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Low-complexity detector performance evaluation for cell-free massive MIMO systems

International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 2024年第2期27卷 141-151页

作者： Solanki, Mitesh Gupta, Shilpi Department of Information and Communication Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Marwadi University Gujarat Rajkot India Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat Gujarat Surat India

In 5G, massive MIMO enhances spectral and energy efficiency through beamforming and spatial multiplexing, despite challenges like intercellular interference. It excels in user-centric transmissions, addressing interference and improving wireless communication with macro-diversity. Characterised by its scalability and a cell-free design, massive MIMO stands out from other wireless systems. The article explores the potential of a newly proposed detector, providing insight into its capabilities. Additionally, we examine the challenges associated with increased network backhauling overhead. Conjugate Gradient-based Likelihood Ascent Search (CGLAS), a robust signal detection approach, aims to improve convergence speed and reduce errors in cell-free massive MIMO. An analysis of various antenna configurations provides insight into the performance of the detector. Additionally, the joint channel estimation and signal detection (JCD) method is used in scenarios with imperfect Channel State Information (CSI). The numerical results confirm CGLAS’ superiority, with a 3.9 dB performance improvement and a reduced execution time complexity. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： MIMO systems

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Design and Implementation of Hand Exoskeleton for Rheumatoid Arthritis Rehabilitation

Design and Implementation of Hand Exoskeleton for Rheumatoid...

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2025 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, electronics and Computer Science, SCEECS 2025

作者： Balaji, Sudharshan Jaba Deva Krupa, A. Bharanidivya, Madhavan Dhanalakshmi, Samiappan Srm Institute of Science and Technology College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chennai603203 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529833

Inflammation of the joints is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a long-term inflammatory disease that can cause significant discomfort, limited range of motion, and impaired hand function. Developing a tailored hand exoskeleton to help RA patients carry out routine activities and regain some dexterity in their hands is the primary goal of this study. This exoskeleton is designed specifically for RA sufferers. It uses precise actuation technology and soft, adaptable materials to help in gripping and finger extension without making the patient uncomfortable or requiring them to move against their will. With its built-in sensors, the exoskeleton keeps tabs on the user's every motion, analyzing their joint locations and patterns to provide real-time feedback and tailor adjustments to their specific mobility and pain. RA sufferers will be able to modify the support levels of the exoskeleton based on the type of activity they are performing and the amount of pain they are experiencing. Control will be achieved through an interface that is easy to use. This project aims to produce an assistive device that improves the quality of life for individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by boosting freedom in daily activities while minimizing joint stress. This will be accomplished by merging several biomedical principles with modern robotics. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Exoskeleton (Robotics)

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Cloud technology-Enabled IoT Milk Quality Assessment and Billing System for Dairy Cooperatives

Cloud Technology-Enabled IoT Milk Quality Assessment and Bil...

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2025 International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems for Collaborative Intelligence, ICMSCI 2025

作者： Mahendrakumar, S. Karthikeyan, G. Muthuvinayagam, M. Vijayakumari, G. Jamuna, P. Vanitha, K. Velalar College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Erode638012 India Sona College of Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Salem India Mahendra Engineering College Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Mallasamudram Namakkal India Builders Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kangeyam638108 India Nandha Engineering College Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Erode India Velalar College of Engineering and Technology Department of Medical Electronics Erode638012 India

ISBN: (数字)9798331509828

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509828

Milk mostly comprises water, with 13% of its composition consisting of proteins, lipids, carbs, vitamins, and minerals. Regrettably, milk and dairy products are recognized as the most polluted commodities globally. Adulteration may transpire through the incorporation of basic adulterants, such as water, into natural milk, leading to a substantial decline in its nutritional quality. The suggested system establishes a milk quality monitoring system based on the IoT. The system's foundation is an ESP32 Wroom module that acquires real-time data from many sensors. The sensors comprise a pH sensor for acidity measurement, a waterproof temperature sensor for monitoring storage temperature, a Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR) for possible contamination detection, and a TDS sensor for evaluating total mineral content. The gathered data is subsequently analyzed to assess the milk quality. The system determines an appropriate milk price based on the examined quality data. The price information and sensor readings are presented on two platforms: a Blynk cloud application for remote monitoring and a 16×2 LCD display for on-site viewing. This advanced solution enables dairy producers to guarantee milk quality, enhance pricing tactics, and reduce possible losses. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： pH sensors

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Exploring MIMO-NOMA: Enhancing Multi-user communication with Power Allocation 6th

Exploring MIMO-NOMA: Enhancing Multi-user Communication with...

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6th International Conference on Intelligent communication, Control and Devices, ICICCD 2024

作者： Naveen, B. Ramaswamy, T. Subba Rao, S.P.V. Pothalaiah, S. Saikiran, S. Siri Chandana, A. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology Telangana Hyderabad India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vignana Bharathi Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783281

This paper presents a novel approach to integrating non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) within a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) framework, emphasizing new power allocation strategies designed to optimize multi-user communication efficiencies. The study introduces a unique MIMO-NOMA setup in which two users—categorized based on their signal strength as weak and strong—are served simultaneously by a single transmitter. This research offers a detailed comparison with traditional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) techniques, assessing key performance metrics such as achievable sum rates and outage probabilities. Utilizing advanced MATLAB simulations, the study evaluates system behaviour across various scenarios, highlighting the innovative aspects of MIMO-NOMA. The findings underscore that MIMO-NOMA not only surpasses MIMO-OMA in terms of sum rates by exploiting simultaneous transmissions but also significantly lowers outage probabilities for both user types. Concluding with an exploration of future enhancements, the paper specifically suggests implementing sophisticated beamforming techniques to further improve the performance and efficiency of MIMO-NOMA systems, marking a substantial advancement in the field. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Beamforming

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Fall Detection System for Elderly People using Piezoresistive Textile Pressure Sensor

Fall Detection System for Elderly People using Piezoresistiv...

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2025 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, electronics and Computer Science, SCEECS 2025

作者： Vyas, Rishabh Shirley, J. Abanah Jansi, R. Srm Institute of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kattankulathur603203 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529833

Fall detection systems are critical for ensuring the safety and well-being of the elderly and others with mobility challenges. This paper presents the design and development of a fall detection system employing a textile pressure sensor constructed using piezoresistive Velostat material, sandwiched between two layers of conductive fabric. The developed pressure sensor is embedded into wearable socks, offering a flexible and unobtrusive solution for continuous monitoring. The piezoresistive nature of the sensor allows it to detect pressure changes when a fall occurs, capturing real-time data. The system processes this data to distinguish between normal activities and fall events based on predefined thresholds. The fall detection system also features wireless communication for real-time alerts, ensuring immediate assistance can be provided when a fall is detected. This approach provides an efficient and non-intrusive method for enhancing safety, with potential applications in home care and healthcare monitoring for at-risk individuals. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Wearable sensors

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Fabrication of β-Phase PVDF/MWCNTs Nanofibers on a Flexible Substrate for Energy Harvesting Application 5

Fabrication of β-Phase PVDF/MWCNTs Nanofibers on a Flexible...

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5th IEEE Global Conference for Advancement in technology, GCAT 2024

作者： Chauhan, Sandeep Singh Sharma, Sarda Muhiuddin, Mohammad Rahman, M.R. Amrita School of Engineering Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bengaluru India National Institute of Technology Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Karnataka India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376685

It is challenging to deposit the pristine polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) in β crystalline phase on a flexible substrate since pristine PVDF exists in the α-phase. This paper presents a novel formation of nanofibers membrane of PVDF in which multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) is added as the composite in PVDF for transformation from α to β phase. The PVDF/MWCNTs nanofibers is electro spun after adding carboxyl functionalized MWCNT with PVDF to form the β phase. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) is used to characterize the presence of the nanofiber's membrane. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to characterize the β phase and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is used to detect the functionalized bonds in the formation of PVDF/MWCNTs nanofibers on a flexible Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). The measurement of the polarization of electric field hysteresis shows good characteristics with Ps, Pr, and EC are 9.58 μC/m2, 4 μC/m2, and 1 MV/m, respectively. The optimized film has a high potential for application as the piezoelectric material in energy harvesting devices fabricated on a flexible PET film. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Energy Management of Base Station in 5G and B5G: Revisited

Energy Management of Base Station in 5G and B5G: Revisited

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2024 International Conference on Knowledge engineering and communication Systems, ICKECS 2024

作者： Choudhary, Amar Kumar, Gaurav Dhariwal, Sandeep Srivastava, Geetika Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bengaluru India Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita School of Engineering Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bengaluru Campus Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359688

The popularity of 5G enabled services are gaining momentum across the globe. It is not only about the high data rate offered by the 5G but also its capability to accommodate myriad of connected devices. To ensure the Quality of Services (QoS), 5G could be deployed either in non-standalone or in standalone mode, having their own merits. Due to infrastructural limitations, non-standalone mode deployment of 5G is preferred as compared to standalone mode. To achieve low latency, higher throughput, larger capacity, higher reliability, and wider connectivity, 5G base stations (gNodeB) need to be deployed in mmWave. Since mmWave base stations (gNodeB) are typically capable of radiating up to 200-400 meters in urban locality. Therefore, high density of these stations is required for actual 5G deployment, that leads to huge power consumption. It is reported that Radio Access Network (RAN) consumes almost 70% of the input power supply. Therefore, energy management methodologies at RAN are required. Many methodologies like symbol shut down, carrier shutdown, deep sleep etc., have been reported in the literature. In this work, a parametric study of these methodologies has been carried out. Based on this study the effective mechanism for energy management has been suggested. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Radio access networks

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Multi-layer network embedding on scc-based network with motif

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Digital communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 546-556页

作者： Lu Sun Xiaona Li Mingyue Zhang Liangtian Wan Yun Lin Xianpeng Wang Gang Xu Department of Communication Engineering Institute of Information Science TechnologyDalian Maritime UniversityDalian116026China Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing400065China Key Laboratory for Ubiquitous Network and Service Software of Liaoning Province DUT School of Software Technology&DUT-RU International School of Information Science and EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116620China College of Information and Communication Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Interconnection of all things challenges the traditional communication methods,and Semantic communication and Computing(SCC)will become new *** is a challenging task to accurately detect,extract,and represent semantic information in the research of SCC-based *** previous research,researchers usually use convolution to extract the feature information of a graph and perform the corresponding task of node ***,the content of semantic information is quite *** graph convolutional neural networks provide an effective solution for node classification tasks,due to their limitations in representing multiple relational patterns and not recognizing and analyzing higher-order local structures,the extracted feature information is subject to varying degrees of ***,this paper extends from a single-layer topology network to a multi-layer heterogeneous topology *** Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)training word vector is introduced to extract the semantic features in the network,and the existing graph neural network is improved by combining the higher-order local feature module of the network model representation network.A multi-layer network embedding algorithm on SCC-based networks with motifs is proposed to complete the task of end-to-end node *** verify the effectiveness of the algorithm on a real multi-layer heterogeneous network.

关键词： Semantic communication and computing Multi-layer network Graph neural network Motif

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Anomaly Detection of MIL-STD-1553 Word Types Based on LSTM 5

Anomaly Detection of MIL-STD-1553 Word Types Based on LSTM

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5th International Conference on Sensing, Measurement and Data Analytics in the Era of Artificial Intelligence, ICSMD 2024

作者： Xi, Longyu Meng, Shengwei Pan, Dawei Song, Yuchen Liu, Datong Peng, Xiyuan School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China College of Information and Communication Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529192

MIL-STD-1553 is a data bus standard that is widely used in many military scenarios due to its high reliability and stability for real-time time-division multiplexing communication. The robust design of the MIL-STD-1553 helps to improve the fault tolerance of the bus system in the event of an anomaly, but detection of these anomalies is necessary to minimize their generation and ensure reliable data transmission from a testing perspective. With a variety of information transfer formats on MIL-STD-1553, it is important to find a method of anomaly detection that is accurate, efficient and universal. To address this issue, this paper proposes a method based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to predict MIL-STD-1553 word types as an indicator of anomaly detection. Firstly, this paper proposes a MIL-STD-1553 word encoding method to extract the sequential features during information transmission. Then, an LSTM-based model is used to predict the type of the next word based on the encoded sequence of known MIL-STD-1553 words. Finally, the anomalies are determined by comparing the actual word type with the predicted word type. The method was validated on datasets containing word type anomalies and datasets containing attack injections that can lead to word type anomalies. The experimental results show that the method is effective in identifying word type anomalies in MIL-STD-1553 information transfer sequences. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Encoding (symbols)

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Flexible sensors with zero Poisson's ratio

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 153-169页

作者： Xin Huang Tianzhao Bu Qingyang Zheng Shaoyu Liu Yangyang Li Han Fang Yuqi Qiu Bin Xie Zhouping Yin Hao Wu Department of Mechanical Engineering Flexible Electronics Research Center State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic Science and Technology School of Integrated CircuitsHuazhong University of Science and Technology

Flexible sensors have been developed for the perception of various stimuli. However, complex deformation,usually resulting from forces or strains from multi-axes, can be challenging to measure due to the lack of independent perception of multiaxial stimuli. Herein, flexible sensors based on the metamaterial membrane with zero Poisson's ratio(ZPR) are proposed to achieve independent detection of biaxial stimuli. By deliberately designing the geometric dimensions and arrangement parameters of elements, the Poisson's ratio of an elastomer membrane can be modulated from negative to positive, and the ZPR membrane can maintain a constant transverse dimension under longitudinal stimuli. Due to the accurate monitoring of grasping force by ZPR sensors that are insensitive to curvatures of contact surfaces, rigid robotic manipulators can be guided to safely grasp deformable objects. Meanwhile, the ZPR sensor can also precisely distinguish different states of manipulators. When ZPR sensors are attached to a thermal-actuation soft robot, they can accurately detect the moving distance and direction. This work presents a new strategy for independent biaxial stimuli perception through the design of mechanical metamaterials, and may inspire the future development of advanced flexible sensors for healthcare, human–machine interfaces and robotic tactile sensing.

关键词： zero Poisson's ratio metamaterials independent perception of multiaxial stimuli flexible sensor

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