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Multi-feature Fusion Deep Network for Skin Disease Diagnosis

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第1期84卷 419-444页

作者： Gairola, Ajay Krishan Kumar, Vidit Sahoo, Ashok Kumar Diwakar, Manoj Singh, Prabhishek Garg, Deepak Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era deemed to be university Dehradun India School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology Bennett University Greater Noida India School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence SR University Warangal Telangana Warangal506371 India

The skin acts as an important barrier between the body and the external environment, playing a vital role as an organ. The application of deep learning in the medical field to solve various health problems has generated increasing interest. The objective of this research is to create a new model using a deep network with multi-feature fusion that enables accurate identification of various skin diseases. This paper proposes a fully fused network (FFN), which includes an improved single block (ISB) and an improved fusion block (IFB) to achieve optimal performance. To implement this, a convolutional neural network-based model for multi-class recognition of skin images has been developed, in which ISB is used to segment diseases in skin images. The IFB module is designed to enhance the effectiveness of the fused network. The model is built and evaluated using our proprietary dataset (Skin_disease_v1) along with publicly available datasets, namely ISIC2016, ISIC2017, and HAM10000. The highest accuracy achieved in experiments was 86% for ISB, 90% for IFB, and 92% for FFN using HAM10000 (for ResNet101V2), HAM10000 (for Resnet50 + ResNet101V2), and HAM10000 (for Resnet50 + ResNet101V2). This shows an accuracy improvement of 9.2%, 13.2%, and 15.2% compared to the state-of-the-art ISB, IFB, and FFN approaches, respectively. Our network outperforms existing networks in terms of performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep learning

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Enhancing reliability in coronary artery disease prediction using ensemble learning for key attribute identification

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Life Cycle Reliability and Safety engineering 2025年 1-14页

作者： Upadhyay, Sachin Sagar, Anil Kumar Roy, Nihar Ranjan Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University Knowledge Park III Greater Noida India Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Technology VIPS-TC Delhi Pitampura India

Cardiovascular disease (CAD) is a significant public health concern, affecting a large population worldwide. Early diagnosis and management of CAD can minimize the risk of acute myocardial infarction and improve patient outcomes. Assessment tools like SBP, cholesterol, pulse rate, and ST segment depression can help identify causes early and manage them effectively. Management includes medication therapy, healthy dietary habits, and exercise. Several machine learning (ML) methodologies have been researched to enhance CAD predictions, including AdaBoost, ANNs, J48, Decision Tree, K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Naïve Bayes, and Random Forest. However, single models still lack sufficient capacity to address the complexity and flexibility of CAD. Ensemble learning, which uses multiple classifiers to boost predictability, has been employed to address these issues. The system was developed after benchmarking it with multiple classifiers on a Cleveland cardiac disease dataset. The ensemble method showed a 92.11% accuracy rate, far better than the highest performing classifier operating individually. This suggests the possibility of practical solutions for CAD prediction using ensemble methods, enabling precise early diagnosis and efficient targeted treatment. Comparing ensemble learning for CAD predictors reveals how these approaches can revolutionize medicine by enabling early diagnosis and personalized treatment plans. There is a need to further develop these methods for clinical application, such as creating practical tools for easier application by healthcare workers and integrating sophisticated techniques. In conclusion, ensemble learning methods represent significant advancements in CAD prediction, with superior performance in identifying critical attributes and enhancing predictive accuracy. As healthcare evolves with the integration of intelligent technologies, the adoption of ensemble learning methods holds great promise for enhancing patient outcomes and reducing the

关键词： ANN CAD Decision Trees Ensemble KNN Machine learning Random Forest

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Beamforming and Reflection Design for Short Packet ISAC With Non-Ideal RIS: An A3C-Based Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8379-8384页

作者： Mahmoudi, Behrad Khonsari, Ahmad Zeinali, Farshad Mili, Mohammad Robat Mashhadi, Mahdi Boloursaz Xiao, Pei University of Tehran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Tehran Iran School of Computer Science in the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Tehran Iran United Kingdom Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions Tehran Iran

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising solution to mitigate the increasing congestion of the wireless spectrum. In this paper, we investigate the short packet communication regime within an ISAC system assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to meet the low latency ultra-reliable requirements in the next-generation wireless networks. We consider a non-ideal RIS model that captures effects of the phase-dependent amplitude variations in the reflection coefficients, and we have incorporated the near-field model into the channels between the RIS and the users or targets. In this setup, we jointly design the transmit beamforming and the RIS phase shifts to maximize the sum rate while satisfying the sensing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement. The system simultaneously carries out multitarget sensing and multi-user short packet communications with the help of the RIS. Considering the non-convex and dynamic nature of the resulting optimization problem, we propose an asynchronous advantage actor-critic (A3C) based method for beamforming and reflection design in this setup. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme over the benchmarks. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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Two-Timescale Hierarchical Contract for Joint Computation Offloading and Energy Management in Edge Computing System

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IEEE Transactions on Network Science and engineering 2025年第3期12卷 1745-1760页

作者： Yan, Min Wang, Li Xu, Lianming Hou, Luyang Han, Zhu Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Computer Science National Pilot Software Engineering School Beijing100876 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Electronic Engineering Beijing100876 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

To mitigate the rising energy costs in edge computing, edge servers (ESs) can receive revenues from reducing their energy usage by contracting with virtual power plant (VPP). ESs also respond to user equipment (UE) by providing computation offloading services. However, such two-layer coordinated trading of computation offloading and energy management in a VPP-ES-UE architecture should address the information asymmetry issue and uncertain task arrivals, posing challenges to maximizing the stakeholders' utility. In this paper, we formulate the two-layer coordinated trading as a hierarchical contracting problem, which addresses the information asymmetry using two contract models. We design a VPP-ES energy contract on a large timescale and an ES-UE computation contract on a small timescale, where ESs need to coordinate the future task arrivals under the energy reduction target assigned by VPP. We construct a two-timescale virtual queue to achieve the energy reduction goal by the long-term queue stability constraint and employ Lyapunov optimization to transform the original problem into an online optimization problem without requiring future information. An online two-timescale hierarchical contract optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the transformed problem. The simulation results demonstrate that our method achieves higher social welfare compared to other benchmarks. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Computation offloading

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Deep ensemble model for skin cancer classification with improved feature set

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第10期84卷 7599-7626页

作者： Burada, Sreedhar Manjunathswamy, B.E. Kumar, M. Sunil Department of Computer Science and Engineering Don Bosco Institute of Technology Karnataka Bengaluru560074 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Computing Mohan Babu University Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College Andhra Pradesh Tirupati517102 India

Early identification of skin cancer is mandatory to minimize the worldwide death rate as this disease is covering more than 30% of mortality rates in young and adults. Researchers are in the move of proposing advanced models for the accurate classification of skin disease. This paper introduces a novel skin cancer detection model under the stages of preprocessing, feature extraction, classification as well as segmentation. The given input is first preprocessed via Gaussian filtering. Subsequently, the Deep learning model termed as ‘U-net’ is used for the segmentation process. Afterward, the extraction of the feature set including features like Improved Center symmetric Local Binary Pattern (ICS-LBP), Local Gradient Pattern (LGP), Median binary pattern (MBP) is performed. Classification takes place using Deep Ensemble Model based on the extracted features, that includes BiGRU, Deep Maxout, and Improved Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), respectively. Also, as the hyperparameter tuning of the classification model enhances the performance, this work introduces a new Hybrid Atom and Arithmetic Operation Algorithm (HAAOA) algorithm for tuning the optimal weights of the Bi-GRU (Bi-directional Gated Recurrent Unit) and Deep Maxout model. At last, the validation of the proposed work is performed through different performance measures by comparing it with different algorithms. Accordingly, accuracy of the adopted method at 90th learning percentage is 93.56%, which is (~) 82.63%, 85.15%, 84.98%, 83.66% and 83.42% better than AOA, ASO, BWO, BMO and DO, respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Feature extraction

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A novel and efficient statistical and soft-computing intelligence integrated feature selection technique for human chronic diseases prediction

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-44页

作者： Yadav, Amit Khanna, Munish Anand, Darpan Department of Computer and Engineering Sir Padampat Singhania University Udaipur Bhatewar India School of Computer Science and Engineering Galgotias University Yamuna Expressway Greater Noida203201 India

Due to the exponential increase in data volume, the widespread use of intelligent information systems has created significant obstacles and issues. High dimensionality and the existence of noisy and extraneous data are a few of the difficulties. These difficulties incur high computing costs and have a considerable effect on the accuracy and efficiency of machine learning (ML) methods. A key idea used to increase classification accuracy and lower computational costs is feature selection (FS). Finding the ideal collection of features that can accurately determine class labels by removing unnecessary data is the fundamental goal of FS. However, finding an effective FS strategy is a difficult task that has given rise to a number of algorithms built using biological systems based soft computing approaches. In order to solve the difficulties faced during the FS process;this work provides a novel hybrid optimization approach that combines statistical and soft-computing intelligence. On the first dataset of diabetes disease, the suggested approach was initially tested. The approach was later tested on the Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) dataset after yielding encouraging results on diabetes dataset. While finding the solution, typically, data cleaning happens at the pre-processing stage. Later on, in a series of trials, different FS methods were used separately and in hybridized fashion, such as fine-tuned statistical methods like lasso (L1 regularization) and chi-square, as well as binary Harmony search algorithm (HSA) which is based on soft computing algorithmic approach. The most efficient strategy was chosen based on the performance metric data. These FS methods pick informative features, which are then used as input for a variety of traditional ML classifiers. The chosen technique is shown along with the determined influential features and associated metric values. The success of the classifiers is then evaluated using performance metrics like accuracy, preci

关键词： Diseases

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An efficient deep learning model for early disease detection in vegetable crops

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-20页

作者： Bhola, Amit Kumar, Prabhat School of Computer Science and Engineering Sharda University Greater Noida201310 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna Bihar Patna800005 India

Plant diseases significantly threaten global food security and economic stability by reducing crop yields, increasing production costs, and exacerbating food shortages. Early and precise detection of plant diseases is essential for mitigating these risks. This study introduces a lightweight deep learning model for early and efficient disease detection in key vegetable crops, including eggplant, potato, tomato, and soybean. The model leverages a comprehensive dataset containing 23 classes of healthy and diseased plant images. With only 388,055 parameters and a model size of 1.48 MB, it achieves an impressive accuracy of 92.75%, outperforming 17 state-of-the-art deep learning models in terms of performance, efficiency, and size. The novelty lies in the model’s compact architecture, making it highly suitable for deployment in resource-constrained environments such as mobile and edge devices. The primary objective is to provide a scalable and cost-effective solution for early disease detection to enhance agricultural productivity. The findings underscore the model’s superiority over traditional methods and emphasize its potential for real-world applications in smart and sustainable agriculture systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Smart agriculture

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(r, k, Ε)-Anonymization: Privacy-Preserving Data Publishing Algorithm Based on Multi-Dimensional Outlier Detection, k-Anonymity, and Ε-Differential Privacy

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 70422-70435页

作者： Kara, Burak Cem Eyupoglu, Can Karakus, Oktay National Defence University Turkish Air Force Academy Department of Computer Engineering İstanbul34149 Turkey Cardiff University School of Computer Science and Informatics CardiffCF24 4AG United Kingdom

In recent years, there has been a tremendous rise in both the volume and variety of big data, providing enormous potential benefits to businesses that seek to utilize consumer experiences for research or commercial purposes. The general data protection regulation (GDPR) implementation, on the other hand, has introduced extensive control over the use of individuals’ personal information and placed many limits. Data anonymization technologies have become an important solution for businesses trying to generate value from data while adhering to GDPR limitations. To address these challenges, researchers have developed various methods, including k-anonymity and Ε -differential privacy, offering solutions for both industry and academia. However, protecting individuals’ privacy against diverse attack attempts presents significant challenges for anonymization models that rely solely on a single technique, highlighting the need for more adaptable and hybrid approaches. In this study, a new hybrid anonymization algorithm called (r, k, Ε )-anonymization has been proposed, which combines k-anonymity and Ε-differential privacy models in a consistent framework and provides stronger privacy guarantees compared to existing privacy-preserving models. The proposed algorithm is capable of overcoming well-known shortcomings of the k-anonymity and Ε -differential privacy models, and it has been confirmed by extensive tests on real-world datasets. The proposed (r, k, Ε )-anonymization algorithm outperforms k-anonymity and Ε -differential privacy in terms of the average error rate measure, achieving data utility increases of 31.74% and 26.99%, respectively. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Anonymity

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PS-CoT-Adapter: adapting plan-and-solve chain-of-thought for ScienceQA

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 392-393页

作者： Qun LI Haixin SUN Fu XIAO Yiming WANG Xinping GAO Bir BHANU School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Purple Mountain Laboratories Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Riverside

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) *** further explore LLMs'reasoning abilities in solving complex problems,recent research [1-3]has investigated chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in complex multimodal scenarios,such as science question answering (ScienceQA) tasks [4],by fine-tuning multimodal models through human-annotated CoT ***,collected CoT rationales often miss the necessary rea-soning steps and specific expertise.

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Improvised Spectral Efficiency and Channel Estimation Parameters in Visible Light Vehicular Communication by Integrating Simulation of Urban Mobility Data

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 70828-70848页

作者： Wheeb, Ali H. Maurya, Sudhanshu Karimullah, Shaik Shaik, Fahimuddin Chowdhury, Subrata Siva Prasad, B.V.V. Sinha, Anurag Sood, Adamya Hussain, Syed Abid University of Baghdad College of Engineering Department of Aeronautical Engineering Baghdad10071 Iraq Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pune412115 India Annamacharya University Department of ECE Rajampet516126 India Sreenivasa Institute of Technology and Management Studies Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chittoor517127 India Anurag University School of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hyderabad500088 India ICFAI University Tech School Computer Science Department Ranchi835222 India Amity University Amity School of Engineering and Technology Computer Science Department Noida201313 India Bakhtar University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karta-e-Chahar Kabul1001 Afghanistan Lovely Professional University Division of Research and Development Phagwara144001 India Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Rajpura140401 India

Visible Light Communication (VLC) has emerged as a promising technology for vehicular communication due to its high data rates, low latency, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. However, optimizing spectral efficiency and channel estimation in dynamic vehicular environments remains a key challenge. This paper proposes an OFDM-QAM-based VLC system to enhance spectral efficiency and improve channel estimation accuracy in vehicular networks. To achieve this, we leverage Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) data, which provides detailed insights into vehicular movement and traffic patterns. By integrating SUMO with VLC system simulations, we optimize modulation schemes, multiple access techniques, and spatial reuse strategies to adapt to varying traffic conditions. Additionally, a mathematical framework is developed to evaluate the impact of vehicular mobility on spectral efficiency and bit error rate (BER) performance across different QAM modulation schemes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed VLC system significantly improves spectral efficiency, achieving values up to 1.4 bits/s/Hz, while maintaining low BER across varying Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) levels. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in enhancing Visible Light Communication (VLC) performance for vehicular applications, making it a viable solution for next-generation intelligent transportation systems. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Spectrum efficiency

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