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From laptops to supercomputers: a single highly scalable code base for spiking neuronal network simulations

BMC Neuroscience 2013年第1期14卷 1-2页

作者： Susanne Kunkel Abigail Morrison Markus Diesmann Maximilian Schmidt Jochen M Eppler Moritz Helias Hans E Plesser Jun Igarashi Tomoki Fukai Gen Masumoto Shin Ishii Simulation Laboratory Neuroscience - Bernstein Facility Simulation and Database Technology Institute for Advanced Simulation Jülich Aachen Research Alliance Jülich Research Centre Germany Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-6) and Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6) Jülich Research Centre and JARA Germany Bernstein Center Freiburg Albert-Ludwig University of Freiburg Germany Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience Faculty of Psychology Ruhr-University Bochum Germany Medical Faculty RWTH University Aachen Germany Laboratory for Neural Circuit Theory RIKEN Brain Science Institute Wako Japan Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology Norwegian University of Life Sciences Aas Norway High-Performance Computing Team RIKEN Computational Science Research Program Kobe Japan Integrated Systems Biology Laboratory Department of Systems Science Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Japan

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Semi-metric Networks for Recommender Systems

Semi-metric Networks for Recommender Systems

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IEEE WIC ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (WI)

作者： Tiago Simas Luis M. Rocha Cognitive Science Program Indiana University Bloomington IN USA Center for Complex Networks and Systems School of Informatics & Computing Indiana University Bloomington IN USA

Weighted graphs obtained from co-occurrence in user-item relations lead to non-metric topologies. We use this semi-metric behavior to issue recommendations, and discuss its relationship to transitive closure on fuzzy graphs. Finally, we test the performance of this method against other item- and user-based recommender systems on the Movie lens benchmark. We show that including highly semi-metric edges in our recommendation algorithms leads to better recommendations.

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Reports of the AAAI 2011 conference workshops

Reports of the AAAI 2011 conference workshops

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作者： Agmon, Noa Agrawal, Vikas Aha, David W. Aloimonos, Yiannis Buckley, Donagh Doshi, Prashant Geib, Christopher Grasso, Floriana Green, Nancy Johnston, Benjamin Kaliski, Burt Kiekintveld, Christopher Law, Edith Lieberman, Henry Mengshoel, Ole J. Metzler, Ted Modayil, Joseph Oard, Douglas W. Onder, Nilufer O'Sullivan, Barry Pastra, Katerina Precup, Doina Ramachandran, Sowmya Reed, Chris Sariel-Talay, Sanem Selker, Ted Shastri, Lokendra Singh, Satinder Smith, Stephen F. Srivastava, Siddharth Sukthankar, Gita Uthus, David C. Williams, Mary-Anne Department of Computer Science University of Texas at Austin United States Center for Knowledge Driven Information Systems Infosys Labs India Adaptive Systems Section Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC United States Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College Park United States EMC's Center of Excellence in Ireland Research Europe at EMC Ireland Department of Computer Science University of Georgia United States School of Informatics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina Greensboro United States Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia VeriSign Inc. United States Department of Computer Science University of Texas at El Paso United States Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Media Laboratory United States Carnegie Mellon University's Silicon Valley Campus United States Darrell W. Hughes Program for Religion and Science Dialogue Oklahoma City University United States Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Canada College of Information Studies Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park United States Department of Computer Science Michigan Technological University United States Department of Computer Science University College Cork Ireland Cognitive Systems Research Insitute Athens Greece School of Computer Science McGill University Canada Stottler Henke Inc. United States School of Computing University of Dundee United Kingdom Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Technical University Turkey Convergence Lab Infosys Technologies Ltd. United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University United States University of Wisconsin

The AAAI-11 workshop program was held Sunday and Monday, August 7-18, 2011, at the Hyatt Regency San Francisco in San Francisco, California USA. The AAAI-11 workshop program included 15 workshops covering a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence. The titles of the workshops were Activity Context Representation: Techniques and Languages;Analyzing Microtext;Applied Adversarial Reasoning and Risk Modeling;Artificial Intelligence and Smarter Living: The Conquest of Complexity;Artifiicial Intelligence for Data Center Management and Cloud Computing;Automated Action Planning for Autonomous Mobile Robots;Computational Models of Natural Argument;Generalized Planning;Human Computation;Human-Robot Interaction in Elder Care;Interactive Decision Theory and Game Theory, 2010;Language-Action Tools for cognitive Artificial Agents: Integrating Vision, Action, and Language;Lifelong Learning from Sensorimotor Experience;Plan, Activity, and Intent Recognition;and Scalable Integration of Analytics and Visualization. This article presents short summaries of those events. Copyright © 2012, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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The limited utility of communication in simple organisms

The limited utility of communication in simple organisms

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11th International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems: Artificial Life XI, ALIFE 2008

作者： Scheutz, Matthias Schermerhorn, Paul Cognitive Science Program School of Informatics Indiana University Bloomington IN 47406 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780262750172

Many forms of communication have evolved in the animal kingdom for different purposes. In this paper we investigate the limits of communication for simple reactive organisms and show that communication has only limited benefits in biologically inspired foraging tasks and can even have detrimental effects in certain environments. Based on these results, we argue that simple agents with simple architectures need very special environmental conditions for communication to benefit them and thus to evolve. © 2007 ***.

关键词： Biological systems

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The Third International Conference on human-robot interaction

The Third International Conference on human-robot interactio...

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作者： Fong, Terry Dautenhahn, Kerstin Scheutz, Matthias Demiris, Yiannis Intelligent Robotics Group NASA Ames Research Center Department of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer Science University of Herfordshire Herfordshire United Kingdom Adaptive Systems Research Group University of Herfordshire Herfordshire United Kingdom Department of Cognitive Science Computer Science and Informatics Cognitive Science Program Indiana University Bloomington IN United States Intelligent Robotics Team Department of Electrical Engineering Imperial College London London United Kingdom

The third international conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI-2008) was held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, March 12-15, 2008. The theme of HRI-2008, "living with robots," highlights the importance of the technical and social issues underlying human-robot interaction with companion and assistive robots for long-term use in everyday life and work activities. More than 250 researchers, practitioners, and exhibitors attended the conference, and many more contributed to the conference as authors or reviewers. HRI-2009 will be held in San Diego, California, from March 11-13, 2009. Copyright © 2008, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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Is Risk Taking Used as a Cue in Mate Choice?

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Evolutionary Psychology 2006年第1期4卷

作者： Andreas Wilke John M. C. Hutchinson Peter M. Todd Daniel J. Kruger Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition Max Planck Institute for Human Development Germany and Center for Behavior Evolution and Culture UCLA Department of Anthropology 341 Haines Hall Box 951553 Los Angeles CA 90095-1553 USA. Tel.: +1-310-666-7930 Fax: +1-310-206-7833 Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition Max Planck Institute for Human Development Germany Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition Max Planck Institute for Human Development Germany and School of Informatics and Cognitive Science Program Indiana University USA Prevention Research Center and Institute for Social Research University of Michigan USA

More frequent risk taking among young men than women has been explained as a sexually selected trait, perhaps advertising male quality. We investigated this hypothesis in three studies. (1) Young men and women rated how attractive they would find it if a potential partner took various specific risks. A domain-specific risk inventory allowed us to distinguish whether risk taking is attractive generally or only in certain domains. Both sexes reported social and recreational risk taking as attractive (the latter not always significantly so), but other domains of risk taking as unattractive (ethics, gambling, and health) or neutral (investment). The sexes differed markedly little. Parallel studies in Germany and the United States yielded very similar results. (2) We asked subjects to predict how attractive the other sex would find it if the subject performed each risky behavior. Both sexes were rather accurate (which could be merely because they assume that the other sex feels as they do) and sex differences in attractive risk taking are not explicable by sex differences either in attraction or in beliefs about what others find attractive. However, our data could explain why unattractive risks are more often taken by men than women (men slightly underestimated the degree of unattractiveness of such risks, whereas U.S. women overestimated it, perhaps because they themselves found such risk taking more unattractive than did U.S. men). (3) Both members of 25 couples reported their likelihood of engaging in specific risky behaviors, their perception of these risks, and how attractive they would have found these behaviors in their partner. One hypothesis was that, for instance, a woman afraid of heights would be particularly impressed by a man oblivious to such risks. Instead we found positive assortment for risk taking, which might be explained by a greater likelihood of encountering people with similar risk attitudes (e.g. members of the same clubs) or a greater compatibil

关键词： Risk taking domain specificity sexual selection mate choice risk perception

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Tracking extreme in dynamic environments using a coevolutlonery agent-based model of genotype edition

Tracking extreme in dynamic environments using a coevolutlon...

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GECCO 2005 - Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference

作者： Huang, Chien-Feng Rocha, Luis M. Center for Nonlinear Studies Los Alamos National Laboratory MS B258 Los Alamos NM 87544 School of Informatics and Cognitive Science Program Indiana University 1900 East Tenth Street Bloomington IN 47406

ISBN: (纸本)1595930108

Typical applications of evolutionary optimization in static environments involve the approximation of the extrema of functions. For dynamic environments, the interest is not to locate the extrema but to follow it as closely as possible. This paper compares the extrema-tracking performance of a traditional Genetic Algorithm and a coevolutionary agent-based model of Genotype Editing (ABMGE). This model is constructed using several genetic editing characteristics that are gleaned from the RNA editing system as observed in several organisms. The incorporation of editing mechanisms provides a means for artificial agents with genetic descriptions to gain greater phenotypic plasticity. By allowing the family of editors and the genotypes of agents to coevolve using the re-generation of editors as a control switch for environmental changes, the artificial agents in ABMGE can discover proper editors to facilitate the tracking of the extrema in dynamic environments. We will show that this agent-based model, together with a coevolutionary mechanism, is more adaptive and robust than the GA. We expect the framework proposed in this paper to advance the current state of research of Evolutionary Computation in dynamic environments. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Genetic engineering

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MyLibrary at LANL: proximity and semi-metric networks for a collaborative and recommender Web service

MyLibrary at LANL: proximity and semi-metric networks for a ...

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IEEE WIC ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (WI)

作者： L.M. Rocha T. Simas A. Rechtsteiner M. Di Giacomo R. Luce School of Informatics and Cognitive Science Program Indiana University Bloomington IN USA Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Indiana University Bloomington IN USA Research Library Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA

We describe a network approach to building recommendation systems for a Web service. We employ two different types of weighted graphs in our analysis and development: proximity graphs, a type of fuzzy graphs based on a co-occurrence probability, and semi-metric distance graphs, which do not observe the triangle inequality of Euclidean distances. Both types of graphs are used to develop intelligent recommendation and collaboration systems for the MyLibrary@LANL Web service, a user-centered front-end to the Los Alamos National Laboratory's digital library collections and Web resources.

关键词： Collaboration Web services Software libraries Databases Intelligent networks Bioinformatics Laboratories Information resources Physics Computer science

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Aspects of stylistic knowledge: What are different styles like and why do we listen to them?

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Psychology of Music 2002年第1期30卷 28-47页

作者： Tekman, Hasan Gürkan Hortaçsu, Nuran Program in Cognitive Science School of Informatics Middle East Technical University ODTU 06531 Ankara Turkey Psychology Department Middle East Technical University

Stylistic knowledge is one of many ways in which listeners may respond to musical styles. As a form of conceptual knowledge, stylistic knowledge has multiple facets. We examined stylistic knowledge of a college student population in Turkey by questioning them about how similar they thought different styles were, which descriptive qualities they associated with different styles of music, and for what reasons people would listen to different styles. We discovered that our respondents represented the similarity among musical styles in a systematic way that could be described by a small number of dimensions. There was also considerable consensus on how musical styles and reasons for listening to them could be described. Musical styles were described with reference to an evaluative, an activity, and a peacefulness dimension. Reasons for listening could be subsumed under four factors: background, movement, identity, and appreciation. Musical styles differed in how closely they were associated with these descriptive dimensions and reasons for listening. How the styles were perceived was also affected by the stylistic preferences of the respondents. © 2002 by the Society for Research in Psychology of Music and Music Education.

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