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Multi-feature query language for image classification

Procedia Computer Science 2010年第1期1卷 2539-2547页

作者： Raoul Pascal Pein Joan Lu Department of Informatics School of Computing and Engineering University of Huddersfield Huddersfield United Kingdom

Despite the major effort put into the creation of Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems during the last decade, the solutions available are still not satisfying for generic purposes. The most severe issue seems to be the so-called “semantic gap”. It is feasible to define and use domain specific feature vectors on a low level and use this information for a similarity based retrieval. Yet, mapping these to higher level semantics remains difficult. This research investigates a domain-independent way of automatized image categorization. A CBIR query language is constructed to build query-like descriptors for each category to be learned. The proposed learning algorithm is based on decision-trees. The resulting descriptors are aimed to be understandable and modifiable by expert users. A casestudy is presented to support these claims.

关键词： Content-based image retrieval Categorization Query language Decision tree

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Efficient common items extraction from multiple sorted lists

Efficient common items extraction from multiple sorted lists

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12th International Asia Pacific Web Conference, APWeb 2010

作者： Lu, Wei Rong, Chuitian Chen, Jinchuan Du, Xiaoyong Cheong Fung, Gabriel Pui Zhou, Xiaofang School of Information Renmin University of China China Key Labs of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education China School of Computing Informatics Arizona State University United States School of ITEE University of Queensland Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9780769540122

Given a set of lists, where items of each list are sorted by the ascending order of their values, the objective of this paper is to figure out the common items that appear in all of the lists efficiently. This problem is sometimes known as common items extraction from sorted lists. To solve this problem, one common approach is to scan all items of all lists sequentially in parallel until one of the lists is exhausted. However, we observe that if the overlap of items across all lists is not high, such sequential access approach can be significantly improved. In this paper, we propose two algorithms, MergeSkip and MergeESkip, to solve this problem by taking the idea of skipping as many items of lists as possible. As a result, a large number of comparisons among items can be saved, and hence the efficiency can be improved. We conduct extensive analysis of our proposed algorithms on one real dataset and two synthetic datasets with different data distributions. We report all our findings in this paper. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Problem solving

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SecureCloud: Towards a comprehensive security framework for cloud computing environments

SecureCloud: Towards a comprehensive security framework for ...

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IEEE International Workshop on Requirements engineering for Services

作者： Takabi, Hassan Joshi, James B.D. Ahn, Gail-Joon School of Information Sciences University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States School of Computing Informatics and Decisions Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541051

Cloud computing has recently gained tremendous momentum but still is in its infancy. It has the potential for significant cost reduction and the increased operating efficiencies in computing. Although security issues are delaying its fast adoption, cloud computing is an unstoppable force and we need to provide security mechanisms to ensure its secure adoption. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive security framework for cloud computing environments. We also discuss challenges, existing solutions, approaches, and future work needed to provide a trustworthy cloud computing environment. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Cost reduction

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Gradual identity exposure using attribute-based encryption

Gradual identity exposure using attribute-based encryption

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IEEE International Conference on Social computing

作者： Huang, Dijiang Zhou, Zhibin Yan, Zhu School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States Computer Science Peking University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542119

Many Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) schemes do not protect receivers' privacy, such that all the attributes to describe the eligible receivers are transmitted in plaintexts. Hidden policy-based ABE schemes have been proposed to protect receivers' privacy by using a construction that requires every user in the system to decrypt the ciphertext using all the attributes they possess, which incurs great computation and communication overhead. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a new concept - Gradual Identity Exposure (GIE) - to protect data receivers' identity. Our approach is to reveal the receivers' information gradually by allowing ciphertext recipients for decrypting the message using their possessed attributes one-by-one (but not all). If the receiver does not possess one attribute in this procedure, the rest of attributes are still hidden. Compared to hidden-policy based solutions, GIE provides significant performance improvement in terms of reducing both computation and communication overhead. We also present a theoretical framework to model the GIE with several new proposed concepts. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Cryptography

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Prospects of solar energy in Australia

Prospects of solar energy in Australia

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6th International Conference on Electrical and Computer engineering, ICECE 2010

作者： Shafiullah, G.M. Oo, Amanullah M. T. Jarvis, Dennis Shawkat Ali, A.B.M. Wolfs, Peter Faculty of Sciences Engineering and Health CQUniversity Australia School of Computing Sciences Faculty of Arts Business Informatics and Education CQUniversity Australia Faculty of Science and Engineering Curtin University of Technology Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424462797

Today, more than 80% of energy is produced from fossil fuels that pollute the air and surrounding environments each and every day, creating global warming. Therefore it is time to think about alternative sources of energy to build a climate friendly environment. In contrast to fossil fuels, renewable energy offers alternative sources of energy which are in general pollution free, unlimited, and environmentally sustainable. This paper presents a feasibility study undertaken to investigate the prospects of solar energy for the climate similar to Australia so as to further investigate the impacts of renewable energy sources in existing and future smart power systems. The monthly average global solar radiation has been collected for twenty-one locations in Australia from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Hybrid Optimisation Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER), and Renewable-energy and Energy-efficient Technologies (RETScreen) computer tools were used to perform comparative analysis of solar energy with diesel and hybrid systems. Initially, total net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE) and the renewable fraction (RF) were measured as performances metrics to compare the performances of different systems. For better optimisation, the model has been refined with a sensitivity analysis which explores performance variations due to solar irradiation and electricity prices. Finally, a statistical analysis was conducted to select the best potential places in Australia that produce maximum solar energy. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Dynamic highway congestion detection and prediction based on shock waves

Dynamic highway congestion detection and prediction based on...

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7th ACM International Workshop on VehiculAr InterNETworking, VANET '10

作者： Huang, Dijiang Shere, Swaroop Ahn, Soyoung School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 United States School of Civil Environmental and Sustainable Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450301459

Existing highway traffic monitoring system requires to deploy a large number of sensors and video cameras to detect traffic congestions, which is costly and prone to errors and failures [1]. In this paper, we present a distributed traffic detection and prediction solution by using shock wave traffic model. We develop a Hello protocol to maintain the vehicle sequence on the same lane. Based on the measurements of velocity and distance between immediate leading and following vehicles, a vehicle can detect and compute shock wave velocity incurred by vehicle merges or obstacles on the highway. When velocity changes occur continuously, congestions will be formed, which can be detected and predicted by the vehicles through a shock wave detection procedure. Our solution is effective since we only require vehicles to communicate with its neighboring vehicles within its wireless communication range VANET, Traffic Modeling, Congestion Detection and Prediction. Copyright 2010 ACM.

关键词： Vehicles

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Frameproof codes and compressive sensing

Frameproof codes and compressive sensing

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48th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and computing, Allerton 2010

作者： Colbourn, Charles J. Horsley, Daniel Syrotiuk, Violet R. School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University P.O. Box 878809 Tempe AZ 85287-8809 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424482146

Fingerprinting of digital content is often employed to prevent a small coalition of legitimate users from constructing a copy whose fingerprint is registered to a user not in the coalition. Sets of fingerprints that prevent t or fewer users from framing another user in this way are frameproof codes. A frameproof code is termed secure when no fingerprint constructed by a coalition of t or fewer users can also be constructed by a disjoint coalition of t or fewer users. Secure frameproof codes are related to cover-free families arising in combinatorial group testing. Here a different connection is explored. Interpreting frameproof codes and secure frameproof codes as certain types of separating hash families, it is shown that each underlies a useful measurement matrix for compressive sensing. Indeed frameproof codes for coalitions of t users underlie measurement matrices that admit 0-recoverability of t-sparse vectors, while secure frameproof codes for coalitions of t users underlie measurement matrices that admit 1-recoverability of t-sparse vectors. Consequences for the construction of measurement matrices are briefly outlined, but the focus is on the combinatorial similarities of frameproof codes, separating and distributing hash families, and measurement matrices. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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How multiple concurrent users react to a quiz agent attentive to the dynamics of their game participation

How multiple concurrent users react to a quiz agent attentiv...

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9th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems 2010, AAMAS 2010

作者： Huang, Hung-Hsuan Furukawa, Takuya Ohashi, Hiroki Nishida, Toyoaki Cerekovic, Aleksandra Pandzic, Igor S. Nakano, Yukiko Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Japan Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb Croatia Department of Computer and Information Science Seikei University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781617387715

This paper presents a quiz game agent who is attentive to the dynamics of multiple concurrent participants. The attentiveness of this agent is meant to be achieved by an utterance policy that determines the nature of the utterance and whether, when, and to whom to utter. Two heuristics are introduced to drive the policy: the interaction atmosphere (AT) of the participants and the participant who tends to lead the conversation (CLP) at a specifi time point. They are estimated from the activeness of the participants' face movements and acoustic information during their discussion of the answer. In order to the inherent drawback of a 2D agent that makes it difficult for multiple concurrent users to distinguish the focus of its attention, a physical pointer is also introduced. This system is then evaluated using questionnaire investigation and video data analysis. The joint results of the experiments indicated that the methods for estimating AT and CLP worked. The participants pay more attention to the agent and participate in the game more actively if the indication of the pointer is more comprehensive. Copyright © 2010, International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Virtual reality

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A toolkit to explore lived experience of motivation: When words are not enough

A toolkit to explore lived experience of motivation: When wo...

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2011 5th International Conference on Pervasive computing Technologies for Healthcare and Workshops, PervasiveHealth 2011

作者： Axelrod, Lesley Balaam, Madeline Burridge, Jane Smith, Penny Probert Fitzpatrick, Geraldine Mawson, Sue Ricketts, Ian Rodden, Tom User Centred Technology Lab Interactive Systems Informatics University of Sussex Falmer Brighton BN1 9QH United Kingdom Culture Lab Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU United Kingdom School of Health Sciences University of Southampton Southampton S017 1BJ United Kingdom Dept Engineering Science University of Oxford Oxford 0X1 3PJ United Kingdom Human Computer Interaction Group Technical University of Vienna Favoritenstrase 9-11 A-1040 Vienna Austria Centre for Health and Social Care Research Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield S10 2BP United Kingdom School of Computing University of Dundee Dundee DD1 4HN United Kingdom Dept. Computer Science University of Nottingham NG8 IBB United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781936968152

Designing to support motivation is an increasingly important issue, especially as pervasive technologies are used to facilitate various healthy behaviour changes. There are many motivation theories but these do not map specifically to inform design. In 'Motivating Mobility' we explore the lived experiences of motivation of people with stroke, in order to design rehabilitation technologies. Motivation varies between people, between contexts and over time and can be 'difficult to express', particularly for those with communication problems. We describe development of a theoretically based toolkit, principled in both content and form, and using multiple modes of communication, aimed at gathering motivational requirements in order to inspire design. We show use of the toolkit, discuss the rich data collected and reflect on how well the approach works and ties requirements, via their elicitation tool, back to theory. This toolkit has potential to inform design for motivational effect in similar pervasive health applications. © 2011 ICST.

关键词： Motivation

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Multi-objective optimisation for multi-drug chemotherapy scheduling

Multi-objective optimisation for multi-drug chemotherapy sch...

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International Conference on Computer and Information Technology

作者： Algoul, S. Alam, M.S. Hossain, M.A. Majumder, M.A.A. Department of Computing School of Computing Informatics and Media University of Bradford Bradford United Kingdom Department of Applied Physics Electronics and Communication Engineering University of Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Clinical Sciences School of Life Sciences University of Bradford Bradford United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781424484973

This paper presents a multi-drug chemotherapy scheduling method for cancer treatment using multi-objective optimisation technique. Cancer cells, very often, grows resistance to a drug if it is administered alone for a long time and drug resistance eventually causes failure to treatment in most cases. The adaptation of multi-drug treatment in cancer increases the drug performance by reducing the drug resistance. But care must be taken to design the multi-drug scheduling so as to equilibrium the drug beneficial and adverse side effects of the treatment. Conventional clinical methods can hardly find optimum dosages of drugs that can kill maximum cancerous cells with minimum toxic side effects. This is because of the inherent conflict between the cell killing and the toxic side effects in case of cancer. This paper presents a novel method of multi-drug scheduling using multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) that can trading-off between the cell killing and toxic side effects during the whole period of treatment. A close-loop control method, namely Integral-Proportional-Derivative (I-PD) is designed to control dosages of drugs to be infused to the patient's body and MOGA is used to find suitable/acceptable parameters of the controller. A cell compartments model is developed and used to describe the effects of the drugs on different type of cells, plasma drug concentration and toxic side effects. Results show that drug scheduling obtained through the proposed method can reduce the tumour size more than 99% with relatively lower toxic side effects. Moreover, the drug dosage and drug concentration remain at low level throughout the whole period. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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