Recently, several pulsar timing array (PTA) projects have detected evidence of the existence of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) in the nanohertz frequency band, providing confidence in detecting indi...
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Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitati...
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Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze continued...challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative
A series of bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) photocatalysts had been successfully synthesized by doping nickel (Ni) into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) for enhanced photodegradation of methylene bl...
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Wastewater containing organic pollutants, such as dyes, antibiotics or pesticides, is a major environmental problem. Photocatalysis is an effective, environmentally friendly and economically viable method for degradin...
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Wastewater containing organic pollutants, such as dyes, antibiotics or pesticides, is a major environmental problem. Photocatalysis is an effective, environmentally friendly and economically viable method for degrading hazardous organic pollutants in wastewater. Among the heterojunction systems, the ternary heterojunction system is the most effective system due to its higher electron transfer, excellent redox capacity and light-harvesting ability, which are advantageous in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Carbon dots (CDs) are often used as a component in ternary heterojunctions due to their strong absorption within the various regions of the solar spectrum, tunable band structure and up-conversion photoluminescence (UCPL) properties. The optical properties of CDs-based ternary heterojunctions enable faster migration of multiple carriers, effective utilization of sunlight and a shorter migration pathway which enhances the organic pollutant photodegradation efficiency. A profound understanding of the synergistic effects between CDs and semiconductors in ternary heterojunction systems as photocatalysts for organic pollutants degradation is essential for future development. In this review, we comprehensively discuss recent advances of CDs derived from various precursors and their utilization in ternary heterojunction photocatalysts. Furthermore, we conduct a critical analysis on the synergistic effect between CDs and semiconductors for fabricating photocatalysts with optimal organic pollutant degradation performance. In addition, we elaborate on the charge transfer reaction mechanisms and several factors that influence the performance of CDs-based ternary heterojunctions. We also present research gaps in the use of CDs-based heterojunctions for organic pollutant degradation and state future perspectives and research areas. This review provides an insightful discussion on the development of CDs-based ternary heterojunctions for organic pollutant degrada
Drying has been an eco-friendly and cost-efficient method to reduce post-harvest losses of agricultural crops. In various countries, the technique has been widely utilized in the form of Solar Dryer Dome (SDD) buildin...
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Nonprofit organizations (NPOs) lack resources, hindering the quality and quantity of service they can deliver. Meanwhile, NPOs at times have underutilized or even spare resources due to the inability to scale expertis...
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A series of bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) photocatalysts had been successfully synthesized by doping nickel (Ni) into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) for enhanced photodegradation of methylene bl...
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A series of bimetallic MOF (NiZn-ZIF) was successfully synthesized by direct addition of Ni2+ during the synthesis of ZIF-8, and used as photocatalyst for the degradation of methlyene blue (MB) under LED illumination....
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A series of bimetallic MOF (NiZn-ZIF) was successfully synthesized by direct addition of Ni2+ during the synthesis of ZIF-8, and used as photocatalyst for the degradation of methlyene blue (MB) under LED illumination....
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This paper examines the mixed convective heat transfer (HTR) of nanofluid (NFD) flow in a rectangular enclosure with the upper moving wall numerically. The lower wall has a high temperature and a number of semi-circul...
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This paper examines the mixed convective heat transfer (HTR) of nanofluid (NFD) flow in a rectangular enclosure with the upper moving wall numerically. The lower wall has a high temperature and a number of semi-circular obstacles with the same temperature are installed on it. The upper moving wall has a low temperature and the other two walls are insulated. The enclosure can change from horizontal to vertical. Radiation HTR is considered in the enclosure and there is a magnetic field (MGF) that can change the angle from horizontal to vertical affecting the NFD. This study is carried out for different angles of the enclosure and MGF from horizontal to vertical for radiation parameters (RDP) of 0 to 3 and a constant MGF with Hartmann number of 20 and Richardson number of 10. The aim is to estimate the Nusselt number (Nu), entropy generation (ETG), and Bejan number (Be). The SIMPLE algorithm is utilized using FORTRAN software, and optimization is done using artificial intelligence to find the maximum and minimum output values. The results demonstrate that the maximum value of Nu and Bes corresponds to the MGF angle and enclosure angle of 90°. The minimum value of the Nu and the maximum amount of ETG corresponds to the horizontal MGF and horizontal enclosure when the RDP is 1.5. An increment in the RDP enhances the amount of Nu. The maximum amount of ETG, i.e. 12.87, corresponds to the enclosure with an angle of 45° for the horizontal MGF and the absence of RDP. corresponds to the enclosure with an angle of 45° for the horizontal MGF and the absence of RDP. It was also found that most environmental impacts, and hence values for different environmental factors, arise from the production of nanoparticles; thus, it is a significant contributor to environmental impacts.
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