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Investigation of the total thermal resistance of children’s bedding systems at various air temperatures and velocities using CFD analysis

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Building Simulation 2025年第2期18卷 371-383页

作者： Qin Zhou Qing Zheng Ying Ke School of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China School of Digital Technology and Innovation Design Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

The total thermal resistance of bedding systems can be affected by environmental variables.A computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model of child manikin and duvet bedding system was developed to investigate the effects of air temperature(T_(air),5–25°C)and air velocity(V_(air),0.2–1.0 m/s)on the total thermal resistance(R_(t))of children’s bedding systems composed of duvet with different total filling weights(w,350–1000 g)in three sleep postures(P1,P2,and P3).Heat flux experiments were conducted to validate the CFD *** from the simulations indicated that a 1℃rise in T_(air)led to a reduction in R_(t)by 0.09–0.11 ***,R_(t)decreases with the increase in V_(air),and the reduction in R_(t)slows down as V_(air)*** in T_(air)and V_(air)had the most significant impact on R_(t)in the P2 sleep position and the least effect in the P3 sleep *** on the simulation results,a prediction equation for the R_(t)of the children’s bedding systems was *** research findings offer valuable insights into the scientific selection and design of children’s bedding systems,which are crucial for improving children’s sleep quality.

关键词： CFD simulation air temperature air velocity sleeping position bedding system total thermal resistance

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Research on Optimization Method of Landscape Architecture Planning and design Based on Two-Dimensional Fractal Graph Generation Algorithm

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第16期49卷 53-66页

作者： Chen, Sheng Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering and Technology School of Architectural Design Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Engineering China

The development of modern mathematical theory, especially two-dimensional fractal graph algorithm, provides a possibility for large-scale landscape data processing. Landscape digital identification technology is an innovative technology based on digital landscape technology and computer identification of experimental data. It is an important artificial intelligence technology, which includes three steps: landscape acquisition, landscape processing and landscape identification. The characteristics of the scene in the landscape picture can be collected by special instruments, such as cameras, etc., and then the collected data can be processed by two-dimensional fractal graph algorithm, and finally realice the automatic identification of the landscape. For images with significant boundary characteristics, we can extract the boundary of the región quickly and accurately, so as to realice the segmentation of the region. However, when the edge features of the image are not good enough, there is little color difference between the background and the region, or there is some interference, the result will be very bad. In this paper, based on the two-dimensional fractal graph generation algorithm, a series of optimization of landscape architecture planning and design. The accuracy of landscape prime number can reflect whether specific types of landscape pictures can be correctly identified and divided. 200 Pictures are divided into six categories, namely Water scene, landscape scene, living scene, sky scene, architecture and transportation then exact ratios of two-dimensional fractal graph network -8s, two-dimensional fractal graph network - 16s, two-dimensional fractal graph network -32s and two-dimensional fractal graph network -32s. It reached the best level in pixel accuracy, average accuracy, average IU, etc., and the pixel accuracy has reached as high as 100%, average accuracy has reached 100%, average accuracy has reached 100%. When compared to the recommended algorith

关键词： Graph algorithms

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Progress in Fabric Defect Detection Based on Machine Learning

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) 2025年 1-19页

作者： Wu, Ying Li, Donghui Guo, Peiyao Liu, Yanping School of Electrical Automation and Information Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China School of Fashion Design & Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou310018 China

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in fabric defect detection leveraging machine learning techniques. It introduces the characteristics of textile defects and public datasets, and encapsulates the challenges encountered in defect detection. A total of 2 000 references spanning diverse time periods are utilized to cluster keywords, revealing that machine learning and deep learning have emerged as the top two. By employing the systematic literature review methodology, it explores the research question, search progress, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and eligibility standards on the basis of the two keywords (machine learning and deep learning). Machine learning algorithms are classified into traditional machine learning and deep learning. The selected references are systematically subdivided into supervised, unsupervised, and semisupervised methods in accordance with the labeled dataset. A thorough analysis of classical network architectures is conducted using public datasets and other datasets, and each network type is accompanied with illustrative examples. The methods are further evaluated on the basis of key metrics in terms of detection success rate, datasets used, detection methodologies, time efficiency, and hardware. This comprehensive evaluation highlights the strengths and limitations of machine learning, particularly deep learning, in textile defect detection. Potential future developments and research directions in this field are explored, offering valuable insights for researchers and engineers working in textile defect detection. © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2025.

关键词： Deep learning

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OFDM-structure based waveform designs for integrated sensing and communication

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 267-284页

作者： Jiaqi LIU Ping YANG Ke JIANG Jiarong ZHAO Wei XIANG Jianping WEI Ruixiang DUAN Saviour ZAMMIT Tony Q.S.QUEK National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Sciences La Trobe University Meituan Academy of Robotics Department of Communications and Computer Engineering University of Malta Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design

The future sixth-generation(6G) paradigm aims to seamlessly integrate communication and environmental sensing capabilities into a single radio signal, promising improved efficiency and cost-effectiveness through simultaneous data communications and environmental perception. At the core of this evolution, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) and its advanced waveforms emerge as pivotal for integrated sensing and communications(ISAC). This study introduces a concise and unified ISAC waveform design framework based on orthogonal multicarriers. This framework supports versatile applications of OFDM and its derivative waveforms within a generalized ISAC system, marking a significant leap in integrating communication and sensing capabilities. A distinguishing feature of this framework is its adaptability,allowing users to intelligently select modulation strategies based on their specific environmental needs. This adaptability optimizes performance across diverse scenarios. Central to our innovations is the proposal of discrete Fourier transformspread OFDM with index modulation(DFT-S-OFDM-IM). This framework is paired with newly proposed signal processing methods for single-input single-output and multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems. Extensive evaluations highlight DFT-S-OFDM-IM's superiority, including dramatically reduced peak-to-average power ratios(PAPRs), competitive communication performance, and exceptional sensing capabilities, striking an elegant balance between communication capacity and environmental sensing precision.

关键词： DFT-S-OFDM-IM index modulation integrated sensing and communication OFDM

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Ionogel electrolyte based on porous graphitic C3N4 nanosheets for room temperature to 150 ℃ quasi-solid-state lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第5期104卷 494-504页

作者： Zhaoen Liu Xueao Jiang Jiayin Chen Weijian Liu Long Zhao Yang Lv Zhiyong Li Yan Zhang Xiwen Wang Shiguo Zhang College of Energy Engineering Huanghuai University College of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle Hunan University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University

Ionogels,generally formed by immobilizing ionic liquids （ILs） with polymer gelators,hold considerable promise as quasi-solid-state electrolytes （QSSEs） for lithium metal batteries （LMBs） due to their high safety and electrode ***,their practical use in high-temperature LMBs suffers from the softened polymer chains of gelator at high temperatures,leading to liquid leakage and severe growth of Li ***,a novel inorganic ionogel （PCNIL） combining lithium salt-containing IL with porous graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets （PCN） is developed through direct physical *** exhibits a superior ionic conductivity (0.75 mS cm-1) at room temperature similar to that of neat IL electrolyte （LiIL） and a Li+transference number （0.56） greatly higher than that of Li-IL （0.20）.Furthermore,PCNIL maintains a temperature-independent shear storage modulus of up to 5 MPa from room temperature to 150℃.Consequently,the Li|PCNIL|Li symmetrical cell demonstrates extended reversible lithium plating/stripping over 1200 h without dendritic *** robust mechanical strength,excellent thermal stability,and electrochemical stability of PCNIL allow Li|PCNIL|LiFePO4cells to operate stably in a wide temperature range of 25–150°C.

关键词： Graphitic carbon nitride High temperature Ionogels Lithium metal batteries Quasi-solid-state electrolytes

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Effect of Free-End Torsion on the Corrosion and Mechanical Properties for Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2025年第1期38卷 59-70页

作者： Li-Lan Gao Jiang Ma Yan-Song Tan Xiao-Hao Sun Qi-Jun Gao De-Bao Liu Chun-Qiu Zhang Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control School of Mechanical EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China

Magnesium alloys with excellent degradability and biocompatibility are promising materials for biomedical implants,saving patients the burden of second ***,their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are significantly below the requirements for implant *** study aims to improve the mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy by pre-torsion treatment,and find out the optimal shear *** rod-shaped Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy specimens were pre-torsion treated at different torsion *** effect of free-end torsion on Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy was characterized through microstructure analysis,mechanical testing,and corrosion ***-torsion treatment can refine grain and induce twins and dislocations in Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca *** surface hardness increases with the increase in torsion *** yield strength and ultimate strength initially increase and then decrease with increasing torsion angle,while ductility decreases with increasing torsion *** with a shear strain of 30%exhibit the highest tensile strength,reaching 284.78±10.62 MPa,with an elongation of 19.37±1.66%.Furthermore,they show a significant improvement in fatigue lives both before and after *** the stress amplitude is 120 MPa,the fatigue lives for specimens without pre-torsion treatment are 54,275 cycles and 4324 cycles before and after pre-corrosion,while they increased significantly to 92,015 cycles and 5050 cycles with the 30%shear strain,***,the 30%shear strain specimens show a significant reduction in corrosion *** conclusion,pre-torsion treatment can effectively modify the microstructure of Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy,enhancing both mechanical properties and corrosion *** optimal shear strain for this improvement is 30%.This study provides a practical method to enhance the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy,making it more suitable for biomedical implan

关键词： Magnesium alloy Pre-torsion Microstructure Mechanical property Corrosion resistance

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Commercial Supersonic Air Travel: Flight Routing and Demand Forecasting

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Journal of Air Transportation 2025年第1期33卷 3-25页

作者： Hassan, Mohammed Pfaender, Holger Oliveira, Thayná Ougazzaden, Nadir Dussauge, Thomas Mavris, Dimitri Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States

There has been renewed interest in commercial supersonic air travel in recent years with new concepts currently being advertised for a potential comeback within the next decade. Current regulations do not permit overland operations for supersonic vehicles due to the sonic booms produced during flight. To capture a favorable market share, these vehicles would have to serve more routes than previously served while abiding with current regulations. This study presents a novel and comprehensive approach to overland-prohibited flight routing and route-specific demand forecasting for commercial supersonic air travel, in order to assess the expected market capture under nominal air traffic growth conditions. Results for a baseline reference scenario suggest that with efficient flight routing these vehicles could operate on many routes and capture 5 to 8% of the current demand for subsonic air travel. However, a sensitivity analysis of the top 10 routes showed that both flight routing and demand forecasting are notably sensible to the underlying assumptions and that results could vary considerably based on modeling inputs pertaining to both the aircraft and airline characteristics. © 2024 by Mohammed Hassan, Holger Pfaendar, Thayna Oliveira, Nadir Ougazzaden, Thomas Dussage, and Dimitri Mavris.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Effects of iron-oxidizing bacteria and humic acid of various molecular weights on iron corrosion in drinking water distribution systems

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & engineering 2025年第1期19卷 215-224页

作者： Ziyi Miao Hui Zhang Jie Zhang Zhuo Liu Zhiheng Xue Ghulam Abbas School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Huaxin Design Group Co. Ltd.Wuxi 214101China Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of GujratGujrat 50700Pakistan

Iron corrosion in drinking water distribution systems(DWDSs)is the root cause of the deterioration of drinking water *** acid(HA)is a critical component of dissolved organic matter in drinking ***,the influences of HA on iron pipe corrosion in DWDSs have not been fully understood,especially the combined effects of corrosive microorganisms and HA with different molecular weights(MWs).This study used bench-scale reactors to explore the impacts of ironoxidizing bacteria(IOB)(Microbacterium oxydans ZT-1,a common iron-oxidizing bacterium)and HA with different MWs on iron pipe *** 6 d,loose and porous goethite(α-FeOOH)was the most prevalent compound in the corrosion *** addition of ZT-1 and HA promoted iron corrosion and *** the condition of ZT-1+>100-kDa HA,the maximum values of corrosion rate and total iron concentrations were 0.23 mm/a and 9.94 mg/L,*** corrosion proceeded,magnetite(Fe3O4)formed from FeOOH,and Fe-HA complexes accumulated,resulting in deceleration of iron *** 54 d,the corrosion rate and total iron concentration had decreased by ZT-1,and HA with different MWs.

关键词： Iron-oxidizing bacterium(IOB) Humic acid(HA) Corrosion Iron release Drinking water distribution systems(DWDSs)

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Navigation control of unmanned aerial vehicles in dynamic collaborative indoor environment using probability fuzzy logic approach

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Cognitive Robotics 2025年 5卷 86-113页

作者： Agrawal, Sameer Patle, Bhumeshwar K. Sanap, Sudarshan School of Engineering Ajeenkya DY Patil University Lohegaon Pune India Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT Art Design & Technology University Pune India

The development of drones in various applications makes it essential to address the critical issue of providing collision-free and optimal navigation in uncertain environments. The current research work aims to develop, simulate and experiment with the Probability Fuzzy Logic (PFL) controller for route planning and obstacle avoidance for drones in uncertain static and dynamic environments. The PFL system uses probability-based impact assessment and fuzzy logic rules to deal with unknowns and environmental changes. The fuzzy logic system takes in input about the distance of objects from the drone's front, left, and right sides, as well as the probability of collision based on the drone's speed and how close it is to the obstacles. The set of thirty fuzzy rules based on the distance of the obstacle from front left and right are defined to decide the output, i.e. speed of the drone and heading angle. The simulation environment is developed using MATLAB, with grid-based motion planning that accounts for static and dynamic obstacles. The system's performance is validated through simulations and real-world experiments, comparing path length and travel time. On comparing the simulation and experimental results, the proposed PFL-based controller has been proven to be efficient, accurate, and robust for both static and dynamic and simple to complex environments. The drones can plan the shortest and most collision-free path across all the scenarios, as depicted in the simulation and experimentation results. However, due to communication delay, inaccuracy of sensor response, environmental impact and motor delay, there are slight deviations between the simulation and experimentation values. Upon performing the error analysis, it is found that the error between the simulation and experimental value is within the range of 6.66 % in all the studied scenarios. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Drones

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A Review of Electronic Fuses: Challenges and Opportunities for Future Vehicular Power Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification 2025年第3期11卷 8548-8560页

作者： Mayer, Christoph Baumann, Martin Eisenmann, Bastian Herzog, Hans-Georg Energy Conversion Technology Lab TUM School of Engineering and Design Garching85748 Germany BMW Group Research and Development Department Munich80788 Germany High-Power Converter Systems Lab TUM School of Engineering and Design Munich80333 Germany

Currently, the vehicular power system is undergoing significant changes. One of the most promising advances thereby are electronic fuses (eFuses) which are intended to replace the state-of-the-art melting fuses. On the one hand, eFuses are beneficial to meet the requirements for highly automated or autonomous driving functions. On the other hand, compared to melting fuses, they also offer advanced protection mechanisms and enhanced diagnosis functions as well as wiring harness optimization potentials. This paper provides a comprehensive review about the current state of research regarding vehicular eFuses. The general structure and basic functionalities such as protection mechanisms are explained, followed by an overview of state-of-the-art eFuse hardware solutions. Available investigation methods of eFuses such as simulation models are shown. The effect of eFuses on other system components is explained and compared to melting fuses. A comparative overview and discussion of benefits and drawbacks of eFuses and melting fuses complete the review. This paper will be particularly beneficial for research institutions, industry professionals, but also for anyone who is inexperienced in the field of vehicular power systems as a reference of the current state of research regarding vehicular eFuses. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Protection Fuses Power systems Temperature measurement Transistors Hardware Switching circuits Reviews Electrification Surge protection

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