load *** address the above issues,a two-stage optimal scheduling model co...
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The hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)integrated with renewable energy power generation exhibits low reliability and flexibility under source-load *** address the above issues,a two-stage optimal scheduling model considering the operation sequences of HESSs is proposed for commercial community integrated energy systems(CIESs)with power to hydrogen and heat(P2HH)*** aims to optimize the energy flow of HESS and improve the flexibility of hydrogen production and the reliability of energy supply for ***,the refined operation model of HESS is established,and its operation model is linearized according to the operation domain of HESS,which simplifies the difficulty in solving the optimization problem under the premise of maintaining high approximate ***,considering the flexible start-stop of alkaline electrolyzer(AEL)and the avoidance of multiple energy conversions,the operation sequences of HESS are ***,a two-stage optimal scheduling model combining day-ahead economic optimization and intra-day rolling optimization is established,and the model is simulated and verified using the source-load prediction data of typical days in each *** simulation results show that the two-stage optimal scheduling reduces the total load offset by about 14%while maintaining similar operating cost to the day-ahead economic optimal ***,by formulating the operation sequences of HESS,the operating cost of CIES is reduced by up to about 4.4%.
Legged robots have always been a focal point of research for scholars domestically and *** to other types of robots,quadruped robots exhibit superior balance and stability,enabling them to adapt effectively to diverse...
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Legged robots have always been a focal point of research for scholars domestically and *** to other types of robots,quadruped robots exhibit superior balance and stability,enabling them to adapt effectively to diverse environments and traverse rugged *** makes them well-suited for applications such as search and rescue,exploration,and transportation,with strong environmental adaptability,high flexibility,and broad application *** paper discusses the current state of research on quadruped robots in terms of development status,gait trajectory planning methods,motion control strategies,reinforcement learning applications,and control algorithm *** highlights advancements in modeling,optimization,control,and data-driven *** study identifies the adoption of efficient gait planning algorithms,the integration of reinforcement learning-based control technologies,and data-driven methods as key directions for the development of quadruped *** aim is to provide theoretical references for researchers in the field of quadruped robotics.
In this study, we consider a single-link flexible manipulator in the presence of an unknown Bouc-Wen type of hysteresis and intermittent actuator faults. First, an inverse hysteresis dynamics model is introduced, and ...
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In this study, we consider a single-link flexible manipulator in the presence of an unknown Bouc-Wen type of hysteresis and intermittent actuator faults. First, an inverse hysteresis dynamics model is introduced, and then the control input is divided into an expected input and an error compensator. Second,a novel adaptive neural network-based control scheme is proposed to cancel the unknown input hysteresis. Subsequently,by modifying the adaptive laws and local control laws, a fault-tolerant control strategy is applied to address uncertain intermittent actuator faults in a flexible manipulator system. Through the direct Lyapunov theory, the proposed scheme allows the state errors to asymptotically converge to a specified interval. Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified through numerical simulations and experiments.
The high proportion of renewable energy integration and the dynamic changes in grid topology necessitate the enhancement of voltage/var control(VVC)to manage voltage fluctuations more *** model-based control algorithm...
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The high proportion of renewable energy integration and the dynamic changes in grid topology necessitate the enhancement of voltage/var control(VVC)to manage voltage fluctuations more *** model-based control algorithms are becoming increasingly incompetent for VVC due to their high model dependence and slow online computation *** alleviate these issues,this paper introduces a graph attention network(GAT)based deep reinforcement learning for VVC of topologically variable power ***,combining the physical information of the actual power grid,a physics-informed GAT is proposed and embedded into the proximal policy optimization(PPO)*** GAT-PPO algorithm can capture topological and spatial correlations among the node features to tackle topology *** address the slow training,the Relief F-S algorithm identifies critical state variables,significantly reducing the dimensionality of state ***,the training samples retained in the experience buffer are designed to mitigate the sparse reward ***,the validation on the modified IEEE 39-bus system and an actual power grid demonstrates superior performance of the proposed algorithm compared with state-of-the-art algorithms,including PPO algorithm and twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient(TD3)*** proposed algorithm exhibits enhanced convergence during training,faster solution speed,and improved VVC performance,even in scenarios involving grid topology changes and increased renewable energy ***,in the adopted cases,the network loss is reduced by 6.9%,10.8%,and 7.7%,respectively,demonstrating favorable economic outcomes.
This paper addresses the challenge of dynamic event-based non-fragile state estimation for discrete time-varying systems under deception attacks. These attacks involve injecting deceptive signals into the communicatio...
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This paper addresses the challenge of dynamic event-based non-fragile state estimation for discrete time-varying systems under deception attacks. These attacks involve injecting deceptive signals into the communication channel, which can consume limited network resources and disrupt system estimation tasks. To tackle this issue, the study introduces a comprehensive and realistic deception attack model that accounts for the various hard physical constraints. To mitigate the influence of these attacks and reduce communication demands, a dynamic event-triggered scheme that uses dynamic threshold parameters is developed. The main purpose of the addressed problem is to design an event-based non-fragile estimator that ensures the estimation error systems meet the H∞performance constraint over a finite horizon. The paper provides two key criteria to ensure the existence of the proposed estimator, leveraging stochastic analysis techniques. The desired estimator gains are determined using a recursive process of solving matrix inequalities. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the developed event-based non-fragile estimator design method.
Sampling and communication are both crucial for coordination in multi-agent systems(MASs), with sampling capturing raw data from the environment for control decision making, and communication ensuring the data is shar...
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Sampling and communication are both crucial for coordination in multi-agent systems(MASs), with sampling capturing raw data from the environment for control decision making, and communication ensuring the data is shared effectively for synchronized and informed control decisions across agents. However, practical MASs often operate in environments where continuous and synchronous data samplings and exchanges are impractical, necessitating strategies that can handle intermittent sampling and communication constraints. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances in distributed coordination control of MASs under intermittent sampling and communication, focusing on both foundational principles and state-of-the-art techniques. After introducing fundamentals, such as communication topologies,agent dynamics, control laws, and typical coordination objectives, the distinctions between sampling and communication are elaborated, exploring deterministic versus random, synchronous versus asynchronous, and instantaneous versus sequential scenarios. A detailed review of emerging trends and techniques is then presented, covering time-triggered, event-triggered,communication-protocol-based, and denial-of-service-resilient coordination control. These techniques are analyzed across various attack models, including those based on data loss, sampled data, time constraints, and topology switching. By synthesizing these developments, this survey aims to equip researchers and practitioners with a clearer understanding of current challenges and methodologies, concluding with insights into promising future directions.
This study investigates the controllability of a general heterogeneous networked sampled-data system(HNSS) consisting of nonidentical node systems, where the inner coupling between any pair of nodes can be described b...
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This study investigates the controllability of a general heterogeneous networked sampled-data system(HNSS) consisting of nonidentical node systems, where the inner coupling between any pair of nodes can be described by a unique *** signals on control and transmission channels are sampled and held by zero-order holders, and the control sampling period of each node can be different. Necessary and sufficient controllability conditions are developed for the general HNSS, using the Smith normal form and matrix equations, respectively. The HNSS in specific topology or dynamic settings is discussed subsequently with easier-to-verify conditions derived. These heterogeneous factors have been determined to independently or jointly affect the controllability of networked sampled-data systems. Notably, heterogeneous sampling periods have the potential to enhance the overall controllability, but not for systems with some special dynamics. When the node dynamics are heterogeneous,the overall system can be controllable even if it is topologically uncontrollable. In addition, in several typical heterogeneous sampled-data multi-agent systems, pathological sampling of single-node systems will necessarily cause overall uncontrollability.
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