The prompt spread of COVID-19 has emphasized the necessity for effective and precise diagnostic *** this article,a hybrid approach in terms of datasets as well as the methodology by utilizing a previously unexplored d...
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The prompt spread of COVID-19 has emphasized the necessity for effective and precise diagnostic *** this article,a hybrid approach in terms of datasets as well as the methodology by utilizing a previously unexplored dataset obtained from a private hospital for detecting COVID-19,pneumonia,and normal conditions in chest X-ray images(CXIs)is proposed coupled with Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI).Our study leverages less preprocessing with pre-trained cutting-edge models like InceptionV3,VGG16,and VGG19 that excel in the task of feature *** methodology is further enhanced by the inclusion of the t-SNE(t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding)technique for visualizing the extracted image features and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization(CLAHE)to improve images before extraction of ***,an AttentionMechanism is utilized,which helps clarify how the modelmakes decisions,which builds trust in artificial intelligence(AI)*** evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach,both benchmark datasets and a private dataset obtained with permissions from Jinnah PostgraduateMedical Center(JPMC)in Karachi,Pakistan,are *** 12 experiments,VGG19 showcased remarkable performance in the hybrid dataset approach,achieving 100%accuracy in COVID-19 *** classification and 97%in distinguishing normal ***,across all classes,the approach achieved 98%accuracy,demonstrating its efficiency in detecting COVID-19 and differentiating it fromother chest disorders(Pneumonia and healthy)while also providing insights into the decision-making process of the models.
Since the initial launch of 5G networks in 2018, 5G technology has rapidly expanded to cover about 40% of the world's population, offering higher bandwidth, faster connectivity, and lower latency than 4G. However,...
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COVID-19 affected each and every sector of human life. The food sector, security, employment, agriculture, etc. converged a lot during the pandemic. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on ...
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Previous studies have extensively discussed the use of machine learning (ML) algorithms for transformer fault identification. However, the unavailability of data and the resulting imbalance can reduce the accuracy of ...
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This paper develops a Machine Learning model to estimate the citation counts of research papers. The model uses citation functions, representing the intentions of the paper's author when making citations of previo...
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Waveguide-integrated mid-infrared(MIR)photodetectors are pivotal components for the development of molecular spectroscopy applications,leveraging mature photonic integrated circuit(PIC)*** various strategies,critical ...
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Waveguide-integrated mid-infrared(MIR)photodetectors are pivotal components for the development of molecular spectroscopy applications,leveraging mature photonic integrated circuit(PIC)*** various strategies,critical challenges still remain in achieving broadband photoresponse,cooling-free operation,and large-scale complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)-compatible *** leap beyond these limitations,the bolometric effect-a thermal detection mechanism-is introduced into the waveguide *** importantly,we pursue a free-carrier absorption(FCA)process in germanium(Ge)to create an efficient light-absorbing medium,providing a pragmatic solution for full coverage of the MIR spectrum without incorporating exotic materials into ***,we present an uncooled waveguide-integrated photodetector based on a Ge-on-insulator(Ge-OI)PIC architecture,which exploits the bolometric effect combined with ***,our device exhibits a broadband responsivity of 28.35％/mW across 4030-4360 nm(and potentially beyond),challenging the state of the art,while achieving a noise-equivalent power of 4.03×10-7W/Hz0.5 at 4180 *** further demonstrate label-free sensing of gaseous carbon dioxide(CO2)using our integrated photodetector and sensing waveguide on a single *** approach to room-temperature waveguide-integrated MIR photodetection,harnessing bolometry with FCA in Ge,not only facilitates the realization of fully integrated lab-on-a-chip systems with wavelength flexibility but also provides a blueprint for MIR PICs with CMOS-foundry-compatibility.
This paper deals with the characteristics enhancement of circular polarization on a magneto-dielectric-based patch antenna. It is realized by incorporating a ferrite material, i.e., Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG), inside t...
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Potato crops are vital to global food security, but they are susceptible to several diseases that hinder growth and yield. Traditional methods of detecting these diseases rely on labor-intensive lab tests and human ob...
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Mobile Ad hoc Network(MANET)is decentralized wireless network and can communicate without existing infrastructure in many *** is vulnerable to various attacks that affect its performance such as blackhole *** attacker...
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Mobile Ad hoc Network(MANET)is decentralized wireless network and can communicate without existing infrastructure in many *** is vulnerable to various attacks that affect its performance such as blackhole *** attacker,inject fault routing information to persuade the source node to select the path with malicious node as the shortest *** eliminate malicious nodes from launching any collaborative attack.A cooperative Trapping Approach(CTA)was proposed based on modifying Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector(AODV)routing protocol and trapping the malicious nodes by responding to the trap request *** approach aims to eliminate and rule out both single and collaborative malicious blackhole nodes from any *** approach realizes a backward tracking mechanism to perform the elimination *** proposed algorithm(CTA)was executed using NS-2 network *** performance metrics that has been considered to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm such as throughput,end to end delay,packet delivery ratio,and consuming *** experimental results have shown the performance metrics of the proposed approach outperformed other state of at algorithms.
Heavy metals such as Pb, Hg, Cd, and As are commonly found in rivers and drinking water and can cause various health problems. This research aims to develop a linear regression model to predict the concentration of he...
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