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OFDM-structure based waveform designs for integrated sensing and communication

Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 267-284页

作者： Jiaqi LIU Ping YANG Ke JIANG Jiarong ZHAO Wei XIANG Jianping WEI Ruixiang DUAN Saviour ZAMMIT Tony Q.S.QUEK National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Sciences La Trobe University Meituan Academy of Robotics Department of Communications and Computer Engineering University of Malta Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design

The future sixth-generation(6G) paradigm aims to seamlessly integrate communication and environmental sensing capabilities into a single radio signal, promising improved efficiency and cost-effectiveness through simultaneous data communications and environmental perception. At the core of this evolution, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) and its advanced waveforms emerge as pivotal for integrated sensing and communications(ISAC). This study introduces a concise and unified ISAC waveform design framework based on orthogonal multicarriers. This framework supports versatile applications of OFDM and its derivative waveforms within a generalized ISAC system, marking a significant leap in integrating communication and sensing capabilities. A distinguishing feature of this framework is its adaptability,allowing users to intelligently select modulation strategies based on their specific environmental needs. This adaptability optimizes performance across diverse scenarios. Central to our innovations is the proposal of discrete Fourier transformspread OFDM with index modulation(DFT-S-OFDM-IM). This framework is paired with newly proposed signal processing methods for single-input single-output and multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems. Extensive evaluations highlight DFT-S-OFDM-IM's superiority, including dramatically reduced peak-to-average power ratios(PAPRs), competitive communication performance, and exceptional sensing capabilities, striking an elegant balance between communication capacity and environmental sensing precision.

关键词： DFT-S-OFDM-IM index modulation integrated sensing and communication OFDM

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Underwater Directional Acoustic Source Based on Pentamode Material

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 1-9页

作者： Binghao Zhao Peng Wang Dongwei Wang Gengkai Hu School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan 430205China

An underwater directional acoustic emitter is conceived with a highly anisotropic lattice material,whose acoustic characteristics manifest strong dependence on the orientation of the lattice material’s principal *** these features,a cylindrical structure made of such anisotropic lattice material is engineered to possess distinct impedance values in different directions,thereby facilitating wave emission along the principal axis while inducing reflection in other ***,through numerical simulations,it is demonstrated that the emission direction can be effectively manipulated by adjusting the principal axis orientation,concurrently enhancing the emitted *** contrast to previous directional acoustic structures,the compact emitter presented in this study can get rid of the size-wavelength constraint,enabling effective control of low-frequency waves.

关键词： Underwater Directional emission Pentamode material Broadband frequency

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Effect of Free-End Torsion on the Corrosion and Mechanical Properties for Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2025年第1期38卷 59-70页

作者： Li-Lan Gao Jiang Ma Yan-Song Tan Xiao-Hao Sun Qi-Jun Gao De-Bao Liu Chun-Qiu Zhang Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control School of Mechanical EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China

Magnesium alloys with excellent degradability and biocompatibility are promising materials for biomedical implants,saving patients the burden of second ***,their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are significantly below the requirements for implant *** study aims to improve the mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy by pre-torsion treatment,and find out the optimal shear *** rod-shaped Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy specimens were pre-torsion treated at different torsion *** effect of free-end torsion on Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy was characterized through microstructure analysis,mechanical testing,and corrosion ***-torsion treatment can refine grain and induce twins and dislocations in Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca *** surface hardness increases with the increase in torsion *** yield strength and ultimate strength initially increase and then decrease with increasing torsion angle,while ductility decreases with increasing torsion *** with a shear strain of 30%exhibit the highest tensile strength,reaching 284.78±10.62 MPa,with an elongation of 19.37±1.66%.Furthermore,they show a significant improvement in fatigue lives both before and after *** the stress amplitude is 120 MPa,the fatigue lives for specimens without pre-torsion treatment are 54,275 cycles and 4324 cycles before and after pre-corrosion,while they increased significantly to 92,015 cycles and 5050 cycles with the 30%shear strain,***,the 30%shear strain specimens show a significant reduction in corrosion *** conclusion,pre-torsion treatment can effectively modify the microstructure of Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy,enhancing both mechanical properties and corrosion *** optimal shear strain for this improvement is 30%.This study provides a practical method to enhance the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca alloy,making it more suitable for biomedical implan

关键词： Magnesium alloy Pre-torsion Microstructure Mechanical property Corrosion resistance

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Parking choice behaviour analysis of rural residents based on the latent variable random forest model

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第3期6卷 167-180页

作者： Minqing Zhu Bo Zhao Hongjun Cui Sheng Yao Feng Xu School of Architecture and Art Design Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China

The imbalance of rural parking supply and demand has a great impact on traffic congestion and environmental pollution,which has attracted the attention of many scholars as well as ***,most of the current research on parking choice focuses on urban business and residential areas rather than on rural parking choice behaviour,and focuses on the analysis of observable factors,ignoring the internal relationship with potential *** study considers the heterogeneity of individuals and uses the random forest(RF)algorithm to construct a model of rural residents’willingness to choose parking with both latent and explicit variables,to explore how much and in what ways individual characteristics and parking characteristics affect rural residents’parking choices,and to explore parking planning programmes and strategies that are truly applicable to rural *** results of the study suggest that the safety and convenience of the parking environment are key factors influencing the parking choice behaviour of rural residents,and can greatly improve the predictive accuracy of the parking willingness *** comparison,it is found that the application of the RF algorithm is also significantly better than the logit model in terms of prediction effect,indicating that there is a nonlinear effect among the factors influencing the parking choice behaviour of rural residents and that the RF model with the addition of latent variables provides a better explanatory ability for the study of the parking choice behaviour of rural residents.

关键词： rural residents parking choice random forest(RF) latent variable SEM-RF model

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Impacts of characteristics of service facilities in metro station area on housing prices

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International Journal of Transportation Science and technology 2024年第4期16卷 212-221页

作者： Minqing Zhu Chengwang Zhou Yizhe Yang Hongjun Cui Xinwei Ma School of Architecture and Art Design Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300132China School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China

Transit-oriented development is extensively employed for the development of metro *** facilities are key components of the regional built environment of metro stations,and the arrangement and design of these facilities significantly impact regional economic efficiency,particularly housing *** from Tianjin,China are analyzed using the gradient boosting decision tree model to explore the impacts of service facilities on housing prices at various operational *** results showed that:(1)the development of metro stations encourages the evolution of housing prices and service facilities,and there is a more pronounced concentration effect of service facility allocation intensity on the urban central circle;(2)the characteristics of service facilities in metro station areas have a nonlinear effect and threshold effect on housing prices;(3)the gradient boosting decision tree model explains a premium effect,which is better than the ordinary least square model;(4)kernel the density is the most significant,and affects housing prices,with per capita quantity decreasing as diversity increases over *** results encourage government departments to enhance the construction of improved rail transit links and to optimize public service facilities in station areas.

关键词： Metro station area Public service facilities Housing prices Gradient boosting decision tree Urban China

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Commercial Supersonic Air Travel: Flight Routing and Demand Forecasting

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Journal of Air Transportation 2025年第1期33卷 3-25页

作者： Hassan, Mohammed Pfaender, Holger Oliveira, Thayná Ougazzaden, Nadir Dussauge, Thomas Mavris, Dimitri Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States

There has been renewed interest in commercial supersonic air travel in recent years with new concepts currently being advertised for a potential comeback within the next decade. Current regulations do not permit overland operations for supersonic vehicles due to the sonic booms produced during flight. To capture a favorable market share, these vehicles would have to serve more routes than previously served while abiding with current regulations. This study presents a novel and comprehensive approach to overland-prohibited flight routing and route-specific demand forecasting for commercial supersonic air travel, in order to assess the expected market capture under nominal air traffic growth conditions. Results for a baseline reference scenario suggest that with efficient flight routing these vehicles could operate on many routes and capture 5 to 8% of the current demand for subsonic air travel. However, a sensitivity analysis of the top 10 routes showed that both flight routing and demand forecasting are notably sensible to the underlying assumptions and that results could vary considerably based on modeling inputs pertaining to both the aircraft and airline characteristics. © 2024 by Mohammed Hassan, Holger Pfaendar, Thayna Oliveira, Nadir Ougazzaden, Thomas Dussage, and Dimitri Mavris.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Effects of iron-oxidizing bacteria and humic acid of various molecular weights on iron corrosion in drinking water distribution systems

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & engineering 2025年第1期19卷 215-224页

作者： Ziyi Miao Hui Zhang Jie Zhang Zhuo Liu Zhiheng Xue Ghulam Abbas School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Huaxin Design Group Co. Ltd.Wuxi 214101China Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of GujratGujrat 50700Pakistan

Iron corrosion in drinking water distribution systems(DWDSs)is the root cause of the deterioration of drinking water *** acid(HA)is a critical component of dissolved organic matter in drinking ***,the influences of HA on iron pipe corrosion in DWDSs have not been fully understood,especially the combined effects of corrosive microorganisms and HA with different molecular weights(MWs).This study used bench-scale reactors to explore the impacts of ironoxidizing bacteria(IOB)(Microbacterium oxydans ZT-1,a common iron-oxidizing bacterium)and HA with different MWs on iron pipe *** 6 d,loose and porous goethite(α-FeOOH)was the most prevalent compound in the corrosion *** addition of ZT-1 and HA promoted iron corrosion and *** the condition of ZT-1+>100-kDa HA,the maximum values of corrosion rate and total iron concentrations were 0.23 mm/a and 9.94 mg/L,*** corrosion proceeded,magnetite(Fe3O4)formed from FeOOH,and Fe-HA complexes accumulated,resulting in deceleration of iron *** 54 d,the corrosion rate and total iron concentration had decreased by ZT-1,and HA with different MWs.

关键词： Iron-oxidizing bacterium(IOB) Humic acid(HA) Corrosion Iron release Drinking water distribution systems(DWDSs)

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Navigation control of unmanned aerial vehicles in dynamic collaborative indoor environment using probability fuzzy logic approach

Cognitive Robotics

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Cognitive Robotics 2025年 5卷 86-113页

作者： Agrawal, Sameer Patle, Bhumeshwar K. Sanap, Sudarshan School of Engineering Ajeenkya DY Patil University Lohegaon Pune India Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT Art Design & Technology University Pune India

The development of drones in various applications makes it essential to address the critical issue of providing collision-free and optimal navigation in uncertain environments. The current research work aims to develop, simulate and experiment with the Probability Fuzzy Logic (PFL) controller for route planning and obstacle avoidance for drones in uncertain static and dynamic environments. The PFL system uses probability-based impact assessment and fuzzy logic rules to deal with unknowns and environmental changes. The fuzzy logic system takes in input about the distance of objects from the drone's front, left, and right sides, as well as the probability of collision based on the drone's speed and how close it is to the obstacles. The set of thirty fuzzy rules based on the distance of the obstacle from front left and right are defined to decide the output, i.e. speed of the drone and heading angle. The simulation environment is developed using MATLAB, with grid-based motion planning that accounts for static and dynamic obstacles. The system's performance is validated through simulations and real-world experiments, comparing path length and travel time. On comparing the simulation and experimental results, the proposed PFL-based controller has been proven to be efficient, accurate, and robust for both static and dynamic and simple to complex environments. The drones can plan the shortest and most collision-free path across all the scenarios, as depicted in the simulation and experimentation results. However, due to communication delay, inaccuracy of sensor response, environmental impact and motor delay, there are slight deviations between the simulation and experimentation values. Upon performing the error analysis, it is found that the error between the simulation and experimental value is within the range of 6.66 % in all the studied scenarios. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Drones

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Microstructure and mechanical behavior of AXM Mg alloy systems—A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第7期12卷 2624-2646页

作者： N.Thanabal R.Silambarasan P.Seenuvasaperumal Dudekula Althaf Basha A.Elayaperumal School of Mechanical Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore 453552India Department of Mechanical Engineering Engineering Design DivisionCEG CampusAnna UniversityChennai 600025India

Automobiles are the inevitable mode of ***,increasing fuel prices and carbon dioxide emissions are posing a serious threat to automobile users and the ***,the development of new lightweight materials has been a key area of ***-based commercial alloys(AZ and ZK series alloys)are the lightest among all structural ***,there is still a question about the replacement of Aluminum-based alloys due to HCP crystal *** this connection,Mg-Al-Ca-Mn(AXM)Mg alloy can be a choice as an alternative to the existing Mg-based commercial alloys for structural *** contains(Al,Mg)_(2)Ca,Al_(2)Ca,Mg_(2)Ca,and Al_(8)Mn_(5)as the secondary phases,contributing to the microstructural refinement and property ***,the formation of those precipitates depends on the amount of Al,Ca,and Mn,especially,the Ca/Al *** addition,the secondary processes influence the grain refinement and property enhancement of texture ***,this review article focuses on elaborating on the significance of the Ca/Al ratio for the precipitate formation,secondary process,and texture *** co-segregation behavior of other micro-alloying elements like Cerium,Lanthanum,and Zinc in AXM Mg alloy systems has also been discussed for property enhancement.

关键词： AXM Mg alloy Rolling Extrusion Texture

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A Review of Electronic Fuses: Challenges and Opportunities for Future Vehicular Power Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification 2025年第3期11卷 8548-8560页

作者： Mayer, Christoph Baumann, Martin Eisenmann, Bastian Herzog, Hans-Georg Energy Conversion Technology Lab TUM School of Engineering and Design Garching85748 Germany BMW Group Research and Development Department Munich80788 Germany High-Power Converter Systems Lab TUM School of Engineering and Design Munich80333 Germany

Currently, the vehicular power system is undergoing significant changes. One of the most promising advances thereby are electronic fuses (eFuses) which are intended to replace the state-of-the-art melting fuses. On the one hand, eFuses are beneficial to meet the requirements for highly automated or autonomous driving functions. On the other hand, compared to melting fuses, they also offer advanced protection mechanisms and enhanced diagnosis functions as well as wiring harness optimization potentials. This paper provides a comprehensive review about the current state of research regarding vehicular eFuses. The general structure and basic functionalities such as protection mechanisms are explained, followed by an overview of state-of-the-art eFuse hardware solutions. Available investigation methods of eFuses such as simulation models are shown. The effect of eFuses on other system components is explained and compared to melting fuses. A comparative overview and discussion of benefits and drawbacks of eFuses and melting fuses complete the review. This paper will be particularly beneficial for research institutions, industry professionals, but also for anyone who is inexperienced in the field of vehicular power systems as a reference of the current state of research regarding vehicular eFuses. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Protection Fuses Power systems Temperature measurement Transistors Hardware Switching circuits Reviews Electrification Surge protection

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