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Lightweight authentication scheme for edge control systems in Industrial Internet of Things

Frontiers of Information technology & Electronic engineering 2024年第11期25卷 1466-1478页

作者： Wenli SHANG Xudong WEN Zhuo CHEN Wenze XIONG Zhiwei CHANG Zhong CAO School of Electronics and Communication Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Instrumentation Technology and Economy Institute Beijing 100055China

In edge control systems(ECSs),edge computing demands more local data processing power,while traditional industrial programmable logic controllers(PLCs)cannot meet this ***,edge intelligent controllers(EICs)have been developed,making their secure and reliable operation ***,as EICs communicate sensitive information with resource-limited terminal devices(TDs),a low-cost,efficient authentication solution is urgently needed since it is challenging to implement traditional asymmetric cryptography on *** this paper,we design a lightweight authentication scheme for ECSs using low-computational-cost hash functions and exclusive OR(XOR)operations;this scheme can achieve bidirectional anonymous authentication and key agreement between the EIC and TDs to protect the privacy of the *** security analysis,we demonstrate that the authentication scheme can provide the necessary security features and resist major known *** analysis and comparisons indicate that the proposed authentication scheme is effective and feasible for deployment in ECSs.

关键词： Edge intelligent controller(EIC) Edge control systems(ECSs) Terminal devices(TDs) Anonymous authentication Lightweight authentication

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Crowd movement monitoring in academic buildings: a reinforcement learning approach

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第10期84卷 6967-6997页

作者： Geetha, T.S. Rao, C. Subba Chellaswamy, C. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SA Engineering College Chennai600077 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Prasad V Potluri Siddhartha Institute of Technology Vijayawada520007 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRM TRP Engineering College Tiruchirappalli621105 India

In academic institutions, the gathering of students within buildings significantly influences the ecological parameters of these spaces. Understanding and enhancing the environmental impact of academic buildings requires monitoring ecological parameters and crowd flow. The job of monitoring large-scale crowds and environmental conditions is a difficult one to do without difficulty. This study introduces reinforcement learning-based lightweight crowd flow measurement (RL-CFM) for real-time crowd flow tracking in institutional buildings. RL-CFM enables prompt responses to changes in crowd dynamics, enhancing its effectiveness during emergencies. The proposed RL-CFM periodically searches for smartphone-enabled requests, providing insights into crowd movement. Implemented and tested in an institutional building under real-world conditions, RL-CFM was installed in various locations, including the evacuation passage on the ground floor and two classrooms on the first floor. The study explores ecological parameters like temperature and CO2 concentration in the evacuation passage, considering various modes of smartphone operation that reflect people’s walking behavior. The RL-CFM’s performance is evaluated using different smartphone models with varying walking speeds, revealing a tracking accuracy of 94.32% in the Wi-Fi registered mode. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Temperature measurement

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RUDIE:Robust approach for underwater digital image enhancement

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Journal of Electronic Science and technology 2024年第4期22卷 96-108页

作者： V.Sidda Reddy G.Ravi Shankar Reddy K.Sivanagi Reddy Department of Information Technology Stanley College of Engineering and Technology for WomenHyderabad500001India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering CVR College of EngineeringHyderabad501510India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sridevi Women’s Engineering CollegeHyderabad500075India

Processing underwater digital images is critical in ocean engineering,biology,and environmental studies,focusing on challenges such as poor lighting,image de-scattering,and color *** to environmental conditions on the sea floor,improving image contrast and clarity is essential for underwater navigation and obstacle *** in turbid,low-visibility waters,we require robust computer vision techniques and *** the past decade,various models for underwater image enrichment have been proposed to address quality and visibility issues under dynamic and natural lighting *** research article aims to evaluate various image improvement methods and propose a robust model that improves image quality,addresses turbidity,and enhances color,ultimately improving obstacle avoidance in autonomous *** proposed model demonstrates high accuracy compared to traditional *** result analysis indicates the proposed model produces images with greatly improved visibility and exceptional color ***,research can unlock new possibilities for underwater exploration,monitoring,and intervention by advancing the state-of-the-art models in this domain.

关键词： Computer vision Digital image Fuzzy logic Histogram Image processing

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Design and Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Multiband Application with the Multiple Rectangular and a Plus Shaped Slots

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2024年第6期105卷 1679-1689页

作者： Sharma, Sakshi Sriwas, S.K. Nigam, Abhishek Jaiswal, Deo Chandra Kumar, Mahendra Department of Electronics and Communication Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology Jhansi284128 India Electronics and Communication Engineering Department IET Lucknow India

In the present study, the multiple rectangular and a plus shaped slots microstrip patch antenna (MPA) is designed and its performance has been analysed on the basis of various dielectric constants material such as silicon, silicon dioxide, polyethylene, Teflon, etc. Introduction of slots in MPA is important to find the optimized geometry. In this article, MPA has been designed with nine rectangular slots and one plus shaped slot for multiband application and investigate its accomplishment. The miniaturization has been achieved by inserting the rectangular and plus shaped slots that has been further created on FR4 substrate. The dimensions of this proposed MPA are 26 mm × 18.61 mm and the antenna is uniform from both the sides. The proposed antenna can operate on different frequencies with operating bands of 3.62 GHz for global system for mobile, 5.27 GHz for wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), and 6.74 GHz for worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX). The proposed MPA might also be used for certain other broadband applications in the above respective frequencies. Computer simulation technology programme is utilized to characterize the parameters like Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, return loss (S11), surface current, and radiation pattern. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Wimax

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Weighted sum power maximization for STAR-RIS-aided SWIPT systems with nonlinear energy harvesting

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 343-358页

作者： Weiping SHI Cunhua PAN Feng SHU Yongpeng WU Jiangzhou WANG Yongqiang BAO Jin TIAN School of Network and Communication Nanjing Vocational College of Information Technology National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan University School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Navigation and Location Based Services Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Engineering University of Kent School of Information and Communication Engineering Nanjing Institute of Technology Engineering School of Networks and Telecommunications Jinling Institute of Technology

The conventional reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS) is limited to reflecting incident signals,thereby imposing constraints on the placement of the transmitter and receiver, which hinders achieving comprehensive signal coverage across an entire area. This paper investigates a simultaneously transmitting and reflecting(STAR)-RIS-aided simultaneous wireless information and power transfer(SWIPT) system with a nonlinear energy harvesting model under three different RIS transmission protocols: energy splitting(ES),time switching(TS), and mode switching(MS). The objective of this paper is to maximize the weighted sum power(WSP) of all energy harvesting receivers(EHRs) while ensuring fairness in the collected power among them. This is achieved by jointly optimizing the transmit beamforming at the base station(BS)and the transmission and reflection coefficients at the STAR-RIS, subject to rate constraints for information decoding receivers(IDRs), transmit power constraint at the BS, and coefficient constraints of each element at the STAR-RIS corresponding to the three protocols. Solving this optimization problem poses challenges because of the complicated objective function and numerous coupled optimization variables of the ES STAR-RIS. To address this complexity, an efficient alternating optimization(AO) approach is proposed as an iterative solution method that achieves suboptimal results. The AO algorithm is then extended to MS STAR-RIS and TS STAR-RIS. Specifically, for MS STRA-RIS, binary constraints in the STAR-RIS coefficient optimization subproblem are handled using the first-order approximation technique along with the penalty function method. For TS STAR-RIS, apart from optimizing BS transmit beamforming and STAR-RIS coefficients subproblems, the transmission and reflection time allocation of STAR-RIS also needs *** findings demonstrate that compared to conventional RIS-aided systems, utilizing three different protocols in a STAR-RIS-aided sy

关键词： STAR-RIS beamforming SWIPT alternating optimization nonlinear energy harvesting

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Energy-efficient cluster-based routing in VANET assisted by hybrid jellyfish and beluga optimisation and fault tolerance

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International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems 2025年第1期18卷 1-30页

作者： Mahesh, R.K. Jawaligi, Shivkumar S. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Sharnbasva University Karnataka Kalaburagi India

VANET clustering solves scalability issues while fortifying the network and extending its lifespan. The following phases are included in the developed work on Energy-Efficient Cluster-based Routing (EECR) and Fuzzy-Topsis (FT) in VANET: Cluster head selection, routing and fault tolerance are the first three. Initially, the Hybrid Shuffled Shepherd Namib Beetle Optimisation Algorithm (HSS-NBO) method, which is centred on the prior work, is used to pick the cluster heads. Then, using the created Combined Jellyfish Beluga Whale Optimisation (CJ-BWO) model, routing is done as efficiently as possible while taking into account limitations such as security, trust, delay, quality of service, energy and connection quality (RSSI). Then, as a prerequisite for energy-efficient processing, the intermediate node forwarding mechanism is applied for void handling. In case of occurring faults, it is tolerated by initially detecting the faults and then proposing a recovery phase with a proxy agent Road Side Unit (RSU) deployed. Copyright © 2025 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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Early Detection of Heartbeat from Multimodal Data Using RPA Learning with KDNN-SAE

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Computer Systems Science & engineering 2023年第4期45卷 545-562页

作者： A.K.S.Saranya T.Jaya Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Ponjesly College of EngineeringNagercoilIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering CSI Institute of TechnologyNagercoilIndia

Heartbeat detection stays central to cardiovascular an electrocardiogram(ECG)is used to help with disease diagnosis and *** Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)-based methods suffer from the less generalization problem thus;the effectiveness and robustness of the traditional heartbeat detector methods cannot be *** contrast,this work proposes a heartbeat detector Krill based Deep Neural Network Stacked Auto Encoders(KDNN-SAE)that computes the disease before the exact heart rate by combining features from multiple ECG *** are classified independently and multiple signals are fused to estimate life threatening conditions earlier without any error in classification of heart *** work contained Training and testing stages,in the preparation part at first the Adaptive Filter Enthalpy-based Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD)is utilized to eliminate the motion artifact in the *** that point,the robotic process automation(RPA)learning part extracts the effective features are extracted,and normalized the value of the feature then estimated utilizing the RPA loss *** last KDNN-SAE prepared training for the data stored in the *** the subsequent stage,input signal compute motion artifact and RPA Learning the evaluation part determines the detection of *** early diagnosis of heart failures is an essential *** results of the experiments show that our proposed method has a high score outcome of *** to the CIF,which reaches *** CNN and Artificial Neural Network(ANN)had less score 0.95115 and 0.90147.

关键词： Deep neural network krill herd optimization stack auto-encoder adaptive filter enthalpy based empirical mode decomposition robotic process automation

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Sawtooth-enhanced bend sensor for gesture recognition

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1727-1736页

作者： BAI YanRu ZHANG ZiHang WANG HaoYu GUO Rui LI XiSheng School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Advanced Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Gesture recognition has diverse application prospects in the field of human-computer ***,gesture recognition devices based on strain sensors have achieved remarkable results,among which liquid metal materials have considerable advantages due to their high tensile strength and *** improve the detection sensitivity of liquid metal strain sensors,a sawtooth-enhanced bending sensor is proposed in this *** with the results from previous studies,the bending sensor shows enhanced resistance *** addition,combined with machine learning algorithms,a gesture recognition glove based on the sawtooth-enhanced bending sensor is also fabricated in this study,and various gestures are accurately *** the fields of human-computer interaction,wearable sensing,and medical health,the sawtooth-enhanced bending sensor shows great potential and can have wide application prospects.

关键词： liquid metal bending sensor gesture recognition machine learning

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Hybrid machine learning-based 3-dimensional UAV node localization for UAV-assisted wireless networks

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Cognitive Robotics 2025年 5卷 61-76页

作者： Negassa, Workeneh Geleta Gelmecha, Demissie J. Singh, Ram Sewak Rathee, Davinder Singh Electronics and Communication Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia

This paper presents a hybrid machine-learning framework for optimizing 3-Dimensional (3D) Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) node localization and resource distribution in UAV-assisted THz 6G networks to ensure efficient coverage in dynamic, high-density environments. The proposed model efficiently managed interference, adapted to UAV mobility, and ensured optimal throughput by dynamically optimizing UAV trajectories. The hybrid framework combined the strengths of Graph Neural Networks (GNN) for feature aggregation, Deep Neural Networks (DNN) for efficient resource allocation, and Double Deep Q-Networks (DDQN) for distributed decision-making. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed model outperformed traditional machine learning models, significantly improving energy efficiency, latency, and throughput. The hybrid model achieved an optimized energy efficiency of 90 Tbps/J, reduced latency to 0.0105 ms, and delivered a network throughput of approximately 96 Tbps. The model adapts to varying link densities, maintaining stable performance even in high-density scenarios. These findings underscore the framework's potential to address key challenges in UAV-assisted 6G networks, paving the way for scalable and efficient communication in next-generation wireless systems. © 2025

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Area-efficient low-power image watermarking architecture using faithful approximation and reversible logic

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第18期84卷 1-35页

作者： Silambarasan, D. Vijeyakumar, K.N. Saranya, K. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering Chennai India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India

Approximate computing and reversible logic have become vital concepts in designing low-power, area-efficient datapath units for portable image and signal processing applications. In this approach, a low-power, reversible architecture targeting digital image watermarking is proposed. The reported low-power Reversible Watermark Architecture (LP-RWA) implements a novel high-speed embed unit to blend the watermark image onto the cover image. The proposed embed unit performs block-level parallel accumulation and incorporates hybrid computing with approximate parallel carry logic (APC) for n/2 least significant bits (LSBs) and the standard carry logic (SC) for n/2 most significant bits (MSBs) to achieve area efficiency and speed improvement. Note that the implementation of APC in the least n/2 bits introduces a maximal error of 2n/2;however, we add a suitable constant unit bias at an appropriate position to faithfully restrict the error within -2n/2–1 to + 2n/2–1. Furthermore, we use reversible logic for implementation to achieve low-power operation and perfect recovery of the watermark image from the blended image without much signal loss. An area-efficient version of the LP-RWA (AE-RWA) is also reported, eliminating the generation of least significant n/4 bits in the approximate part of the Reversible Faithful Embed (RFE) unit. This elimination operation increases the average error during recovery;however, the maximum error is maintained within ± 2n/2–1. Evaluations show that LP-RWA exhibits 38.8%, 25%, 27.7%, and 27.2% reductions, and AE-RWA exhibits 46%, 32.7%, 34.3%, and 58.6% reductions in Quantum Cost (QC), Gate Count (GC), Garbage Output (GO), and Logic Depth, respectively, when compared to the standard reversible watermarking architecture. Synthesis results of LP-RWA and AE-RWA designs with 90 nm Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) Process Design Kit (PDK) technology with a number of bits in input operand (n) = 16 and employing 4 bits in each block sho

关键词： Cryptography

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