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Design and verification of FPGA-based prototype of VSG controller

International Journal of Power and Energy Conversion 2024年第3期15卷 257-280页

作者： Kumar, Praveen Sairamkrishna, Vinendra Sen, Sachidananda Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Purnea College of Engineering DSTTE Bihar Purnea854303 India Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Roorkee India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering SR University Telangana Warangal506371 India

Distributed generation leads to the loss of inertia that causes higher fluctuations in system dynamics and reduces frequency stability. This effect is very high in the case of microgrids (MGs). A virtual synchronous generator (VSG), which is the imitation of the synchronous generator, ascertained to be a reliable way to bring back the lost inertia. However, as phase-locked loop (PLL) is nonlinear, its use in measurement of frequency and rate of change of frequency can degrade the response time, and it can become worst with lower voltages. In this work, a VSG controller without using PLL is proposed and the controller does not depend on the magnitude of voltage. The Verilog hardware description language is used to develop the hardware prototype of the VSG controller. The hardware is developed on the FPGA board viz. SPARTAN-3E FPGA. The prototype is verified and validated by the hardware-in-loop (HIL) in a real-time environment using a real-time digital simulator. Its performance is tested under various disturbances in the MG and results are compared with MG without VSG and with simulated VSG. The results suggest that the hardware prototype of VSG is stabilising disturbances in the MG to a great extent by providing virtual inertia. © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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A voting-based trustworthy distributed IoT attack detection model

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Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 2025年第1期29卷 103-118页

作者： Sharma, Priya Sharma, Sanjay Kumar Dani, Diksha University School of Information & Communication Technology Gautam Buddha University Greater Noida India Department of Computer Engineering SVKM’s NMIMS Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering Mumbai India

Besides the enhancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) distributed environment, anomalous activities are also escalating rapidly. Therefore, improving the trustworthiness of distributed networks is required for the extensive adoption of IoT infrastructure. Establishing a security mechanism in IoT networks is a challenging task as communication links are lossy and connected devices are resource-dependent. Conventional security techniques such as intrusion detection systems (IDS) are insufficient to shelter the IoT-distributed environment due to less computational capacity, restricted upgraded devices, and mismatched protocols. This paper proposes a novel machine learning-based trustworthy model for IoT attack detection. The proposed system combines the capability of Ada-boost and Gradient-boost to classify anomalous activities with low computational capacity proficiently and within a minimum time frame. Experiments were conducted on Distributed Smart Space Orchestration System (DS2OS) IoT dataset to assess the significance of the novel attack detection model. The demonstration shows that the proposed model obtains 98.28% training accuracy, 98.26% testing accuracy, and 99.25% AUC score. A confusion matrix has also been calculated to check the authenticity of the results—a comparison of the proposed model with individual learners and existing models proves that the proposed model outperformed. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Network intrusion

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Four Notches Microstrip Magic Tee Junction for C-Band applications

Four Notches Microstrip Magic Tee Junction for C-Band applic...

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2024 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, electronics and Computer Science, SCEECS 2024

作者： Kumar Nema, Rajesh Upadhyay, Veena Ies College of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bhopal India Ies University Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bhopal India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348460

Four notches Magic T- shape Microstrip antenna for C-Band application is presented in this paper. The Propose designing of Magic Tee junction is configured according to micro-strip structure. The Primary and auxiliary sections are designed with respect to the broad and narrow dimensions of rectangular waveguide. The Top layer of Magic tee junction design through horizontal and vertical slotting techniques. Symmetrical four T-Slots and cross configure ground plans are used in a patch for optimization of the inductance of geometry. From the simulation results achieved four notches in the C-Band where return loss ≤ -10dB, at 4.1GHz, 4.6 GHz, 4.75 GHz, and 5.65GHz. This proposed antenna is transmitting the signal through four ports at four notches. The prototypes of the design configurations were fabricated and tested. Experimental and simulation results validate the design of the proposed magic tee junction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Magic T- shape Microstrip antenna wireless communication C-Band application

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Basic EEG Signal Processing and Movement Classification for Mind-Controlled Prosthetic Arm 4

Basic EEG Signal Processing and Movement Classification for ...

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4th International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems, ICPECTS 2024

作者： Manikandan, J. Mangaiyarkarasi, V. Saritha, G. Suganya, M. Gayathri, R.J. Murali, Swathi Sri Sairam Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering West Tambaram Chennai India New Prince Shri Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chennai India Sri Sairam Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508845

This study presents a preliminary investigation into the feasibility of controlling a prosthetic arm using electroencephalography (EEG) signals. EEG data was collected and pre-processed to isolate relevant brain activity associated with hand movements. Basic feature extraction techniques were applied to quantify these patterns, followed by a simple classification algorithm to distinguish between hand open and closed states. While demonstrating the potential of EEG-based control, this research highlights the need for advanced signal processing, robust feature engineering, and sophisticated machine learning models to achieve accurate and reliable prosthetic control. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Biomedical signal processing

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Secure electronics Medical Infrastructure for Healthcare 4.0: A Voice Identity Management-Based Approach 2

Secure Electronics Medical Infrastructure for Healthcare 4.0...

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2nd International Conference on Machine Learning and Data engineering, ICMLDE 2023

作者： Pal, Prashnatita Sahana, Bikash Chandra Poray, Jayanta Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna India Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Techno India University Kolkata India Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering St Thomas College of Engineering & Technology Kolkata India

Securing Electronic Medical Records for Healthcare 4.0 is one of the prime requirements in the medical care service domains. Healthcare 4.0 refers to the evolution process of healthcare systems that leverage digital technologies, connectivity, and data-driven insights to provide more personalized and efficient care. With the increasing adoption of electronic healthcare records and the growing importance of data in the healthcare sector, ensuring the privacy of patient data becomes paramount. To ensuring the security for healthcare 4.0 in the current work a voice authentication-based system is devised. This enables the protection of electronic healthcare records (EHRs) in the association of healthcare 4.0. More precisely here the voice authentication is used as an additional layer of security for accessing and managing EHRs. The Voice authentication can also be categorized as the voice biometric. This is a technology that uses unique voice characteristics and patterns to verify the identity of individuals. The result establishes the innovative smart security arrangement for the Healthcare 4.0 using the voice authentication-based identity management infrastructure;and a modified version of asymmetric cryptosystem has been used inside the blockchain. The simulation outcome indicates better performance in the form of block generation time, block number, ensure the transaction, and minimize the latency of the transaction. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blockchain

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Innovative Graphene-Enhanced Terahertz Antennas for Next-Generation communication Systems 2

Innovative Graphene-Enhanced Terahertz Antennas for Next-Gen...

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2nd International Conference on Microwave, Antenna and communication, MAC 2024

作者： Srinivas, S. Dwivedi, Ajay Kumar Singh, Vivek Singh, Suyash Kumar Nagarjuna College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Bengaluru India Indian United College of Engineering and Research Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Allahabad Prayagraj India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350104

This paper explores the development of advanced electromagnetic antennas operating in the micro- and millimeter-wave spectra, essential for modern communication, radar, environmental monitoring, and medical applications. To address increasing demands for higher data rates and miniaturization, the focus is on antennas operating in the terahertz (THz) range. Graphene, known for its superior electromagnetic properties and ability to support surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), is highlighted as a key material. A microstrip antenna design incorporating a graphene layer on an SiO2 substrate is presented, demonstrating enhanced performance with tunable electrical properties and a resonance at 0.92 THz. This study underscores graphene's potential in advancing THz antenna technology. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Microstrip antennas

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Optimizing satellite image brightness and entropy with the african vulture algorithm for enhanced visual quality

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International Journal of Information technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-12页

作者： Rajesh, V. Sivakumar, P. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tiruchirappalli Tiruchirappalli India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Tamil Nadu Krishnankoil India

Satellite images commonly exhibit constrained brightness values, facilitating the enhancement of contrast to preserve pertinent details before conducting further image analysis. Enhancing the brightness of the images serves as an first phase in the analysis of image, given that image quality significantly influences human perception. Metaheuristics have proven to be effective in addressing intricate image processing challenges. This paper presents an effort to present the versatility and effectiveness of a method in searching best solutions to enhance the brightness of the images. The image’s intensity is improved through a transformation term (TT) and the AVA (African Vulture Algorithm). The intensity transformation integrates information from optimal information of the satellite images. The AVA method is utilized to determine the optimal pixel values capable of enhancing the maximization in low contrast satellite images. Simultaneously, the AVA considers the objective function which enhances the image quality by considering the factors which includes entropy and edge details. The experimentation is demonstrated on the dataset and achieved better contrast and entropy values of 21.036 and 0.806 respectively. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of Computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： African vulture algorithm Edge details Entropy Optimal solutions Satellite images Transformation term

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Design and Implementation of Quad Element Planar Monopole MIMO Antenna for Industrial Parameter Monitoring Systems using LoRa WAN

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Journal of engineering Science and technology Review 2023年第5期16卷 174-179页

作者： Boologam, Ananda Venkatesan Krishnan, Kalimuthu Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur603203 India

In this manuscript a stair case shaped planar monopole antenna for LoRa WAN application is proposed. The proposed unit element produces peak resonant at 2.41GHz with the operating bandwidth of 150MHz. The proposed structure has been constructed on FR4 substrate of thickness of 1.6mm with the dimension of 15 x24mm2. The equivalent electrical dimension is 0.12 λo x 0.19 λo. A quad element MIMO structure has been constructed using the designed unit cell. The physical dimension of the MIMO array is 39 x 39 mm2 and electrical equivalent is 0.3l λo x0.31 λo. The mutual coupling between the adjacent elements are © 2023 school of Science, IHU. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Monopole antennas

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Performance Analysis of Mixed FSO-UWOC DualHop Transmission System 5

Performance Analysis of Mixed FSO-UWOC DualHop Transmission ...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Computing, Power, and communication Technologies, IC2PCT 2024

作者： Joshi, Deepesh Sharma, Deergh Singh, Himanshu Agrawal, Rachit Rani, Rekha Mohammed Shariff, A.S. Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Greater Noida India Delhi Technological University Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383522

This paper has been written in order to get an insight into the performance analysis done for a mixed FSO-UWOC dualhop transmission system that uses Fischer-Snedecor F Distribution for the Free Space Optical (FSO) part of the transmission system and uses Exponential Generalized Gamma (EGG) for the underwater link. In this the research paper the main focus is kept on finding the outage probability of the proposed communication model while considering the turbulences due to various natural occurrences present underwater like difference in water density for underwater channel and also the air bubbles and gases present in it. The parameters that are derived in this paper comprise of Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF), Probability Density Function (PDF) and the Outage Probability of the system without pointing error. This paper can be considered as a base for further research to be done on underwater communication systems to be developed in the future. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Amplify-and-forward fading Fischer Distribution free space optics without pointing error

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Vehicle Type Detection and Classification Using Enhanced ReliefF Algorithm and Long Short-Term Memory Network

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2023年第2期104卷 485-499页

作者： Sathyanarayana, N. Narasimhamurthy, Anand M. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vemana Institute of Technology Bengaluru India Bengaluru India

In recent times, vehicle type classification (VTC) is considered important for intelligent transport system. The VTC is a challenging research topic, due to the factors like minimum interclass variance and maximum intraclass variance. In this research manuscript, a novel algorithm is implemented for improving VTC. Firstly, the data are acquired from the MIOvision-Traffic Camera Database (MIO-TCD) and a toll booth database. Further, a camera response method is employed for improving the visual capability of the raw acquired data and then, the Kalman filtering technique and Gaussian mixture model are utilized for recognition and tracking of moving vehicles. Next, the feature-extraction techniques: local binary pattern, steerable pyramid transform, and dual tree complex wavelet transform are employed for extracting feature values, and further, the active feature values are selected using the enhanced reliefF algorithm. Finally, the long short-term memory is accomplished for classifying 11 vehicle categories on MIO-TCD, and six vehicle categories on toll booth database. The simulation results stated that the proposed algorithm attained 99.01% and 95.85% of accuracy on MIO-TCD and toll booth databases, respectively. © 2022, The Institution of Engineers (India).

关键词： Local binary pattern

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