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Protein-nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures for molecular diagnostic applications

Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9003-9014页

作者： Noah R.Sundah Yuxuan Seah Auginia Natalia Xiaoyan Chen Panida Cen Yu Liu Huilin Shao Institute for Health Innovation and Technology National University of SingaporeSingapore 117599Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 138673Singapore Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore

Molecular diagnostic technologies empower new clinical opportunities in precision ***,existing approaches face limitations with respect to performance,operation and *** molecules including proteins and nucleic acids are being increasingly adopted as tools in the development of new molecular diagnostic *** particular,leveraging their complementary properties—the functional diversity of proteins and the precision programmability of nucleic acids—a wide range of protein–nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures have been *** hybrid structures take diverse forms,ranging from one-dimensional to three-dimensional hybrids,as static assemblies to dynamic machines,and possess myriad functions to recognize target biomarkers,encode vast information and execute catalytic *** by recent advances in this area of molecular nanotechnology,we review the state-of-art design and application of various types of protein–nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures for molecular diagnostics,and present an outlook on the challenges and opportunities for emerging pre-clinical and clinical applications,highlighting the promise for earlier detection,more refined diagnosis and highly tailored treatment decision that ultimately lead to improved patient outcomes.

关键词： molecular nanotechnology DNA-protein hybrid molecular diagnostics precision medicine

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High-precision numerical modeling of the pro jectile launch and failure mechanism analysis of pro jectile-borne components

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第5期46卷 885-906页

作者： Xindan GUO Qiming LIU Xu HAN Tao LI Bin’an JIANG Canwei CAI State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment School of Mechanical EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Artillery Ammunition Technology Laboratory PLA Army Academy of Artillery and Air DefenseHefei 230031China

As core components of precision-guided projectiles,projectile-borne components are highly susceptible to failure or even damage in complex high-overload environments,thereby significantly compromising launch reliability and ***,accurately characterizing the mechanical behavior of propellants remains challenging due to the limitations in the current internal ballistic theory and the constraints of large-scale artillery firing *** complicates the high-precision numerical modeling of projectile launch,and obstructs investigations into the failure mechanisms of projectile-borne ***,this paper identifies propellant parameters using the computational inverse method under uncertainty,further establishes high-precision numerical models of projectile launch,and explores the failure mechanisms of projectile-borne components in complex high-overload ***,a projectile launching experiment is meticulously designed and executed to obtain the breech pressure and muzzle ***,a general simulation model is built,and the powder burn model is used to simulate the ignition and ***,the propellant parameters are effectively identified with the computational inverse method by the combination of the experiments and simulations.A high-precision numerical model of projectile launch is modified with the parameters validated by another experiment,and the high-overload characteristics during projectile launch are thoroughly analyzed based on this ***,the high-overload characteristics of projectile-borne components are analyzed to elucidate the stress variation laws and to reveal the failure mechanisms influenced by time and spatial *** research provides an effective method for perfectly identifying propellant parameters and building high-precision numerical models of projectile ***,it provides significant guidance for the anti-high overload design and analysis of projectile-bo

关键词： projectile-borne component high-overload environment propellant parameter identification computational inverse technique failure mechanism

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Non-negligible role of gradient porous structure in superelasticity deterioration and improvement of NiTi shape memory alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2024年第19期186卷 48-63页

作者： Yintao Zhang Daixiu Wei Yang Chen Lechun Xie Liqiang Wang Lai-Chang Zhang Weijie Lu Guang Chen State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and DesignMinistry of EducationNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Engineering Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupWA 6027Australia

Bone-mimicking gradient porous NiTi shape memory alloys(SMAs)are promising for orthopedic im-plants due to their distinctive superelastic functional ***,premature plastic deformation in weak areas such as thinner struts,nodes,and sharp corners severely deteriorates the superelasticity of gradient porous NiTi *** this work,we prepared gradient porous NiTi SMAs with a porosity of 50%by additive manufacturing(AM)and achieved a remarkable improvement of superelasticity by a simple solution treatment *** solution treatment,phase transformation temperatures dropped signif-icantly,the dislocation density decreased,and partial intergranular Ti-rich precipitates were transferred into the *** to as-built samples,the strain recovery rate of solution-treated samples was nearly doubled at a pre-strain of 6%(up to 90%),and all obtained a stable recoverable strain of more than 4%.The remarkable superelasticity improvement was attributed to lower phase transformation tem-peratures,fewer dislocations,and the synergistic strengthening effect of intragranular multi-scale Ti-Ni ***,the gradient porous structure played a non-negligible role in both superelasticity deterioration and *** microstructure evolution of the solution-treated central strut after constant 10 cycles and the origin of the stable superelastic response of gradient porous NiTi SMAs were *** work provides an accessible strategy for improving the superelastic performance of gra-dient porous NiTi SMAs and proposes a key strategy for achieving such high-performance architectured materials.

关键词： Shape memory alloys Superelasticity Gradient porous structure Solution treatment Stable recoverable strain

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Nanoparticle Distribution in Compression Ignition Engines Using Rapeseed Methyl Ester

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Energy engineering 2025年第4期122卷 1249-1264页

作者： Hayder A.Dhahad Miqdam T.Chaichan Mohammed A.Fayad Hasanain A.Abdul Wahhab T.Magrites Mechanical Engineering Department University of Technology-IraqBaghdad10001Iraq Energy and Renewable Energies Technology Centre University of Technology-IraqBaghdad10001Iraq Training andWorkshop Center University of Technology-IraqBaghdad10001Iraq Centre for Advanced Powertrain and Fuels Research School of Engineering and Design Brunel UniversityLondonUB 83PHUK

One of the most important of these emissions is fine particulate matter,which is a harmful emission of diesel engines,leading to the imposition of strict ***,with its high oxygen content,is an effective alternative to significantly reduce these *** this study,rapeseed methyl ester(RME)was used as a diesel engine fuel and the emitted particulate matter was comparedwith ultra-lowsulfur diesel(ULSD).Inmost experimental studies,the emission of soot *** this work,the effects of injection timing,injection pressure(IP),and engine load on fine particulate matter in both nucleation and accumulation modes were *** results show that IP increases the number of particles in the accumulation mode while the number of particles in the crystallization mode is higher for rapeseed methyl ester(RME)than for ultra-low sulfur diesel(ULSD).Conversely,the formation rates of particles in the accumulationmode are higher for *** concentration numbers(CCN)are generally higher for RME in crystallization mode but higher for ULSD in accumulation *** the IP reduces the CCN *** particle size in crystallizationmode reaches a maximum of 22 nm at IPs of 800 and 1000 bar but decreases to 15 nm at 1200 *** fine particles fall in the 5–100 nm diameter *** engine loads reduce the particle size distribution in nucleationmode for both fuels,with a slight increase in particle size in *** concluded that the use of rapeseed methyl ester as an engine fuel benefits the environment and improves air quality due to the significant reduction in the size,number,and concentration of nano-soot particles and total particles emitted from the engine.

关键词： Injection pressure injection timing nucleation and accumulation particulate matter premixed burn smoke number

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Smart Agriculture with Enhanced Accuracy for Fruit Detection Using Conv2D 6

Smart Agriculture with Enhanced Accuracy for Fruit Detection...

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6th IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in engineering and technology, IICAIET 2024

作者： Kamran, Yashfa Tauqeer, Mahnur Ahmad, Moiz Tauqeer, Syed Muhammad Hamza National University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Islamabad Pakistan Tum School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Munich Germany University of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics Engineering Taxila Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389692

With the rise of Deep learning and Machine Learning, immense breakthroughs in the area of agricultural automation have now become possible. Most importantly, it is the kind of fruit ripeness that may be the main issue as it touches both the retailing and farming sectors. In this paper, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach and 2-Dimensional Convolution (Conv2D) model is applied as a main part of differentiating between ripe and unripe fruits because of their main distinguishing feature. The model is refined through the use of image processing techniques like resizing and normalization, which make its generalization ability more robust. Using the Adam optimizer and the binary cross entropy loss function, the model is tuned for the binary classification task which we deal with. The results of the model can be observed through fruit maturity classification with training accuracy 99 percent and validation accuracy reaches 84 percent, Area Under curve (AUC) equals 0.92. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fruits

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RESEARCH ON SUBPIXEL CENTERLINE EXTRACTION METHOD OF LINE STRUCTURED LIGHT STRIPE

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering an...

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical engineering and Computer Science 2023年第1期85卷 91-104页

作者： Zheng, Qingchun Shi, Hao Zhu, Peihao Liu, Qipei Ma, Wenpeng Li, Xiaoyang Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China China

In the process of using line structured light for measurement, it is an essential step to quickly and accurately extract the center position from the line structured light stripe to improve the accuracy of the line structured light measurement system. At present, it is difficult to reduce the extraction time while ensuring the extraction accuracy by the commonly used line structured light centerline extraction methods. In order to solve this problem, the article proposes a centerline extraction method based on extreme value method and gray gravity method. The experimental results show that this method can extract the light stripe centerline more accurately and quickly, which provides a solid guarantee for the next point cloud data acquisition. © 2023, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data acquisition

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Facial Expression Recognition by Deep Learning Models using Multiple Datasets

IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems

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IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 2025年第2期145卷 199-206页

作者： Kuremoto, Takashi Mori, Yuya Mabu, Shingo Department Information Technology and Media Design Faculty of Advanced Engineering Nippon Institute of Technology 4-1 Gakuendai Miyashiromachi Saitama345-8501 Japan Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai Yamaguchi755-0097 Japan

Facial Expression Recognition has been studied for many years;however, it remains a challenging task in real-world environments due to complex backgrounds, varying illumination conditions, and online processing issues. In this study, we propose a deep learning model, CAER-Net-RS, by leveraging multiple training datasets. The proposed model integrates three neural networks: the Face Network, the Context Network, and the Adaptive Network. Different datasets are employed for the pretraining of these networks: the facial expression image dataset RAF-DB for the Face Network, the scene image dataset Places365-Standard for the Context Network, and the CAER-S dataset for the Adaptive Network. In the experiment, the proposed model achieved an average recognition accuracy of 85.20% across seven types of facial expressions, compared to 70.92% for the conventional Context-Aware Emotion Recognition Network (CAER-Net). © 2025 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Face recognition

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Enhanced Attitude Stabilization of Quadrotors Using a Single-Axis Constraint Moment Disturbance Obserner

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IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 2024年第4期144卷 257-264页

作者： Ichiryu, Atsuhiro Shimada, Akira Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Graduate School of Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu Koto-ku Tokyo135-8548 Japan Dept. of Engineering and Design Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu Koto-ku Tokyo135-8548 Japan

This study proposes a maintaining a quadrotor’s attitude system using a ‘moment disturbance observer’ aimed at enhancing stability. In recent years, quadrotors have become increasingly prevalent in sectors such as agriculture, surveying, logistics, aerial photography, infrastructure inspection, and security. However, with their growing, there have been concerns about potential physical and human harm stemming from accidents. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism has reported accidents attributed to challenging maneuvering conditions that have resulted in crashes. This study aims to develop a quadrotor that can maintain a stable attitude during sudden and significant alterations in its orientation. We suggest employing a moment disturbance observer to estimate the necessary moments for stable attitude maintenance. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed method surpasses traditional PID control in terms of attitude stabilization. Furthermore, this method resulted in superior attitude stability in single-axis experiments with a mechanically constrained quadrotor compared to conventional PID control methods. © 2024 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Aerial photography

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A Comparative Analysis of Lunar PNT+C Concepts

A Comparative Analysis of Lunar PNT+C Concepts

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AIAA Science and technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Gabhart, Austin S. Drosendahl, Madilyn Robertson, Bradford Mavris, Dimitri N. Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory Daniel Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology GA Atlanta30332 Georgia

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

With the expected increase in cislunar operations, there are many proposed architectures to provide these missions with Positioning, Navigation, Timing, and Communication (PNT+C) support. While most of the architectures are frequently similar in concept, there is significant variation in how they are evaluated. This paper provides an overview of system architecture alternatives presented in literature to develop requirements for an evaluation environment. To provide insight into the relative performance between architectures, an evaluation environment is described in detail to establish the basis for comparison. The evaluation environment includes orbit determination and time synchronization modeling, an implementation of more accurate dilution of precision metrics, and orbit maintenance maneuver modeling and optimization. The configurations for comparison are selected from literature. It is found that constellations made of highly stable elliptical orbits still require significant ΔV to maintain their orbits. It is also found that increasing the variety of orbits and number of satellites significantly improves the performance of the lunar PNT architecture. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Orbits

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Commoning by design: Making room for life in the designed world 24

Commoning by Design: Making room for life in the designed wo...

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18th Biennial Participatory design Conference - Reaching Out: Connecting Beyond Participation, PDC 2024

作者： Mellick Lopes, Abby Healy, Stephen Zeibots, Michelle School of Design University of Technology Sydney Australia School of Social Science and Institute for Culture and Society Western Sydney University Australia School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706547

How can design (re)enter the picture as a practice of care in worlds both built and damaged by design? Our response is to direct its materialising agency toward "commoning". Commoning is a collective process of convening, repairing, regenerating and defending commons that can only be enacted with a community of commoners. This paper explores an interdisciplinary action research project that uses a workshop-based methodology to redirect organic waste from landfill to regenerative farms by designing with a group of actors including institutions, universities, social enterprises, and farmers. We introduce the "Commons Identi-kit"to aid "thinking like a commoner"and cultivating a commoner subjectivity through a participatory design workshop, in which the diverse knowledges, capacities and collective agency of participants was enacted. In doing this work we learn to expand our capacities by prefiguring "new"commons and exploring the redistribution of responsibilities in relation to commons that already exist. © 2024 Owner/Author.

关键词： circular economy commoning participatory action research participatory design workshop

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